The just-concluded 20 16 national conference on education has drawn a "new runway" for China's education reform and development in 20 16-do everything possible to promote students' physical and mental health, improve students' practical ability in various forms, help needy groups accurately, and comprehensively improve the education level in the central and western regions ... Constant education reform will make you and me feel more real.
Keywords: 1: Lide Shu Ren
Determined to change the traditional habit of "reading behind closed doors"
Moral education is a political requirement to improve quality. The Ministry of Education requires that we should unswervingly strengthen the education of ideals and beliefs, carry out in-depth publicity and education on Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the Chinese dream, vigorously cultivate and practice socialist core values, and strengthen the education of revolutionary traditions.
We should give full play to the role of the classroom as the main channel and pay close attention to the compilation, revision, review and use of moral education, Chinese and history textbooks in compulsory education. It is necessary to complete the revision of the curriculum standards of ordinary high schools. We should take the construction of "civilized campus" as an important starting point and create a good educational environment. Take patriotism education as the eternal theme of national education, cultivate patriotism, sharpen the ambition of strengthening the country, practice the trip to serve the country, and enhance the integrity, backbone and self-confidence of the Chinese nation.
At the same time, we should do everything possible to promote the physical and mental health of students. In the future, students' physique monitoring reports and school sports supervision and evaluation results should be made public. Education departments at all levels should mobilize all social forces, do a good job in campus football, attach great importance to students' mental health, comprehensively strengthen sports hygiene, mental health and artistic aesthetic education, and cultivate students' positive mental state.
Improve students' practical ability through various forms. We should make up our minds to change the traditional habit of "reading behind closed doors" and truly combine education with productive labor and social practice. Strengthen labor education, put forward clear requirements for the curriculum objectives, main contents and practice forms of each period, and let children love and participate in labor from an early age. Strengthen social practice, do a good job in internship training, promote voluntary service, and carry out research trips to broaden students' horizons, enrich their knowledge and understand society. Strengthen innovation and entrepreneurship education, revise talent training programs, and improve the curriculum system of innovation and entrepreneurship education. At the same time, we will promptly revise the "Regulations on the Management of Students in Ordinary Colleges and Universities", relax the length of study for students, allow students to drop out of school and start businesses, and establish a system for accumulating and converting innovation and entrepreneurship credits.
Keywords: 2: structural adjustment
Adjusting the structure will become the main direction to improve the quality of education.
Structural adjustment is the main direction to improve quality. According to the plan, the focus of structural adjustment in 20 16 is to develop inclusive preschool education, popularize high school education, encourage qualified ordinary undergraduate colleges to change to application-oriented, promote the construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines, and promote continuing education for all.
In the development of inclusive preschool education, we will focus on improving the guarantee mechanism for the development of inclusive kindergartens and promote the second three-year action plan for preschool education.
In terms of popularizing senior high school education, the Ministry of Education will issue implementation opinions on popularizing senior high school education, and clarify the objectives, tasks and major policies of popularization. Among them, solving the shortage of high school education resources in poverty-stricken areas in the central and western regions, especially in concentrated contiguous areas, is the focus of the next step. It is necessary to implement the plan of popularizing high school education, and include ethnic areas, concentrated contiguous areas with special difficulties, national key poverty alleviation and development counties, and some provincial poverty-stricken counties with large populations in the central region into the scope of precise poverty alleviation.
In encouraging qualified ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities to change to application-oriented, the standards for setting up colleges and universities will be revised, which not only encourages the development of comprehensive universities, but also supports the development of small but sophisticated schools with professional characteristics. Formulate standards for applied universities, guide universities to actively adjust specialty settings and resource allocation for the market, and conduct third-party evaluation of talent training, especially the demand side. Improve the national higher education quality monitoring data platform, enhance the transparency of students and parents' choices, and guide colleges and universities to adjust their type positioning.
In promoting the construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines, colleges and universities should take disciplines as the basis, strengthen their existing advantages, independently determine the construction goals, and avoid average exertion; The government should strengthen the performance evaluation, and dynamically adjust the support according to the degree of achieving the goal of running a university, so as to avoid only increasing but not decreasing. It is necessary to form an open mechanism, adjust supporting disciplines in time, and avoid identity solidification. Give full play to the role of big data, and guide colleges and universities to really focus on improving daily quality and building a first-class level, and avoid not paying attention to peacetime and only focusing on the present. The Ministry of Education is working with relevant departments to study and formulate implementation measures and fund management measures.
