Luo (1896165438+1October 30-1February 3, 995), formerly known as Luo Ji, was born in Liuyang, Hunan. Outstanding political activists, proletarian revolutionaries and politicians of the older generation. One of the early leaders of China. In his early years, he studied in Peking University, participated in the May 4th Movement, 1920 participated in the seminar on Marxist theory, and initiated the Beijing * * * production team together with Li Dazhao, which was one of the party member when China was founded. During his tenure as director of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China North Bureau and secretary of China Trade Union Secretariat, he successively organized and led the workers' strikes of Longhai Railway, Changxindian Railway, Kailuan Minmetals Railway and Han Jing Railway, and was a famous leader of the workers' movement in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in the early days. In the third, fourth, fifth and sixth sessions of * * *, he was elected as a member of the Central Committee of * * * or an alternate member of the Central Committee, and was a member of the third session of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee. After 1928, he served as secretary of the Central Working Committee, chairman of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and secretary of the party group. 193 1 At the beginning of the year, around the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth CPC Central Committee, he planned the first "great split" in the history of the CPC. 1934 Professor, Economics Department, Henan University. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he taught in Hunan University, Zhongnan College of Finance and Economics and Hubei University. He was elected as a member of the Fifth, Sixth and Seventh China People's Political Consultative Conference. 1979, as a consultant of Chinese Revolution Museum. 1995 died of illness on February 3rd at the age of 99.
Chinese name: Luo.
Luo Zhanglong Mbth
Alias: pen names Canghai, Jing Yun, Zhenjun, etc.
Nationality: China.
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Place of Birth: Liuyang County, Hunan Province
Date of birth: 1896 (the year of Bing Shen)165438+1October 30th.
Date of death: 1995 (year II), February 3rd.
Occupation: revolutionary, politician
Graduate school: Peking University College of Literature.
Faith: * * materialism
Main achievements: Translation and publication of the biography of Kant.
Leading the strike of Beijing-Han Railway
Masterpiece: memoirs of Luo.
Gender: male
Party: Chinese producer.
The life of the character
Luo 1896 1 1.30 was born in Yihe, a town in Liuyang County, Hunan Province. 19 15 entered Changsha No.1 United Middle School, and 1965438 entered Changsha Changjun Middle School. He became friends with Mao Zedong, who also studied in Changsha.
19 15, Mao Zedong issued a friend advertisement in the name of "28 painters", and he was the earliest responder. From then on, he became close friends with Mao Zedong and Cai Hesen, and actively participated in patriotic youth activities. 19 17 graduated from Changsha No.1 Middle School. 19 18 in April, Mao Zedong and others initiated the establishment of Xinmin society, and then entered the German preparatory course of philosophy department of Peking University. At that time, Cai Yuanpei was the president of Peking University, and Cai tended to innovate, both of whom advocated "edifying Chinese and Western cultures and eclecticism". At that time, Peking University's academic thought was unprecedentedly active. The October Revolution of the Soviet Union brought Marxism–Leninism to the people of China. Under the influence of this new trend of thought, the May 4th Movement broke out. Luo took an active part in the May 4th Movement and eagerly studied the classic works of Marxism-Leninism. At that time, most of the international documents and Marxism-Leninism original works produced by * * * were mainly in German, which made him feel more extensive and profound, and he felt "poor in classics". Therefore, he and some like-minded young people initiated and organized the "Peking University Marxist Theory Research Society" in early 1920. Soon, under the guidance of Li Dazhao, he participated in the establishment of the Beijing Producer Organization and became one of the earliest party member in China.
