Well, speaking of life, let's toss it! Of course, this weekend, I will continue to toss and turn with a group of my friends on the way to hike the ancient road in Gui Xiang. This time, I will walk from the sky to Xiongcun with my sister Ai Ye and my brother Feng Yu. The general route is Yanglongshan in Niaoling Village of Lianghegou and Xiongcun in Aijiang Village of Luotang Village. Along the way, the peach blossoms in early spring are colorful, the birds are singing and the flowers are fragrant, and the scenery is pleasant, which makes people feel relaxed and happy! Teammates, happy, of course, good photos are indispensable! The first stop we passed was Yanglongshan!
Yanglongshan is located between Dawei Town and Chaotian Township, with an altitude of more than 400 meters. There are lush plants here. Walking among them is like walking into the forest to get oxygen! In the mountains, the continuous red maple, like a beautiful red Great Wall, spans the mountains and is printed with green mountains and green waters, forming a beautiful picture. Surprisingly, there are nearly ten small temples around the top of the mountain, and pilgrims still burn incense, but the mirror field on the top of the mountain (this time failed! ) It is not dry all year round, and the scenery is excellent!
Yanglongshan, also known as barge Leshan and barge Lushan, is a scenic spot in Dongxiang, Lingui. There is a small temple halfway up the mountain, surrounded by strange stones, overlooking the peak and lush. Jiaqing's Lingui County Records records that "Yanglongshan is 60 feet high and 40 miles wide, and there are two ponds on the top. According to the Old Painting Classic, Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty used foreign white deer to carry Yuan Kang here. There is a pool in front of the mountain, the water is bright, and there are five-color lotus flowers in between, called flying lotus. " About refuting Lushan Mountain, it was first seen in the Book of Later Han Dynasty. "County Records" "Shi 'an County Records", there is a barge Leshan in the east and Liaoshan in the east. "Yuanhe County Records of the Tang Dynasty and Taiping Universe Records of the Song Dynasty are recorded.
The Tang Dynasty was the most glorious period when Buddhism was introduced into China. Guilin, as an important town in Lingnan, Buddhism also prevailed in the Tang Dynasty. In the second year of Tang Gaozong's reign (657), a kind-hearted temple (later called Kaiyuan Temple) was built in southern Guizhou, and a pagoda was built to worship Buddhist relics, named stupa. In the first year of Diaolu (679), Sima Lishi of Zhaozhou made a statue on the cliff of Guanyin Peak in Xishan, Guilin, showing that Guilin at that time was one of the Buddhist resorts in Lingnan. According to the existing Monument to Rebuild Kannonji and Monument to the Zen Master of Bailuyuan in the 21st year of Qianlong, the temple was built in Zhenguan period of Tang Dynasty (627-649). At the same time, Ding Lin Temple was built at the other end of Haiyang Mountain on this ancient road (now Dongjing Township, Guanyang). The two temples echo each other and belong to Guilin.
Yongzheng's Guangxi Tongzhi and the existing inscriptions record the life of Zen master Bailuyuan in detail. According to legend, during the Tang, Wu and Zhou Dynasties (684-704), there was a Zhang family in Zhang Cun, Dongxiang, Lingui, who gave birth to a son named Yuan Kang. It is said that they will sit cross-legged in their infancy and have their hair cut at Longquan Temple in Chang 'an. One year, he went back to Guilin to visit relatives. In his spare time, he boarded Yang Longshan. Looking from a distance, the peaks are green and undulating like dragons. He was so happy that he named himself "Yang Long Savage". In the early years of Kaiyuan (7 13), Li Longji, Emperor Taizong, visited ankokuji and ordered famous monks and masters in the world to compile Buddhist scriptures and teach Buddhism. The emperor of the Tang Dynasty asked the monk, "Who can preach and explain my will?" Yuan Kang said to the prelude, "I do." So, he was ordered to be related to Li Shishi mage * * *, Yuan Kang deeply understand the holy meaning, and answer questions. Tang was very moved and immediately named him the abbot of ankokuji. The following year, Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty visited ankokuji again, and gathered more than 500 monks to watch the White Deer Plain presented by foreign envoys. White deer came to Yuankang and knelt down. When the emperor saw that White Deer was predestined friends with Yuankang, he gave it to White Deer, hence the name "White Deer Zen Master". At the end of Kaiyuan, Yuankang begged to return to his hometown, lived in Yanglongshan, and built a Buddhist temple named "Bailu Temple", which was later renamed "Shengtian Temple". (Yongzheng "Guangxi Tongzhi" Lingui County Dongli Village full map Yiling ancient road map! )
Pan, a juren in the 21st year of Kangxi, was born in Panjia Village, Dongxiang, Lingui. After many years of resignation, he often expressed his feelings in Longshan, Dengyang, and wrote the poem "Denying Lushan Mountain":
The land is vast and empty, and the mountains are all over the world.