In promoting continuing education for all, we should pay more attention to education and vocational training, fully rely on the resources of higher education and secondary vocational education, build a continuing education base for workers, improve the employability, work ability and career change ability of the broad masses of workers, and help them better adapt to changes in the market and employment conditions. Implement the development plan of education for the elderly (20 16-2020), expand the supply of education resources for the elderly, and strengthen education services for the elderly. It is necessary to speed up the construction of the basic system of continuing education, explore the establishment of individual learning accounts, promote the pilot work of accumulation and transformation of learning achievements, promote the convergence of various learning methods and learning processes, realize the "zero deposit and whole withdrawal" of learning achievements, and build an "overpass" for talent growth.
Keywords: 3. Education equity
Implementing precise assistance to block intergenerational transmission of poverty
Promoting fairness is the inherent requirement of improving quality. The Ministry of Education proposes to speed up the implementation of the poverty alleviation project through education, implement accurate assistance, and spend money on targeted assistance to specific groups with special difficulties, so as to give them a sense of reality, effectively improve their development ability and their descendants, and block the intergenerational transmission of poverty. Education departments at all levels and schools at all levels should go all out to win the battle against poverty with affection and efforts.
In terms of accurately helping needy groups, we should increase assistance, persist in trying our best to help and try our best to make up for it, and ensure that we do not miss assistance or take the initiative to grant funds. Improve the multi-sectoral cooperation mechanism, strengthen the responsibility of guardians, and build a care service system for left-behind children led by the government, linked by home and school, and participated by society. Simplify the enrollment process and certificate requirements for migrant children, and provide equal opportunities for every eligible migrant child to attend school nearby. Implement "one person, one case" to increase the enrollment rate of compulsory education for disabled children and adolescents.
Accelerate the transformation of weak schools. Optimize the layout of schools, strive to eliminate the "large class size" in cities and towns, and gradually realize the balanced allocation of inter-school resources in the region. This year, the progress of comprehensive thinning work should be taken as the main content of special supervision, and the areas with poor progress and serious problems should be held accountable to ensure that the transformation task is fully completed before the end of 20 18. The State Council's Opinions on Deepening the Balanced Development of Compulsory Education proposes that 95% of counties (cities, districts) will achieve basic balance by 2020. There are nearly 1.600 counties (cities, districts) to achieve this goal, and the time is tight and the task is heavy. This year, at least 500 organizations will be evaluated and appraised, and organizations that pass the evaluation will be monitored and reviewed.
Comprehensively improve education in the central and western regions. Implement the Action Plan for Accelerating the Development of Education in the Central and Western Regions (20 16-2020), optimize the top-level design, integrate engineering projects, and concentrate on tackling key problems. In-depth implementation of the revitalization plan of higher education in the central and western regions, the implementation of the second phase of the basic capacity building project of colleges and universities in the central and western regions. Continue to improve the admission rate of the college entrance examination in the central and western regions, do a good job in the targeted enrollment of key universities for rural poverty-stricken areas, and achieve full coverage of ethnic autonomous counties, an increase of 1 10,000 people over last year.
Keyword 4: the level of running a school
The allocation of funds is inclined to basic education and vocational education.
Manpower, material resources and financial resources are not only the guarantee conditions, but also the basic elements to improve quality. According to the plan of the Ministry of Education, to improve the level of school-running elements is to improve the overall quality of teachers, accelerate the informationization of education, and ensure the steady growth of education investment according to law.
In improving the overall quality of teachers, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of rural teachers, implement the living allowance policy for rural teachers in contiguous destitute areas, realize full coverage of contiguous destitute counties as soon as possible, establish a supplementary mechanism for rural teachers with overall planning and unified selection at the provincial level, and improve the quality of rural teachers from the source.
In accelerating the informatization of education, all localities should continue to promote the construction and application of "three links and two platforms", strengthen the informatization infrastructure construction of primary and secondary schools in remote rural areas, and promote the full coverage of the Internet and the initial popularization of online teaching environment. Improve the national public service system of educational resources, realize platform interconnection and resource sharing, and promote the inclination of high-quality educational resources to rural and remote areas. We should persist in application-driven, constantly improve teachers' ability to apply information technology, and promote the in-depth reform of teaching mode and learning mode.
