1 998 65438+1October1,the domestic partnership law in the Netherlands came into effect. The "partner" referred to in the Law on Cohabitation Partners includes both "same-sex partner" and "opposite-sex partner". For same-sex couples, registered same-sex couples will enjoy the same rights and assume the same obligations as married couples in pension, social security, inheritance and support, but same-sex couples have no right to adopt children; For heterosexual couples, the law provides legal protection for men and women who want to be partners temporarily but do not want to enter marriage. It is actually a "cohabitation law". From June 5438 to February 2000, the Dutch Senate passed a law allowing homosexuals to get married and adopt children. This bill came into effect on April 1 2006, making the Netherlands the first country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage. This law not only allows same-sex marriage, but also fully enjoys all the same rights and interests as heterosexual marriage. So it is a real same-sex marriage law.
Belgium
On June 22nd, 20001year, the Belgian Council of Ministers passed a draft law, stipulating that in the future, marriage in Belgium need not be a union between the opposite sex, and marriage can also be composed of two men or two women. The passage of this bill makes Belgium the second country to allow same-sex marriage after the Netherlands. In April 2006, the Belgian Parliament passed a bill allowing married same-sex couples to adopt children.
Spain
1On June 30th, 998, the Parliament of Catalonia Autonomous Region passed the Law on Stable Cohabitation, which recognized the legal status of same-sex and opposite-sex cohabitation. Aragon passed a similar law on unmarried partners on March 1999. On June 30th, 2005, the Spanish Parliament passed the same-sex marriage bill with a ratio of 187 147. On July 3, 2005, the Act came into effect, and Spain became the third country in the world to recognize same-sex marriage.
Canada
On July 9, 2005, the Canadian Civil Marriage Act (Bill C-38) was signed. Previously, the Senate and the House of Representatives passed the bill by 158 133 and 47/2 1 respectively. On July 20th, 2005, Canada officially became the fourth country in the world to recognize same-sex marriage.
South Africa
On June 165438+ 10/4, 2006, the South African Parliament approved the proposal to legalize same-sex marriage. On June 5438+February 1 day, 2006, South Africa officially became the fifth country in the world and the first country in Africa to legally recognize same-sex marriage.
Norway
After Denmark, it passed its own corresponding legislation on April 30th, 1993, and it was implemented in August 1. On June 5438+1 October1day, 2009, the Norwegian Marriage Law, which recognized same-sex marriage, came into effect, becoming the sixth country in the world to legally recognize same-sex marriage after the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Canada and South Africa.
Sweden
On June 23rd, 1994, the same-sex couples cohabitation bill was passed, and it was implemented on New Year's Day. On April 1 2009, the Swedish Parliament passed a gender-neutral marriage bill. On May 1 2009, the Act came into effect, and Sweden became the seventh country in the world to recognize same-sex marriage.
Portugal
20 10, 10 10 On 8 October and 8 February, the upper and lower houses of the Portuguese Parliament respectively voted to pass the same-sex marriage bill. On March 2010/3, the Portuguese Constitutional Court ruled that same-sex marriage was constitutional. On 2010 May 17, Portuguese President Silva officially signed the same-sex marriage bill and it came into effect. The eighth country in the world to recognize same-sex marriage was born.
Iceland
1June 1996 12 the same-sex cohabitation partner act was passed and implemented on June 27 of the same year. On June 10, 20 1 1 day, the Icelandic parliament passed the same-sex marriage bill by a unanimous vote of 49 to 0. 20 10 on June 27th, the bill was formally implemented. Iceland became the ninth country in the world to recognize same-sex marriage. On the same day, johanna sigurdardottir, the female prime minister of Iceland, and her long-term female companion formally entered the marriage hall.
Argentina
On May 5, 20 10 and July 5, 2005, the Argentine Senate and House of Representatives passed the same-sex marriage bill with a ratio of 125 109 and 33/27 respectively. On July 2, 2010/day, President Christina formally signed and implemented the bill. The tenth country in the world to recognize same-sex marriage was born.
Denmark
The first European country to recognize the legal status of same-sex couples living together. 1989 proposed a bill to establish the registration of same-sex couples. Effective on 1989 10 10/month 1 day. Registered same-sex couples can enjoy some unique rights of heterosexual couples, such as inheritance rights, insurance plans, pensions, social welfare, income tax relief and unemployment relief. Similarly, if divorced, they also have the obligation to bear alimony. 1997, the bishop of the Danish National Church (Lutheran Church) voted to recognize same-sex partnerships. Same-sex couples can also get married in church. 1999, same-sex couples can adopt their spouses' children, but they still can't adopt children outside the partnership.
On June 7th, 20 12, the Danish Parliament passed the same-sex marriage bill by 85 to 24, which enabled same-sex couples and heterosexual couples to enjoy completely equal rights. The Act came into effect on June 52005. Denmark became the 1 1 country in the world to recognize same-sex marriage.