Prior to this, he translated and published the biography of Kant (the author is a neo-Kantian and a member of the German Social Democratic Party). At the same time began to engage in the practice of the workers' movement. He attended Changxindian Workers' Tutorial School and went to Nankou and Tangshan to investigate the situation of railway and mine workers. He also edited Workers' Weekly, a publication promoting the workers' movement. 192 1 China * * * After the formal establishment of the production party, Luo was appointed as the secretary of the branch of Peking University and a member of the Beijing District Committee. In September, after the establishment of the China Trade Union Secretariat, he served as the director of the Northern Branch. In the following years, he frequently traveled to and from Changxindian, Tianjin, Tangshan, Shijiazhuang, Shenyang, Harbin, Longhai and Jinpu. He met with a large number of leaders of railway and mining workers, including Wang Jun, Deng Pei, Wang Hebo, Sun, Yao Zuotang, Kang Jingxing, You Tianyang, Su, Lun Kezhong and Tang Hongjing. Many of them joined the China Production Party through his introduction. Luo was the leader of the early workers' movement in China and participated in the organization of trade unions in the northern region. He has participated in and led 192 1 the strike of Longhai Railway at the end of the year,1the strike of Changxindian in August, 922, and1the strike of Kailuan Minmetals in October. 1923 When he led the Beijing-Han railway strike, he and the railway workers were gloriously wounded in a battle with the reactionary military police in Changxindian. After the strike, he organized the aftermath relief work, and at the same time, in March of that year, he compiled and published the book "The Bleeding of Jing-Han Workers". This book is the first important document in China that reports the historical facts of the "February 27th" struggle in detail. He is a powerful figure in the workers' movement in China. Xiang * * * "The Sixth National Congress" has always been the central leader, and once presided over the work of the central government with Chen Duxiu, Mao Zedong and other * * *. At the third, fourth, fifth and sixth party congresses, he was elected as a member of the Central Committee. But his main job is still to engage in the workers' movement at the grassroots level. After the establishment of the trade union secretariat, he devoted himself to the establishment of the National Railway Federation of Trade Unions, attended the secret congress of the National Railway Federation of Trade Unions held in Beijing from 65438 to 0924 and presided over the second and third congresses of the National Railway Federation of Trade Unions. After these two meetings, Luo compiled several pamphlets, such as 1925 China Railway Trade Union, General Yearbook of Tiezong and Collected Works of Revolutionary Soldiers, which truly reflected the historical facts of the heroic struggle of railway workers under the leadership of * * *. Among them, the assembly of revolutionary soldiers is the earliest revolutionary charge of light brigade. He used to be the propaganda minister of Tiezong, and after the third congress of Tiezong, he was elected as the chairman and secretary of the Communist Youth League. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/926, the Northern Expeditionary Army won successively. After conquering Wuhan, he was transferred to Wuhan Central Branch and served as a member of Hubei Provincial Party Committee, Minister of Propaganda Department and Secretary of Hankou Municipal Party Committee. During this period, he also served as the editor-in-chief of People, a publication of Hubei Provincial Committee. After Ma Ri incident, the revolutionary situation was in jeopardy. He once advocated striking back on the spot, but it was not adopted by the central government, which advocated the policy of concession. Soon, he was transferred to Changsha to join the new leadership team of Hunan Provincial Party Committee. He served as Minister of Workers, Minister of the Central Working Committee, Chairman of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and Secretary of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions. He has edited China Workers, Labor, Shanghai Times and Guide to Struggle. , and has books such as 1928- 1930 China workers' movement and workers' lessons. And recorded the workers' movement during this period. At the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee in 193 1, Mi Fei, the international representative of * * *, established Wang Ming's leading position in the Central Committee. In order to oppose the usurpation of power by Mi Fei and Wang Ming, more than 30 members of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China initiated the establishment of the "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Special Committee", and Luo was elected as the secretary. The "African Committee" issued a statement refusing to recognize the legitimacy of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee, a letter to all Party comrades and an international letter to * * *. Luo was fired by * *. Most members of the "Non-Committee" were betrayed to the Kuomintang and killed (the famous "Shanghai Longhua case" is an example, including the famous "Five Martyrs of the Leftist League" Rou Shi, Hu Yepin, Li Weisen, Feng Keng and Yin Fu) or killed by the anti-rape team. After Luo successfully escaped, he began to teach at Henan University from 1934, and served as a professor in the Department of Economics of Henan University, and concurrently served as the head of the Department of Economics from 1935. 1938, when the Japanese invaders invaded Kaifeng, Henan University was forced to move south, and Luo Suixiao came to Jigongshan. Soon, he transferred to Northwest University to teach, and then went to West China Sheikh University and Hunan University. Until the national liberation. During his nearly fifteen years of university teaching, he devoted himself to studying, teaching and educating people, and successively wrote National Economic History of China (published by the Commercial Press as a university series), Economic Policy Research in Europe and America, Principles of Economic History and Principles of National Economic Planning (published by Hunan University), with a total of nearly one million words. 1953 The departments of colleges and universities in China were adjusted, and he was transferred to Wuhan Zhongnan University of Finance and Economics (later renamed Hubei University) to continue teaching.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, under the care of the CPC Central Committee, Luo was transferred to Beijing, added as a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and served as an adviser to the Museum of Chinese Revolution. Although he is over eighty years old, he is diligent and eager to learn, actively writing memoirs of revolutionary history, and has written Spring Garden, Spring Garden Poetry, Spring Garden Grass and translated works such as Working for Humanity. He also published more than 500 articles. 199 1 In July, the State Council awarded the Romanian government a special allowance certificate in recognition of his outstanding contribution to the development of scientific research in China. 1995 died at the age of 99.
