First, there are three sources: 1, which originated in the Western Zhou Dynasty and took the official position as the surname. In ancient times, some people valued Li, who was an official in charge of heaven and earth. I used to care about Li. When Wang Xuanshi, Cheng Bo divorced his father and went to Sima's house to be an official. He was in charge of the national army and assisted the government with great power. Ke Fang played an important role in divorcing his father. The Zhou royal family allowed him to take his official position as his surname and later became Sima. 2. Si Marui, the Emperor of Jin Dynasty, changed his surname to Sima at birth, and later became Sima. 3. Xu Shi and Hao changed it. This is Mu Zhi and Hao Yun. Their descendants? Uranium? What is the difference? Sima lived in Hanoi (now Henan Province). 2. Migration and distribution. 3. Tang Nuo is a prosperous county. Harno. Taishitang: Sima Tan and Sima Qian were both Taishitong in Han Dynasty, and Sima Qian continued his father Sima Tan to write historical records. In Song Dynasty, Sima Guang wrote "Zi Tong Zhi Jian". County: Outside Hanoi County, Sima Wang. On the occasion of Chu and Han dynasties. In today's Henan province, Wuxian area on the north bank of the Yellow River. Sima Guang, a famous historical figure: historian of Han Dynasty, minister of Beining, word strategist, from Xia County, Shaanxi Province. Baoyuan Jinshi, official to Tianzhangge, waiting system, knowing the suggestion court. During the reign of Emperor Yingzong, he entered the Tulongge Bachelor's degree, presented eight volumes of Tongzhi, and ordered a game to continue his studies. At the beginning of Zongshen, he served as an academician and served as a bachelor. Tongzhi was named Tongzhi Jian. It is a famous chronicle work of China. Sima Qian: a historian and writer of the Western Han Dynasty, a native of Xiayang, the son of Taishiling Sima Tan. As a novice doctor, Yuan Feng's stepfather served as Taishiling for three years. He read the old history hidden by the historian and explained it again. He angered Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and was imprisoned. After he got out of prison, he worked as a secretary. He is still trying to write a book. Twelve years later, he wrote China's first biography, General History, called Taishi Gongshu. After the Three Kingdoms, it was called Historical Records. The book covers more than 3,000 years of historical events from the Yellow Emperor to the Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, with 130 articles and more than 526,000 words. Sima Xiangru, a Ci-Fu writer in the Western Han Dynasty, was born in Chengdu. Jingdi is the official servant of Wuqi.

east

First, trace back to the source 1, from ancient Fu. One of Fu's grandsons is named, who has been in charge of Qingyang order in the East for generations because of the location of the earthquake (the location of the earthquake in the eight diagrams dominates the East). His descendants named it Dongfang Ming and called it Dongfang Stone. 2. From Zhang, a descendant of writers in the Han Dynasty. His real name is Zhang. His father Zhang Yi died before he was born, and his mother Tian died three days after he was born. His right neighbor raised him. Because he was born at dawn in the east, he was named Dong Fangshuo. His son and grandson take the East as their surname and call it the East. 2. Tangwangjun's serial number "Sihetang": Dong Fangshuo of Han Dynasty, humorous and good at ci and fu. On one occasion, the emperor gave meat to ministers on social day (the day of offering sacrifices to the kitchen god). Before the ministers arrived, Dong Fangshuo cut himself a piece of meat and took it home. The emperor told him to blame himself, and he bowed down and said, "It is rude not to give a letter; Draw your sword and cut yourself, He Zhuang also; Not much cutting, He Lian also; " To the Western Army and He Ren. I am a man, how rude it is to accept the emperor's gift without waiting for the imperial edict to cut it for me! The courage to draw a sword and commit suicide! Although I cut it myself, I didn't cut much. How clean it is! How nice it is to go home and give the meat to my wife! The emperor smiled and said, "It is even more flattering to let your mother blame herself." I told you to blame yourself, but you praised yourself. ) and gave him a piece of meat. Oriental family named "Sihetang". County Hope: Jinan County: In the Western Han Dynasty, part of the land in Qixian County was set aside and Jinan County was established. It is equivalent to the area around Linzi, Shandong. Pingyuan County: A county was established in the Western Han Dynasty. It is equivalent to the plain area of Shandong Province now. Dong Fangshuo was a minister, writer and famous historical figure in the Western Han Dynasty. When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Dong Fangshuo wrote a letter recommending himself, claiming that he was well-read and could be a minister. Emperor Wu was very surprised when he saw it, so he appointed him as an official position. Later, the official doctor gave it to him. He is humorous and a bit cynical. He was called a "madman" in the palace, but he dared to call a spade a spade on some major issues, and his views were often to the point. There are many legends about him. Because people seldom know his life experience, some people say that he is a "long-lived star". According to legend, he once said to his colleagues, "No one in the world knows who I am except the big prince." Knowing this sentence after the death of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he called the maharaja for questioning. The maharaja was surprised and said, "I don't know!" " Emperor Wu thought for a moment and asked, "Do you have any special skills?" The eldest prince replied, "I like to observe the stars and calculate the calendar." Emperor Wu asked again, "Are there any anomalies in the astrology these years?" The eldest prince replied, "All the other stars are normal, except Jupiter, which has not been seen for 18 years and has only recently reappeared." Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sighed, "Here we are." Dong Fangshuo and I have been together for eighteen years, but I never knew he was a long-lived star. "Oriental Autumn: Zuo's and Gong's in Tang Dynasty. When Wuhou visited Longmen in Luonan, he was ordered to write poems with civil servants, and the eastern autumn was prepared first, and Wuhou gave him a brocade robe. Oriental Sage: Bachelor of Tang Dynasty, one of the eighteen bachelors of Shexiang Pavilion in Kaiyuan.

