The plot is bizarre and touching.
There are many stories about dreams in ancient times, from the dream butterfly of Zhuang Zhou to the dream of Huang Liang, from Uncle Dugu to Three Dreams. There are more than 60 stories about dreams in Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, and Fengyang Scholar is one of the most bizarre and moving stories with high artistic achievements.
Fengyang scholar breaks through the tradition of taking men as the main body and takes the scholar's wife as the first perspective. It tells the story that he finally got to know his husband with the help of a beautiful woman because of his eagerness, but after seeing his wife and the beautiful woman, his attention was completely attracted by the beautiful woman, regardless of her presence, flirting with the beautiful woman and entering the boudoir with him. The scholar's wife left angrily. After seeing her brother, she complained about her husband's behavior. The younger brother was very angry, but he returned to Liren's residence and lifted a big stone to kill his brother-in-law. But the scholar's wife complained that his brother had gone too far, and his brother gave him a push in anger. He was surprised to find that it was a dream. The next day, the husband really came back, and so did his wife and brother. When chatting, they found that they had the same dream last night. Why do three people have the same dream? Who is the beauty of dreams? Or ghosts or foxes, for readers to daydream.
The story is only a thousand words, but it has successfully shaped the image of a scholar, his wife, his brother-in-law and a beautiful woman, and constructed a bizarre story, which makes people feel like a dream and can't help but marvel. The scholar's wife is the theme and clue of the story, and it is also the character image that the author tries to shape, which is intriguing to read.
Crazy about a taxi wife
Scholar's wife is infatuated. Pu Songling shows the image of an infatuated woman through the actions, demeanor and language of a scholar's wife. In ancient times, scholars often traveled abroad. Before leaving, the Fengyang scholar told his wife that he would come back in half a year. After waiting for ten months, there was no news. In ancient times, communication was not as convenient as it is now, so the wife had to "look forward" every day, stand on tiptoe every day, and look at the image of the wife in the distance.
On this day, my wife went to bed as usual, but she felt "the moon was teetering and her thoughts were lingering" The lonely and sad environment set off her yearning. The beautiful woman came in and asked her wife if she wanted to see her husband, but she was "in a hurry to answer". In order to see her husband, she didn't even dare to think about who was coming. Although it was getting late, she insisted on taking the beautiful woman to find her husband. At this time, although the wife has fallen asleep, she is eager to see her husband.
Although the songs sung by the beauties at the banquet are sung by literati, the content of the songs is a true portrayal of literati and poets. First, it is windy and rainy, and at dusk, one person removes makeup. Where can I chat with people to relieve boredom? Looking through the autumn water, I didn't see the scholar coming home, "tears like hemp." In this situation, the wife who misses her husband can't help crying.
The last lyric best describes his wife's infatuation psychology: "I miss him and hate him, holding Hong Xiuxie's divination board in my hand." The wife, who has nowhere to relieve her anguish and yearning, has to take embroidered shoes as divination, thinking whether the shoes are facing the husband or the husband, she should come and throw them out to see if they are the same. But after all, this is just a divination game in which young boudoir women expect their husbands to return. Where are the truly ungrateful people?
Taxi's weak wife
In the patriarchal society, everything starts from men's values, and women are only men's accessories and even tools. The wife of a scholar has no financial ability, and her usual education is "three obedience and four virtues", so even in her dreams, her wife must obey her husband.
On the one hand, an spoony wife, and on the other hand, a playboy husband, such a combination is often accompanied by tragedy. In my dream, my wife is eager to see her husband. As a result, after meeting, the scholar was just "scared" and asked "where to go". Since then, all her attention has been attracted by that attractive beauty.
Beautiful women hold banquets at home, and the word "staggered" is extremely ambiguous. In ancient times, the foot was a very private part, and it was too much for scholars and beautiful women to accompany each other. But scholars want to go further, so they pay close attention to beauty and "repeatedly choose words by swimming" The beauty also responded enthusiastically, saying that "beautiful eyes flow, rumors are hidden", which made the scholars unable to hold back and lost their minds, but turned a blind eye to their wives who had not seen each other for ten months.
In this regard, how does the wife behave? A woman can only sit in silence and pretend to be a fool. In this case, the wife just sat there quietly, pretending to be a fool. How sad she was! Then the beauty pretended to be drunk and left the banquet, and the scholar followed. He didn't come back for a long time, leaving only the scholar's wife sitting awkwardly at the dinner, and the handmaiden next to the beauty fell asleep in the porch.