Important influence
Luo was one of the early leaders of China. 192 1 Secretary of the Executive Committee of Northern China, 1924/Minister of the Central Propaganda Department of China. He was elected as a member of the Third Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), a member of the Fifth Central Committee and an alternate member of the Fourth and Sixth Central Committees. He was also an activist in the early labor movement. He used to be Secretary-General and Party Secretary of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, and was sent to Germany, France, the Netherlands and other countries by * * Production International. He made great contributions to China's early revolutionary cause and was one of the earliest founders of China's * * * production party. 193 1 After the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee, the "Extraordinary Committee" was organized to set up another central committee, split the party and was expelled from the party. Luo, Chen Duxiu and Zhang are listed as separatists and traitors in the history books of China. 1945 "Resolution on Several Historical Issues" commented: "Trotsky, Chen Duxiu, Luo and Zhang attempted to split the Party and betray it." However, in his later years, he made outstanding contributions to China's education and social construction, and Luo was still cared and respected by the party and the people.
main work
In September, 2005, American Stream Publishing House published Luo's most important work, Memoirs of Luo, which was basically completed in 1965. Later, it was revised by Luo. In his later years, he solemnly entrusted the publication of the manuscript to his granddaughter Luo Xingyuan. After 40 years of hiding, this 800,000-word book was exclusively published by Stream Publishing House in the United States.
This memoir describes China's early party-building activities, the development of the workers' movement and the international contacts between China and China. Struggle within the party and the trade union; The formulation of China's early policies; Especially the origin, action and killing process of the Central Special Committee. It also revealed an important clue that Zhang Xueliang, a former special Committee member who was deported, instigated the Xi incident. This book (the first and second parts) is informative, with high historical value and irreplaceable research value.
Anecdotes of characters
Old age life
1February 3, 995, Luo passed away. He lived to be 99. He was a member of China People's Political Consultative Conference and a researcher at the Museum of Chinese Revolution.
Luo is one of the earliest party member. 19 18 joined Xinmin society and entered Peking University in the same year. 1920 initiated and organized the Peking University Marxist Theory Research Association, and was the head of Peking University, the producer group of Beijing * * *. Party member was founded in 192 1. He is Li Dazhao's favorite student and assistant. 1925 together with Li Dazhao, introduce the famous journalist Shao Piaoping to join the China * * * production party. Since then, the organizational relationship between Shao and Luo has been one-way contact. Until the 1990s, Shao Caitong was identified as party member.
Starting from 1978, he was re-elected as a member of the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth CPPCC sessions. 1979, the central government transferred him from Hubei to Beijing as a consultant of the Chinese Revolution Museum, and his salary increased from 196 yuan to 2 17 yuan. On May 6, 2007, Luo wrote to Deng, chairman of China People's Political Consultative Conference, saying that he had been a first-class professor before he became a professor. 1952, then he was reduced to a fourth-level professor, and the monthly salary after currency reform was 196 yuan. Deng criticized Comrade Hu Yaobang, and Yaobang instructed: "The salary is too low, and it should be transferred to the highest-level professor or local cadre for five or six grades." After Luo arrived in Beijing, he and his son, Comrade Luo Pinghai, lived in the first three-door two-bedroom apartment. In September, 1985, Luo wrote to his old classmate and then vice chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), reflecting the housing difficulties. After receiving the letter, Xu asked Comrade Yang, Minister of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee, to solve it. We followed the instructions and worked hard for them for a long time, but because of the housing difficulties at that time, we failed to meet the wishes of the elderly.