Tokgo

First, trace back to the northern Xianbei tribe in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Liu, a descendant of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty. Liu Jinbo, the grandson of Liu Fu, the son of Liu Xiu, was imprisoned in Dushan (present-day Haicheng, Liaoning Province) because he failed in his crusade against Xiongnu. His descendants have a corpse, Khan, who is the king of Coulee and passed it on to Luo Chen, the sixth sun. He moved to Luoyang with Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, so he was a native of Henan and named Dugu after his tribe. Second, the county is distributed in Henan County: Emperor Gaozu set up the county in Gaodi. It is equivalent to the area around Luoyang City, Henan Province. Levin County: A county was established in the Northern Wei Dynasty. It is equivalent to the area around Gaoyang County, Hebei Province. Third, the historical celebrities in the Sui Dynasty were Du and Du Gusheng, both of whom held important positions. In the Tang Dynasty, there was no shortage of Du Guyu and the poet Du Jigu. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, there were Duke Wei, Duke Gu Xin and his son Duke Luo of Shu. Dugu is a descendant of Liu Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Liu Jinbo, the general of Guandu Liao, was captured by Xiongnu and imprisoned at the foot of Dushan Mountain. He was the king of Coulee and was named the Dugu Department. His sixth grandson, Luo Chen, moved to Luo with Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty and took Dugu as his surname. County view: Levin County (now Levin, Hebei Province). He became famous in the street. His bachelor's degree made him a good husband, and his daughter was a noble person. He said that Luoyang people in the Tang Dynasty were lonely and depressed, and their words were ancient. When he was a child, his father Du Guhe asked him about his ambition, and he replied, "I want to be famous in the future." In the early years of Yuanhe, the system was advanced, officials filled vacancies, and Hanlin learned soil. Minister Quan Deyu attached great importance to him and married his daughter to him. Xianzong once said: "I didn't expect Deyu to have such a good husband!" The second couplet says that in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, people were lonely and believed in riding and shooting, while in the Eastern Wei Dynasty, officials were in charge of Jingzhou military affairs. Later, he ran to Nanliang, where he was the magistrate of eleven prefectures in Longyou and the secretariat of Qin Zhou. At the beginning of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the official was a big shot and was ordered to defend the country. Elegant demeanor, clever conception, everywhere, are welcomed by people. The eldest daughter is Ming Di of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, four are Yuan Zhen, the mother of Tang Gaozu, and seven are Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty.

Murong

Murong inherited the virtues of ancestors Mo Hupo and Mueryi, and took Murong as his surname.

Murong, a descendant of the Yellow Emperor, was forced to retreat to Xianbei Mountain (Daxinganling, now Inner Mongolia) by Xiongnu during the Qin and Han Dynasties in 206 BC. From 220 to 226 AD, his ancestor Mo Hubao led his troops to live in western Liaoning. In 238 AD, he conquered Gongsun Yuan from Wei Sima Yi, worshipped the righteous king and established his capital in Ji Cheng (now Xingyi County, Liaoning Province). After Murong Mu Yan, Segui Murong gradually developed to Liaodong. Feeling that Mr. Murong had been isolated from the Central Plains for a long time, and was backward in politics, economy and culture, he worked hard to improve himself, followed the trend, was determined to reform, attached importance to agriculture, mulberry and Confucianism, learned from the advanced political culture of the Central Plains, and carried out all-round reforms in politics, economy, social organizations, culture and education, living habits and art. , completed the transformation from fishing and hunting economy to farming economy and society, and laid the foundation for Murong's rise.