Uruguay
On June 65438+February 65438+February 09, 2007, the two houses of the Uruguayan Parliament passed the civil union bill, and on February 27, 65438, the Uruguayan President signed the bill. On June 65438+ 10/day, 2008, Uruguay Civil Union Law came into effect. On April 2013 10, Uruguay's house of representatives voted to pass the equal marriage law, making Uruguay the second Latin American country to legalize same-sex marriage after Argentina.
1April 10, Uruguay's lower house passed the same-sex marriage bill with 7 1-2 1, which was previously passed in the upper house with 23-8, and came into effect in August 13. The adoption of this bill makes Uruguay the first 12 country in the world to recognize same-sex marriage.
New Zealand
In February 2004, the New Zealand Parliament passed the Civil Union Bill by 65 votes to 55 votes, which came into effect on April 26, 2005. It changes the address of husband and wife in marriage law to civil union partner, which is similar to heterosexual marriage. 2013 April 17 New Zealand will vote on the bill to legalize same-sex marriage, which was passed, making New Zealand the first Asia-Pacific country to recognize same-sex marriage.
On April 2013 17, the new Zealand parliament passed the same-sex marriage bill with 77-44 third reading. The Act was signed by the Governor-General of New Zealand on April 19, 2009 and came into effect on August 19, 2009. New Zealand became the first 13 country in the world to recognize same-sex marriage.
France
From June 5438 to October 2000, the French government promulgated and implemented the Civil Mutual Assistance Contract, which stipulated that "cohabiting partners" could register new family relationships.
20 12,11September, French Minister of Justice Christine Tobilla disclosed the contents of same-sex marriage in the civil law reform in the media. The left-wing government plans to promote legislation to recognize the right of homosexuals to establish marriage and adopt children. The bill will expand the existing rights and interests of same-sex couples, including marriage, parent-child relationship and kinship. "We will liberalize the adoption rights of same-sex couples and make them consistent with the current framework ... homosexuals can adopt alone or together (simple adoption or complete adoption) like others."
20 13 On April 23rd, the French House of Commons passed the same-sex marriage bill with a vote of 33 1-225. Previously, the bill was passed in the House of Lords by a vote of 17 1- 165, allowing same-sex couples to adopt one child or one of them after marriage. France became the first 14 country in the world to recognize same-sex marriage.
On May 2013 17, the French Constitutional Council rejected the conservative motion, arguing that the same-sex marriage bill passed by Congress was not unconstitutional, and President Hollande officially signed the bill the next day. 20 13 on may 29th, two men held the first legally recognized wedding in France in the town hall of Montpellier, a city in southern France.
Brazil
20 1 1 On May 5, 2008, the Supreme Court of Brazil passed a ruling with 10-0, recognizing the legality of civil union of same-sex couples. Based on this ruling, same-sex couples in Brazil can register as civil partners in the civil affairs department and enjoy the same rights as heterosexual couples, but same-sex marriage is not recognized.
On May 20 13 15, the Brazilian Federal Judicial Committee ruled with 14- 1 that the Brazilian government agency responsible for issuing marriage certificates has no right to refuse the marriage application of same-sex couples, and the ruling will take effect immediately the next day. Brazil became the first 15 country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage.
Britain, England
On February 5, 2005, 65438, the British Civil Partnership Act came into effect. On June 7, 2004165438+1KLOC-0, the House of Lords of the United Kingdom passed the Civil Partnership System Act with a ratio of 25 1 ratio 136. Previously, the bill was passed by 426 to 29 in the House of Commons. After the bill was passed by the upper and lower houses, Queen Elizabeth II immediately announced that it was allowed to be implemented, and asked to complete all necessary legal amendments and preparations before the implementation of the bill before June 5438+February 5, 2005. The civil partnership law in Britain is very similar to heterosexual marriage, except that the name of the couple in heterosexual marriage is changed to civil partnership, and the rest are basically unchanged.
20 14 On March 29th, a law allowing gay marriage came into effect in England and Wales on the 29th local time, and many same-sex couples got married on the same day.
On the day when the law came into effect, many gay couples got married for the first time. British Prime Minister David Cameron said that this day is a "great moment" for Britain. In addition, London government agencies also planted rainbow flags symbolizing the gay movement to celebrate.
Neil Allard and Andrew Wale, same-sex couples, got married at the Royal Pavilion in Brighton, on the south coast of England. They exchanged vows and rings in front of 65,438+000 guests.
At the wedding, Elad and Wali, who had been dating for seven years, wore suits, were declared "husband and husband", and then smiled and kissed each other.
England legalized homosexuality in 1967 and allowed same-sex couples to enter into civil partnerships from 2005. On July 20 13, the same-sex couple marriage law was passed, and on March 20 14, the same-sex marriage registration procedures in England and Wales began. On the 29th, this law came into effect.