My wife wants to go home, but now it's getting late and she can't remember the way home. The phrase "tossing and turning" describes her psychological state of being on pins and needles and uncertain about whether to stay or not. The wife should also be able to guess what the scholar and the beautiful woman did. Later, she couldn't sit still, so she went to the scholar. As a result, she heard that her husband and a beautiful woman were having sex under the window, and she couldn't help but be furious.
I haven't seen you for ten months, so I want to talk to my husband about the pain of lovesickness. I didn't expect a scholar to be sentimental about beautiful women. Pu Songling described his wife's grief and indignation as "shaking hands and heart", but his wife's subsequent psychology and behavior aroused great sympathy and pity from readers: his wife "accidentally went out of the ravine to die" and "acted resentfully". When the husband made a mistake, the wife not only couldn't stop it, but also wanted to die of shame and finally left angrily. This has to be said to be the sorrow of women in feudal times!
Conflicting taxi wife
Scholars and beauties are at odds, and wives naturally resent it, but they are powerless to change it. In feudal society, men could have three wives and four concubines, and women could only stay in boudoir. A little problem with style is felony. A wife can only tolerate her husband's behavior, but she doesn't want to stop there. Since she can't interfere with the behavior of the scholar's husband, she can also use external forces.
It happened that my wife met my brother Saburo on my way home. When my brother heard about my sister, he was furious and immediately took my sister back to the United States to settle accounts with my brother-in-law. Unexpectedly, the brother-in-law and the beautiful woman are still telling love stories with the doors and windows closed. My brother got angry and threw a big stone at the window. The window was broken and the scholar was killed. Anger, Sister Stand Up, Lift a Rock Like a Fight vividly shows a reckless and just younger brother, but in fact indirectly expresses the wife's desire to teach her husband a lesson.
However, when the husband was found dead, the wife suddenly panicked. In feudal times, women had no economic status, and when they lost their husbands, they lost their dependence. The wife originally just wanted to give her husband a little color to see see, but she didn't think that life was a matter of life. "Startled" and "cried" show that the wife was shocked and scared at first, and then she cried. From a close point of view, at that time, the wife and brother killed the scholar by mistake, and the punishment was extremely heavy. In the long run, the wife became a widow, lost her financial resources, and her life was worrying. Therefore, the wife is complaining about her brother's heavy hand, and the phrase "now and what" shows her confusion and confusion incisively and vividly.
Deep psychological analysis of grotesque dreams
In the past, articles on analyzing Fengyang scholars from a psychological point of view mostly focused on the wives, scholars and their brothers-in-law. For example, the oppression and bondage of the corporal's wife in feudal shackles, the fear of her husband's love for flowers outside, the scholar's psychology of liking the new and hating the old, the brother-in-law's protection for her sister and so on. , analyzed the subconscious displayed in the dream, but failed to analyze the deepest social and psychological reasons, so to speak.
Jung's collective unconsciousness is simply a common spirit of the same type left in the deepest part of human psychology since the birth of mankind. It is a primitive instinct that will be awakened under certain conditions. Collective unconsciousness is everywhere, which has a profound influence on our human thinking and behavior.
From the perspective of men, in primitive society, in order to maintain the purity of tribal lineage, women from their own tribe are often forbidden to have relations with men from other tribes, so there will be behaviors of worrying about women getting along with other men. From the perspective of women, after entering the patriarchal society, women are at a disadvantage for a long time. In order to attract men to constantly improve their charm, they are also worried that strong men will find another lover. This psychological anxiety of men and women is left over by the collective unconscious.
It is not surprising to read Fengyang Scholar from the perspective of collective unconsciousness. The scholar's wife can't be as determined as a man because of her physical disadvantage and low social status, so she is worried about her husband's infidelity, but she dare not act too violently, and the marriage relationship between the two sexes presents a more complicated state.
abstract
As the saying goes, "Three nights in the same dream, who dreams in two places", Pu Songling can't get rid of his time, so his dream still embodies the characteristics of a patriarchal society. However, Pu Songling and his wife Liu have deep feelings. Perhaps because of this, Pu Songling shows sympathy for women in many works, and so does this book "Fengyang Scholar", which not only tells a dream of combining fantasy with reality from a female perspective, but also,
Through the psychological description of the gentleman's wife and others, the description of his wife's dream and the environment at the banquet, and the description of the characters' action language, the full text shows Pu Songling's superb narrative art and profoundly expounds the connotation of dream culture. A model of fantasy stories, Pu Songling deserves to be regarded as the most accomplished writer of China's ancient short stories.