Layers of mountains bend in the clouds, and there is a brake between Cui Wei and Han Xiao.
Birds are not silent in Zen, but bells are always gurgling.
Let's take a look at the Range Rover, hoping to cross the deer of that year.
In advocating nature and Zen, Pan was finally appointed as the magistrate of Yiwu, Zhejiang Province by the imperial court in the thirty-eighth year of Kangxi (1699), fulfilling his scholar's wish. During the Qianlong period, the country was rich and the people were strong, and the ancient trade between Hunan and Guangxi entered a prosperous period. Lingui Dongxiang has gained the advantages of favorable weather, favorable geographical position and harmonious people, and has become the richest township in Lingui County. The villagers respect the Confucian thought of farming and reading, and accept the concept of combining agriculture with business. With the economic prosperity, there are more and more scholars and the style of writing is becoming more and more obvious. Among them, the Li family is even more rich, with many officials and people with martial arts and martial arts. Once upon a time, there was a scholar named Li Shiyu who tried and tried. After a long time, he was indifferent to fame and fortune, devoted himself to Buddhism and was willing to do business. He devoted himself to managing his ancestral business, and often walked in the countryside in his spare time, persuading people to be kind and charitable, and was well known. On the occasion of the Double Ninth Festival, he invited a group of old scholars and close friends to board Yang Longshan and improvised a poem:
It's refreshing on the ninth day, and Longshan is suitable for tourism.
Buildings are hidden in green trees, and trees are inserted into white clouds.
Wild birds return to feast and dance, and yellow flowers relieve guests' worries.
On the bright moon in a bay, the rhyme is long.
Ancient literati, such as mountains and rivers, were bohemian. It is the beautiful environment of Yanglongshan that has cultivated their sentiments and written poems that will last forever. (Jiaqing seven years "Lingui County Records" Yang Longshan Poetry! )
Here I have to talk about the history and humanities of the ancient road of Hunan and Guangxi, because Guangxi is located in Lingnan, which was a place where hundreds of battles were fought in ancient times and the traffic was blocked. In order to unify Lingnan, Qin Shihuang ordered "digging ditches to connect with grain lanes", and built a lingqu to communicate with the Xiang-Gui water system, thus forming the Xiang-Gui traffic waterway. Since the Song Dynasty, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the folk trade between Hunan and Guangxi has become increasingly prosperous. However, Xiang-Gui waterway is in disrepair for a long time, and its water transport capacity is limited. It is not easy to maintain official water transport. A large number of commodities and goods need to be transported by land, and local officials have opened up land trade routes between Hunan and Guangxi for this organization. With a history of thousands of years, the ancient commercial road in Xianggui, from Guilin via Lingchuan, Xing 'an and Quanzhou to southern Hunan, has reached its peak for more than 500 years, which is known as "In the 1930s, Huang Gui Highway and Gui Xiang Railway were opened one after another, and new transportation channels replaced the ancient land and water commercial road for thousands of years. With the passage of time, the landscape of the ancient road gradually disappeared from people's field of vision, and the history of the ancient road was gradually forgotten in people's memory.
According to records, Dawei Town, located on the ancient road of Gui Xiang, is an indispensable part, and the ancient town of Dawei and Xiongcun are also the main destinations we must pass on foot! Let me briefly talk about the ancient town of Daxu. It is said that in the fourth year of Tang Wude (62 1), Fulu County was located here, which shows that it is a thoroughfare. In the Song Dynasty, it became a market called Lutiancheng, with inspection department and Tongzhi official office in Guilin. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the imperial court's development and cultural dissemination of Lingnan increased day by day, and the exchanges between the North and the South became more frequent, which promoted social development and national integration. At that time, the ancient post roads from Hunan to northern Guangxi were Quanzhou, Guanyang and Gongcheng. A main line is from Yongming County (now Jiangyong County) in Hunan Province to Gongcheng County, Pingle County, bypassing Chongshun Fort in Guanyang (now Guanyinge Township and Dongjing Township), then crossing the rugged Dayang Mountain, going back to Xiniu River and Chaotian River to Yiling to xu zhen, and then taking waterways and drilling wells. Historically, before the twenty-seventh year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1394), Quanzhou and Guanyang were both under the jurisdiction of Yongzhou, Hunan Province. After crossing Dayangshan, Dongli Village and Hunan boundary could be reached, but the distance was only a hundred miles.
As early as the Tang Dynasty, Li and Qin in Yidu, Qingzhou, Shandong Province, had become a large local family. They lived along the ancient road with Xiong, Zhang, Zhou, Mo, Liao, Huang and Yuan, and gradually formed villages. At the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, there was a Li family. First, they made a fortune in business, and the trees grew big and branched. Starting from the big market, they went to the East to study ideas. Only when the ancestors moved, they saw a group of cows grazing leisurely by the river. There are abundant aquatic plants, fertile land and convenient transportation on both sides of the strait, so they settled here. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, ancient commercial trade flourished, and surnames such as Qin, Huang, Zhang, Xiong, Zhou and Yuan moved in one after another. They either set up shops, pubs, grocery stores, or soju, grinding tofu brain, and gradually formed a village market, and the scene was prosperous.
