1, tremolite jade
Another kind of tremolite nephrite is produced in Xiyugou, Pianling Town, just separated from Wagou by a ridge. The local people generally call it Old Fish or Western Regions. This kind of jade is extremely delicate and tough, with Mohs hardness of 6-6.5, slightly transparent, and a small amount of pure white, mostly yellow-white, bluish-white and turquoise, among which yellow-white old jade is the top grade.
There are also two very famous Hemoyu and Shibaoyu in Xiuyan, which also belong to tremolite nephrite in mineralogy. Hemu fish is produced in the gravel of river bed, so it is named because of the long-term erosion caused by the friction between river water and gravel and the exhaustion of edges and corners. Stone-clad jade, with the same appearance and shape as rock, is rich and hard in stone skin, and is mostly distributed under the surface between the valleys of Xiyugou. Tremolite jade is higher than serpentine jade because of its good quality and relatively small output.
2. serpentine jade
Serpentine jade, that is, jade in the ordinary sense. Mainly produced in Wagou area, Hadabei Town, Xiuyan. There are about 1.76 million tons of mineral deposits and 76 jade ore bodies in the valley with the length exceeding 10, which is the largest jade producing area in China. Serpentine jade is rich in color, including light green, emerald green, dark green, white, yellow, light yellow, gray, etc., but green is the main color.
Among them, bright green, good transparency, no cracks, less cotton and no discoloration are definitely high-grade jade materials. The hardness of serpentine jade is not high, the Mohs hardness is between 2.5 and 5.5, and the hardness of ordinary glass is between 5 and 6, so serpentine jade cannot be used to scrape glass.
In addition, serpentine jade has another disadvantage, that is, it runs out of color. In fact, with the change of the external environment, almost all jade will have color changes. The color of serpentine jade is obvious, which is said to be related to the change of crystal water content of serpentine ore.
3, through flash-serpentine jade
This kind of jade is a combination of serpentine jade and tremolite jade. It is green and white, a bit like jade. It was originally called "fake jade". Later, it felt that the fake word was not very good, so it gradually evolved into "Cui Jia", and some people called it "Cui Jia". Cui Jia is basically opaque or slightly transparent, mainly green and white, white is tremolite and green is serpentine, and its hardness is similar to that of glass, ranging from 5 to 6.
Extended data:
The technological characteristics of Xiuyan jade carving can be summarized as follows:
1, according to the material, starting from the material, material color, shape, etc. , maximize the use of jade materials; Gouge out dirty clothes (dirty clothes and clothes are taboo in jade articles. The purpose of scooping out jade is to remove impurities and make it purer and brighter. Large jade carvings are generally difficult to find jade materials without impurities. We should try our best to dig out dirt and make the best use of materials. Natural cracks in jade are caused by natural forces, cold and hot changes and other factors.
2. Turning defects into jade, xiuyan jade's rich colors and jade provide a good foundation for skillfully using pretty colors, and also make xiuyan jade products more exquisite.
3. Internal carving, that is, carving two or three layers of scenery inside and outside on a piece of jade material, is the "unique skill" of jade carving industry; Line combination is the application of industrial line and assembly technology in Xiuyu handicrafts; In addition, the mosaic technology combines jade materials of different colors to make the finishing touch, which also adds icing on the cake to jade carving works.
Baidu Encyclopedia-xiuyan jade
Baidu encyclopedia-Xiuyan jade carving