Ensure the steady growth of education investment according to law. It is necessary to incorporate the statutory increase in education funds into the important issues of national education supervision, which is closely linked to transfer payment, enrollment plan and institutional setup. It is necessary to establish and improve the per capita education funding system at all levels and accelerate the formation of a long-term mechanism to ensure the steady growth of financial investment in education. This year, we will focus on the implementation of the unified benchmark quota of public funds per student in urban and rural compulsory education schools, establish and improve the system of public funds per student in secondary vocational schools, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of social capital to invest in education, and meet the multi-level, diversified and personalized educational needs of the masses.
In the allocation of funds, we will increase investment in the central and western regions, border areas, ethnic minority areas, poverty-stricken areas and old revolutionary base areas, further tilt towards basic education and vocational education, tilt towards poor students and rural teachers, and earnestly implement the central policy of benefiting the people. At the same time, strengthen supervision over the use of funds.
Keyword 5: Administering education according to law
Adhere to the "two-wheel drive" of deepening reform and administering education according to law
The Ministry of Education pointed out that to improve the quality of education, we must deepen reform and strengthen the rule of law. Adhere to the "two-wheel drive" of deepening reform and administering education according to law, adjust the relationship between government, society and schools through reform, release the vitality of running schools, lead, guarantee and promote reforms through the rule of law, and build an education governance system that effectively supports quality improvement.
We will deepen the reform of "simplifying administration and decentralizing power, combining administration with management, and improving services", continue to simplify administration and decentralize power, and deepen the reform of separating management from management. Simplify the administrative examination and approval process, standardize the examination and approval behavior, facilitate the masses to do things, and facilitate the running of schools. Effectively solve the problems of excessive inspection and evaluation, arbitrariness, emphasis on form and light on content, etc., and do not repeat the inspection one by one if it can be cancelled, merged or merged by multiple departments. This year, we should speed up the improvement of the national education standard system and strengthen guidance, supervision and accountability with standards.
Establish a supervision and evaluation system for provincial governments to perform their educational duties, and promote local governments to better perform their educational duties. The education department should respond to the needs of running a school, start with what the school reflects most strongly and what teachers and students want most urgently, and provide high-quality and efficient services for the school in education and teaching guidance, quality monitoring, evaluation and diagnosis, employment and entrepreneurship guidance, and infrastructure construction.
Grasping the key link of the reform of the examination enrollment system, all localities should actively and steadily promote the reform of examination content and strengthen the construction of examination institutions and proposition teams in accordance with the timetable put forward in the reform plan of the examination enrollment system. At the same time, speed up the implementation of higher vocational classification examination and further expand the admission ratio. The Ministry of Education will study and put forward guiding opinions on strengthening the teaching management of ordinary senior high schools and the evaluation of students' comprehensive quality.
In supporting and standardizing the classified development of private education, we should further straighten out the relationship between the government and schools, speed up the establishment of a classified management system for private schools, and study and formulate differentiated support policies for non-profit and for-profit private schools, especially in government subsidies, government purchase services, student loans, fund incentives, donation incentives, land allocation and so on.
The Ministry of Education will also deepen the reform of science and technology system in colleges and universities and improve the quality and level of education opening to the outside world. We started the construction of a quality assurance system for the training of international students in China and promulgated the Measures for the Administration of Recruiting and Training International Students in Schools. At the same time, improve the evaluation and certification methods for Chinese-foreign cooperative education, establish an annual reporting system, and strengthen the withdrawal mechanism.
In comprehensively strengthening the administration of education according to law, we actively cooperated with the deliberation of the National People's Congress Law on the Promotion of Private Education (Amendment), accelerated the submission of the Amendment to the Vocational Education Law (Draft) and the Regulations on Education for the Disabled, and did a good job in the prevention and control of safety risks in primary and secondary schools. Establish a supervision mechanism for the implementation of the constitution of colleges and universities, introduce third-party evaluation, and promote the construction of the constitution of primary and secondary schools.
In addition, we should put ideological and theoretical construction in the first place, strengthen the Party's leadership over education, constantly enhance the overall function of grass-roots party organizations in schools, and continue to promote the building of a clean and honest party style and anti-four winds work.