Since then, Murong's heroes have come forth in large numbers, competing for the Central Plains, and successively established Yan Qian, Houyan, Xiyan and Southern Yan. In 337, Murong Mu became king in Longcheng (Chaoyang, Liaoning) and established Yan Qian. In 352, Murong Jun proclaimed himself emperor in Ji Cheng (southwest of Beijing) and later moved his capital to Yecheng (north of Linzhang, Hebei). Due to internal division, Yan Qian's national strength weakened and even perished. Later, in 384, Dou Wuzi proclaimed himself emperor, made its capital in Zhongshan State (now Dingxian County, Hebei Province), recovered its territory, and destroyed Xiyan, who died in the Northern Wei Dynasty in the Tuoba Department of Xianbei. In 400 AD, Murong De, the youngest son of Dou, established the Southern Yan in Huatai (now hua county, Henan Province), moved to Guanggu, Shandong Province (now northwest of Yidu, Qingzhou, Shandong Province), and died in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Second, the county looks at the hall number "Liaodong Hall": Murong Hui occupied Yanbei and Liaodong, claiming to be Xianbei Khan, belonging to the Jin Dynasty. In the early years of Taixing in the Jin Dynasty, it was named "Duke of Liaodong", and Murong took "Liaodong" as the hall name. Looking at Dunhuang County by County: In the Han Dynasty, part of Jiuquan County was set as a county. It is equivalent to the area west of Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province. Yanmen County: During the Warring States Period, Zhao Wuling was the king county. Qin and Han dynasties followed. It is equivalent to the area around Daixian County in Shanxi Province. Three, the former Yan historical celebrities are Fu Murong Ke (the son of Murong Mu), the later Yan has the champion general, the bachelor wrote Murong Shan, the Sui Dynasty has the general Murong Sanzang, the Song Dynasty has the proofreader Qiu Murong Zhaoyan, and the punishments minister Murong Yanchao. Murong Ke and his sixth grandson, Murong Shaozong, are descendants of the Tang and Song Dynasties, and they deserve to enjoy the temple in Wu Wang.

4. Distribution: There are more than 10,000 Mu people in Muzhuang Village, wen county City, Henan Province, and Jia Cun, Wuzhi South. Their genealogy is very clear. It was moved from Wei Jun (now Xinxiang, Henan Province) by Sun Mingchu, who was in charge of supervising the imperial history in the Yuan Dynasty. These two villages have epitaphs written by Yu Ji, a great scholar in Yuan Dynasty, and Xu Shijing, a learned scholar. It can be clearly seen that this man is Murong San, a general in the early years of Sui Dynasty.

Tuoba

First, trace back to 1, Tuoba Fu is a descendant of the Yellow Emperor. According to legend, the Yellow Emperor married Lei Zu and gave birth to a son. Changyi married the daughter of Shushan and gave birth to Zhuan Xu of Levin. Changyi's child Ziyun was sealed in the north of China. The Yellow Emperor takes the virtue of the earth as the king. Xianbei people call "Tu" Tuo and "Hou" Postscript, so they take "Tuoba" as their surname, which means descendants of the Yellow Emperor. During the reform of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the royal family was changed to Yuan's. Outside the royal family, De Tuoba became a common surname, and it was still Tuoba's, which had nothing to do with the royal family. 2. In the Western Han Dynasty, the surname Li was changed to Tuoba. Second, the county is located in Yingchuan County: During the Warring States Period, the State of Qin established a county, which is equivalent to the present Xuchang area in Henan Province. Yanmen County: During the Warring States Period, Zhao Weijia County was equivalent to Daixian County in Shanxi Province. Third, the historical celebrity Tuoba Pi: Queen Wei Leping, thanks to meritorious service, worshipped the general. Tuoba Kexi: Commander-in-Chief of Wei Dynasty. /kloc-when he was 0/7 years old, when he was hunting with Emperor Mao, he met a tiger and gave it to Emperor Mao with his bare hands. Tuoba Plain: After Wei and Jin Dynasties, the secretariat paid tribute to General Zhennan. When Emperor Xiaowen was in power, the demon Liu Ju claimed to be the son of heaven, and Ping Yuanjun personally requested.