After Luo died, we went to his house to offer our condolences. Comrade Luo Pinghai said that his father didn't leave many words, but he had two wishes for a long time.
One is to accompany behind Comrade Li Dazhao. 1990, Luo told his family and friends that he was a student of Li Dazhao and had a good relationship and deep feelings. He hopes that he can still be with Mr. Dazhao after his death. Luo personally visited Wan 'an Cemetery before his death, but he was unable to settle down because he had no money to buy land at that time. After his death, relatives and friends were willing to pay for a cemetery in Wan 'an Cemetery to realize his last wish.
Another wish is to change his conclusion of splitting the party. Comrade Luo Pinghai said that this historical situation is very complicated, and it will take some time to figure it out. He demanded that the paragraph "193/kloc-0" be deleted or rewritten as "leaving China after the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee" because of activities to split the party. Comrade Luo Pinghai gave me a copy of a letter, the content of which is basically the same as the letter signed by Mr. Luo that I saw a few years ago. 1992 The Dictionary of Names in China included the word "Luo", which I wrote according to the existing historical conclusion. There is a sentence: After the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee, a "Central Special Committee" was established to carry out separatist activities and was expelled from the Party in 193 1. After reading the first draft of the entry, Lao Luo sent a letter and refused to accept it. He advocated that the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee was held by Mi Fei, Wang Ming and others. At the meeting, most of the different opinions of the Central Committee were suppressed and an interim Central Committee was forcibly elected. We refuse to accept it. After the meeting, Mi Fei called a meeting of the Central Committee that disagreed with the matter, but he still refused to accept it. He announced the expulsion of our party membership on the spot. In this situation, we drafted the Outline of the Report on Holding an Emergency Meeting against the Fourth Plenary Session, which was submitted to * * * International, demanding that * * * International redistribute its representatives, hold an emergency meeting and elect a new Central Committee, but the report was not delivered. And all kinds of persecution by Wang Ming and others followed. According to Luo, he was expelled from the party first, and then organized an "extraordinary Committee". An extraordinary committee was formed to oppose the sectarian activities of Mi Fei and Wang Ming.
Luo 1979 1 went to the hospital to see Comrade Li. They are fellow villagers in Hunan and classmates of Peking University. In my youth, I was also a revolutionary pioneer. After more than half a century's efforts, when we met in our later years, we still communicated on historical issues. Luo told Li Lao about himself. He said that at that time, he and He Mengxiong, Lin Yunan, Li Qiushi and other international representatives who opposed the production of * * * forcibly convened the Fourth Plenary Session and elected a number of non-central Committee members such as Wang Ming to the Politburo. In order to distinguish it from Wang Ming's Central Committee, they temporarily used the name of "Extraordinary Committee" and subjectively did not want to set up another Central Committee. Comrade Li told Luo that you are right to oppose Wang Ming and his party. I saw you in a conversation record in Wuhan, saying that you were opposed to Wang Ming's line and needed to consider it. I think the real opposition to Wang Ming's line began with Comrade Mao Zedong. The "Extraordinary Committee" wrote to * * * to produce international publications, which should be recognized as an organization. I am the secretary of jiangsu provincial party committee, XXX and others hold the second provincial party committee, asking the provincial party committee to make room. I witnessed it with my own eyes and was the first to bear the brunt. Li also said that it was Wang Ming who expelled you from the party at that time. In this conversation, Luo also said that he was arrested in April 1934. It was Mr. Cai Yuanpei who came to the rescue and came out in the name of medical parole, without making an anti-party declaration.
