Plum blossoms can be propagated by grafting, cutting, layering and sowing. As rootstocks, plums or peaches are commonly used in the south, and apricots, wild apricots or wild apricots are used in the north. Apricot and Prunus armeniaca are excellent rootstocks of plum blossom, with high grafting survival rate and strong cold tolerance, especially in the north. Usually cutting, splitting, tongue, abdomen or abutment, after the rootstock germinates in spring; Abdominal connection can also be done in autumn. You can also use winter leisure for tongue joint. As for docking, old plum trees are mostly connected with young plum trees, both in spring and autumn. Bud grafting is carried out from June to September, and shield bud grafting is often used. When budding in the Yangtze River basin, the grafted buds can have thicker xylem. Northern bud grafting can take very fine xylem or no xylem at all, or square bud grafting can be used. Prunus mume hardwood cuttings are mostly used in the Yangtze River basin. Generally, annual branches with the length of110-15 cm are cut in10. Due to different varieties, the survival rate varies greatly, and the highest can reach more than 80%. Before cutting, if the cuttings are quickly soaked in 500ppm indobutyric acid aqueous solution, they are girdled with a sharp knife, and the girdled part is buried 3-4 cm deep in the soil, and then cut off from the mother body after autumn for planting. High pressure is a method used to cultivate large seedlings, which can be carried out in rainy season. In order to cultivate rootstocks or new varieties, seed method can be used for propagation. Cleaning and drying mature seeds, and sowing in autumn; You can also mix water, less stratification, and sow next spring. If breeding is the goal, sowing in summer is better.

2. Plum blossom cultivation can be divided into garden cultivation, cut flower cultivation, bonsai cultivation and delayed flowering cultivation. The most important thing in garden cultivation is to adapt the land and trees. First of all, choose a suitable place. Pay attention to the theme of plum blossom when planting, with evergreen trees such as pine and bamboo as background and guest scenery. Generally, 2-5-year-old seedlings can be planted individually or in clusters or groups. For large-scale cultivation of Meilin, Meiling or Meishan, sunny slope or feat sunny slope should be selected, with a distance of 3-5 meters, and it should be planted closely in nature. After digging tree holes, apply sufficient base fertilizer, replant, water after planting, and strengthen management. In order to shape plum trees into a unique and gratifying shape, it is generally necessary to cut them lightly, mainly by thinning, supplemented by short cutting. Generally, fertilizer should be applied three times in the growing season, that is, basic fertilizer, such as cake fertilizer, compost, manure and so on. , should be applied in autumn to early winter; Apply quick-acting fertilizer as soon as possible before germination, such as human excrement and urea. It is "promoting flower fertilizer"; After the new shoots stop growing at the end of June and the beginning of July, it is necessary to properly control water and apply quick-acting fertilizers such as calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride to promote flower bud differentiation. Attention should be paid to flower management, including irrigation, drainage, weeding and pest control. When the main purpose is to produce cut flowers, we should plant them in pieces in the open space. The row spacing between plants can be reduced to 3 meters by 3 meters, and the stem is about 30 cm. We should prune them again and apply more fertilizer to make the long branches swell. As a variety of cut flowers, it requires vigorous growth and dense flowers every year. Green calyx and jade butterfly are the best cut flowers.

Prunes are resistant to pruning, have strong branching ability, and are easy to form flower buds, so they are suitable for potted plants. The surviving seedlings will be cultivated in the open field for several years and put into pots at the end of the year. Pot soil should be loose and fertile, with a layer of bricks or coarse clods at the bottom to facilitate drainage. Prune before and after planting. Take measures such as destroying, tying brown silk, winding iron wire, chopping with an axe and burning to achieve the effects of "sparse, soft, vigorous and natural", and avoid rigid forms such as "downwind plum", "knotted plum", "screen plum" and "dragon snake plum". Pruning plum piles and pots should be more important than opening plum blossoms. Potted plum blossoms should be watered moderately, too wet will easily cause yellow leaves and dry green leaves to fall off. When the new branches grow to about 30 cm (about June), it is necessary to properly control the water content and carry out additional topdressing to promote flower bud differentiation. Before flowering, put it in a cold room facing the sun, and then move it indoors to watch it when it is in bud. After flowering, the intensity should be cut short, and it should still be moved to the open field for cultivation to restore its vitality.

Plum blossoms are suitable for delaying flowering, and can be cultivated during the Spring Festival, May 1 ST, July 1 ST and National Day. They should be watered frequently to keep the air humidity. It should be placed in a sunny place, and moved to low temperature when the bud is exposed, and the budding state can last for 65,438+00-20 days. If you give 15-20OC, it will bloom in a week or so. In order to extend the viewing period, the newly released plum blossoms are moved to around 10oC. If it is open on May Day, potted plum blossoms with rich buds can be placed in a cold room slightly above freezing point and gradually moved out until the middle of April of the following year; If you want to blossom before the National Day, you should "withhold water" in time after the new shoots grow to 30 cm, topdressing again, and remove all the leaves, and then treat them with low temperature and high temperature in turn to promote the flower buds to bloom on the eve of the National Day.