Although the law was strongly opposed by the Conservative Party and members of the Church of England, Cameron still supported this change.
The British House of Commons has passed the Marriage Equality Bill, and Queen Elizabeth II signed it into law the next day. According to the new law, gay couples in England and Wales will formally have the right to marry, and the new law also allows them to continue their marriage after transsexual. Britain became the first 16 country in the world to recognize same-sex marriage.
Scotland
20 14 On February 4th, the Scottish Parliament held the last discussion and vote. As a result, the bill was passed with 105 votes in favor and 18 votes against. 20 14 12 16, the bill came into effect, and the wedding of the first legal same-sex couple was held on 20 14 12 3 1. Scotland became the first 17 region in the world to allow same-sex marriage.
Luxembourg
In July 2004, Luxembourg passed the Civil Union Law, allowing same-sex and opposite-sex couples to register as partners, so their rights are less than marriage rights. The Act came into effect on June 165438+ 10/day, 2004.
On June 2014 18, the Luxembourg Parliament passed the same-sex marriage bill with an overwhelming advantage of 56 to 4. In addition to ensuring marriage equality, the bill also allows same-sex couples to adopt children. The bill came into effect on 20 15 65438+ 10/month 1 day. Luxembourg has become the ninth EU country to recognize same-sex marriage after the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Sweden, Portugal, Denmark, France and the United Kingdom, and it is also the 17 country to recognize same-sex marriage.
Slovenia
In July 2005, the Slovenian parliament passed the civil union bill by 44 votes to 3 votes, and on July 23, 2006, the bill came into effect.
201on the evening of March 3, 5, the Slovenian parliament passed the Act on Equality of Rights in Marriage and Adoption with a vote of 5 1 28. If President Pahor signs the bill into law, the country will become the first country in Central Europe to legalize same-sex marriage.
Finland
In 200110/0, the Finnish parliament passed a bill allowing homosexuals to register as partners, which came into effect on March 12.
2014165438+1October 28th, the Finnish parliament passed the marriage equality bill with 105 votes in favor and 92 votes against, and Finland will become the last country in northern Europe and the 12 country in Europe to legalize same-sex marriage. Many Finnish people and politicians wrote messages on Twitter to celebrate, describing this day as "a great day for Finland to achieve equality".
20 15 On May 23rd, Dublin, Ireland held a referendum on whether gay marriage is legal. The results show that 62% of voters agree. Ireland became the first 18 country in the world to pass the same-sex marriage bill.
United States of America
The marriage affairs of American citizens are managed by the state governments themselves. On June 26th, 20 15, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that same-sex couples have the right to marry in the United States, which legalized same-sex marriage in the United States. Prior to this, 36 states and Washington, D.C. legalized same-sex marriage, but 14 states still prohibited same-sex marriage.
On June 26th, 20 13, the US Supreme Court ruled that the Federal Marriage Protection Act (DOMA), which prohibited the federal government from legalizing same-sex marriage, was unconstitutional, and same-sex marriage enjoyed the same federal benefits as heterosexual marriage. At the same time, it ruled that the defense in proposition 8, California had no right to defend and dismissed it, which opened the door to the legalization of same-sex marriage in California. This ruling of the Supreme Court of the United States is considered as a landmark event of the gay affirmative movement in the United States.
20 14, 1016 October, the Supreme Court of the United States decided not to hear the appeal against the ban on same-sex marriage, which cleared the way for more states to allow same-sex marriage.
The Supreme Court's practice paved the way for homosexuals to get married in Indiana, Oklahoma, Utah, Virginia and Wisconsin, increasing the number of States in the United States that allow same-sex marriage to 30. The remaining 20 States still prohibit same-sex marriage. The judge did not explain why he decided not to deal with the problem.
On October 20 14, 165438+ 13 10, the supreme law of the United States allowed Kansas to become the 33rd state in the United States where same-sex marriage was legal. At the same time, 1 federal judge declared the ban on same-sex marriage in South Carolina invalid, and same-sex marriage advocates won two major victories. 1October 4th, 165438+ Judge Clay Butry of the Federal District Court announced that the prohibition of same-sex marriage in Kansas violated the principle of "equal legal protection" in the US Constitution, and Kansas officials' request for the court to overturn this judgment was rejected.
On June 26th, 20 15, the Supreme Court ruled that same-sex marriage is everyone's right.
20 15 On June 26th, Washington, USA, the Supreme Court declared that same-sex couples have the right to get married in 50 states in the United States. President Obama tweeted that the ruling was a big step towards equality. Thirty-six states and Washington, D.C. allow same-sex marriage, but the Supreme Court's ruling on Friday means that the remaining 14 states can no longer prohibit same-sex couples from getting married.
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References:
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