1994 during the CPPCC meeting, he sat in a wheelchair and listened to the report in Fujian Hall. I stayed with him and saw his weather-beaten face, showing a peculiar stubbornness of Hunan people. I introduced myself to Lao Luo and said that I was from Hunan, too. When I talked about China's dictionary of names, he said, "You are still young and your history is very complicated." He asked me if I had a camera. The old man is going to take a photo as a souvenir. Unfortunately, I never brought my camera to the meeting and didn't ask anyone to sign it as a souvenir, so I lost a valuable photo.
Chronology of figures
19 12 studied in Changsha No.1 United Middle School.
In April 2008, Mao Zedong and others initiated the organization of Xinmin Society. In August of the same year, he was admitted to Peking University College of Literature.
19 19 participated in the may 4th movement.
At the beginning of 1920, he participated in the organization of Peking University Marxist Theory Research Association. In the same year, he joined the early organization of Beijing * * * Production Party, and in June165438+1October, he joined the Peking University Socialist Youth League. Later, Zhong * * * was the secretary of the Peking University branch, the secretary of the Northern Department of the Labor Combination Department of China, and a member of the Northern District Committee of Zhong * * *.
192 1 Participate in the establishment of Workers' Weekly. In the same year, 1 1 participated in leading the strike of Longhai railway workers.
1922 participated in leading the strike of railway workers in Changxindian in August and workers in Kailuan Minmetals 10.
1February, 923, participated in the organization of the Beijing-Han Railway General Union and led the strike struggle. In June of the same year, he attended the Third National Congress held in Guangzhou, and was elected as a member of the Central Executive Committee and members of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee. After the meeting, he served as the chief accountant of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and was responsible for the daily work of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China together with Chen Duxiu and Mao Zedong.
1924 participated in the top five international producers, and then participated in the fourth congress of the international transport trade union held in Hamburg, and was elected as the secretary of the association in China. After returning to China, he was responsible for editing China Workers.
1925 1 Participated in the Fourth National Congress held in Shanghai and was elected as alternate executive member of the Central Committee.
1927 Member of Wuhan Central Bureau, Secretary of Wuhan Municipal Party Committee and Minister of Propaganda of Hubei Provincial Party Committee. In May of the same year, he was elected as a member of the Central Committee at the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC). In the autumn of the same year, he served as an executive member of the Hunan Provincial Action Committee and participated in leading the autumn harvest uprising. 165438+ 10, attended the enlarged meeting of the Provisional Political Bureau of the Central Committee in Shanghai. After the meeting, he served as secretary of the Central Working Committee, chairman of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and secretary of the All-China Federation of Party Groups.
1928 attended the sixth congress of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held in Moscow and was elected as an alternate member of the Central Committee. 1September, 930, attended the Third Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Shanghai. 193/kloc-0 Around the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee in, Wang Ming, who opposed supporting the international Mifu, took charge of the central leadership. He organized and established the "Central Special Committee", "Second Provincial Party Committee" and "Second Trade Union Party Group". 193 1 year 1 month, and was expelled from the Party by the Central Committee headed by Wang Ming.
1934 Up to now, he has served as a professor in Henan University, Northwest University, West China Union Medical College University and Hunan University.
After the founding of New China, he taught in Hunan University, Zhongnan College of Finance and Economics and Hubei University. He was elected as a member of the Fifth, Sixth and Seventh China People's Political Consultative Conference.
1979, as a consultant of Chinese Revolution Museum. He is the author of Kant's Biography, National Economic History of China, Principles of Socialist Economic Planning, Notes on Spring Garden, etc.
1995 died in Beijing on February 3rd.
Personality assessment
Luo is a proletarian revolutionary, politician and respected social activist of the older generation of China's * * * production party. During the revolutionary war years, he engaged in party and government, United front, justice and journalism, and made immortal contributions to the party and the people. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it has made great contributions to party building, the establishment and improvement of people's democratic system, social welfare and United front work. He was an excellent journalist in the early days of China's * * * production party. In his later years, he served as a member of the CPPCC and continued to contribute to the United front work. Luo devoted his life to fame and fortune, being honest, hard-working and simple, and seeking truth from facts. He is willing to be a public servant for decades. He is a model of integrity and seeking truth from facts.
Luo was a good public servant and judge of the people all his life, and made great contributions to Socialism with Chinese characteristics's construction and reform and opening up.