In the fourth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1406), Jie Jin, the first official of the cabinet and a university student, was demoted to the position of Chief Secretary of the Guangxi Department and passed by Daxiu Ancient Town. On the day of the fair, he saw that the merchants in the market were all people, so he improvised and wrote:
Lutian city on the banks of Dawei River,
A hundred feet deep pool, Wan Zhuwei.
After Liu Dian accumulated his salary in the morning,
Lotus leaves are wrapped in salt.
In a thousand years, how many dynasties changed; In a thousand years, how many stories have been forgotten in the years; In a thousand years, how much prosperity has been washed away by time. Dream back to the Millennium, on the edge of Lijiang River, the long ancient road, how many merchants gathered here, and the heavy sound of hooves seems to still reverberate on the ancient road. Also, with the development of science and technology and the process of history, the ancient road was finally buried by the years, and the once prosperous market was slowly depressed and forgotten in the long river of history. Xiongcun is a touch of prosperity forgotten by the years.
Xiongcun belongs to Lingchuan xu zhen, not far from Guilin, only more than 30 kilometers. It is understood that Xiongcun was founded in the Song Dynasty with a history of 1000 years. It is an ancient plaque (market) on the ancient road of Hunan and Guangxi. This commercial road, which has been used for more than 600 years, reached its peak in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The railway was abandoned after it was opened. Xiongcun still follows the ancient commercial road, and its popularity has declined, so not many people know it now.
Xiongcun Ancient Town is 7.5 kilometers away from xu zhen. It was built in the Song Dynasty. Legend has it that six dragon boats carried their ancestors to Xiongcun. The architectural style of Xiongcun is different from that of Daxu. Xiongcun is built on a small headland, and there are many stone arches in the lane. There are stone steps in the alley, arches are built on the stone steps, and names are engraved on each arch. Xiongcun ancient town has a unique architectural layout and a winding path. There are six tunnels of different lengths in the town, which extend radially around, all paved with slate or pebbles. In the past, most of the residents in the street lived in high-walled and deep courtyards, and there were pavements at the door of every household. Wandering in the ancient town of Xiongcun, you can enjoy the quaint and primitive ancient buildings and be surprised to find traces of many years, which will leave a deep impression on you and make you unforgettable for life.
Xiongcun still retains a complete pattern of old villages, and there are many stone archways in the lane. There are stone steps in the alley, arches are built on the stone steps, and names are engraved on each arch. There are complete buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties, including Hunan Guild Hall, Jiangxi Guild Hall, ancient stage and Guandi Temple. In addition, many slogans of the Cultural Revolution are still preserved in the old buildings in the village. Surprisingly, there are obvious cultural slogans on the mottled walls of some houses, such as "always loyal to Chairman Mao", "serving the people", "politics first" and "not conducive to special interests" and so on. There is also a memorial arch called Revolutionary Gate, which really smells like the Cultural Revolution Museum!
Strolling in the ancient village, the unique layout of buildings, the winding alleys paved with slate or pebbles, walking through the flowing water in the village, there are too many traces of time, and every corner, brick and stone, can feel the breath of time, which is unforgettable. On April 28th, the 10th year of Chongzhen (A.D. 1637), Xu Xiake, a great traveler of Ming Dynasty, passed Xiong Village, and sent out such feelings in his diary: "The settlements on Shang Wei are very prosperous, not only in the valley, but also in the south and China." In a few simple words, we seem to see the bustling scene of Xiongcunwei Market.
If you carefully consider the buildings along the street in Xiongcun, you will find that almost every household has a blue brick counter under the wooden window facing the street, which means that every household here has a shop. Shopkeepers only need to remove the boards from the windows and put the goods out, so they can do business with passers-by in the street. From here you can also imagine the prosperity of Xiongcun at that time.
"Outside the pavilion, beside the ancient road, the grass is blue ..." With the development of the times, with the arrival of roads, railways, cars and trains, caravans and porters can only go to history after all, and the business road in front of Xiongcun people can't escape the fate of being abandoned. Prosperity has become a memory, and efforts are made to exist in the heart. The male villagers who still stay in the village can no longer see the lively scenes of caravan and porters in the past, and the people in Ma Si are boiling. When everything faded in time, Xiongcun gradually faded out of people's sight ... Standing on an empty street, looking at rows of empty shops, weeds on the wall and broken doors and windows on both sides, people were full of sighs and felt helpless. However, nothing can stop the wheel of history. When the prosperity here disappears, there will be new prosperity in another place. Maybe we just need to remember that here, our ancestors shouldered the heavy burden of economic exchanges between Hunan and Guangxi!