Linghu

Surname source: Linghu Garden is from Wei. Wei Ke, a general of the State of Jin, once led an army to fight against the army of the State of Qin. Wei Ke met Du Hui, a brave general of the State of Qin. Wei is no match for Du Hui, so he can only fight and retreat. Dukou was about to catch up, but he was tripped by an old man with a thatched rope. Wei Ke quickly caught Du Kou and finally defeated Qin Jun. It turned out that this old man was the father of Zuji, Wei Ke's father's favorite concubine. When Niu Wei's father died, Wei Ke insisted that Zuji should not be buried with her father, but let her remarry someone else. Zuji's father came to repay Wei Ke for saving his daughter this time. After Wei Keli made this meritorious service, Duke Jing of Jin awarded Hu Ling (now west of Linyi County, Shanxi Province). The son of Wei Ke later took the place name of his father's fief as his surname, which was called Linghu's. Historical celebrities: Ling Huchu, a minister and poet in the Tang Dynasty, was born in Huayuan, Yizhou. He has served as an official in Zhongshu Dailang, Shangshu, Servant Shooting and other places with outstanding achievements. He often sings with famous poets Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi, and Li Shangyin comes from his family, but he doesn't write many good poems himself?

surname

First, trace back to the source Xuanyuan compound surname is the grandson of the Yellow Emperor, from the Xiong family, also known as the surname. The Yellow Emperor once lived in the hill of Xuanyuan, hence the name Xuanyuan, and the descendants of the Yellow Emperor called Xuanyuan. According to legend, the Yellow Emperor made the clothes of Xuanmian and taught the people to make clothes, so it was called Xuanyuan. According to ancient legend, Xuanyuan is a giant salamander, and the giant salamander becomes a dragon, which is the totem of Xuanyuan tribe. Second, the name of the county magistrate is "Taixiatang": in the Tang Dynasty, there was Xuanyuan, and the Taoist priest lived in Luofu Mountain. When he 100 years old, he is still not old. He sat in a dark room, staring at dozens of feet away. Author of Taixia 12. Tang Wuzong summoned him and asked about the spell of immortality. Xuanyuan Ji said, "Its sound is unique, its taste is thin, its sadness is consistent with joy, its virtue is not biased, and the reason why Tang lived long!" (Yao Shunyu Tang lived a long life because they cut off decadent voices and womanhood, were not gluttonous, shared joys and sorrows, were not sad for it, were virtuous to others, and were selfless. The county looks at Xuanyuan, whose surname is Fu, and the famous families live in Shangdang (now Changzhi, Shanxi) and Heyang (now Heyang County, Shaanxi). Third, the historical celebrity Xuanyuan: Huangdi. Legend has it that the Yellow Emperor's surname was Gongsun, and later he changed his surname to Ji because he was born in Jishui. There are bears in China, so they are also called Xiongshi. Fight against Chiyou in the land of Zhuolu and slay Chiyou. He also defeated Emperor Yan in Hanquan, and his ministers respected him as the son of heaven to replace Shennong. Because of the virtue of soil, it is yellow, so it is called the Yellow Emperor. Xuanyuan Mimi: a poet in Tang Dynasty. Good poem, saying that his poem hit the floor. Xuanyuan is the first surname in China. According to legend, Xuanyuan lived in Xuanyuan Valley (now northwest of Xinzheng County, Henan Province) because of the Yellow Emperor, and his son took the land as his surname. This is an ancient family with a history of 5000 years, which is rare now. 1994 Yangcheng evening news published the only family named Xuanyuan, which said that Xuanyuan, Taiwan Province Province, came to the mainland to seek roots and found the Xuanyuan family somewhere in northern Jiangsu. Many newspapers reprinted this article at that time. In fact, there is also a family named Xuanyuan in Shanghai, which is two brothers. It originated in Bengbu, Anhui Province and moved to Shanghai in 193 1 and 1945 respectively. 1986 There was a party at Xuanyuan's house, which was roughly counted. In Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai and other places, it is distributed in 10 counties, with thousands of Xuanyuan families and a population of about 20,000.

surname

1. Tracing back to the source 1. During the Spring and Autumn Period, a doctor from the State of Zheng lived in Ximen, the capital of the State of Zheng, and his descendants named him Ximen. 2. During the Warring States Period, Ximen Bao was ordered by Wei (now Southwest Ye Town, Hebei County), and later people took Ximen as their surname. Later, someone changed Simon's compound surname to Xi Shi's single surname. Second, the distribution of Simon's compound surnames in the county shows that aristocratic families live in Liang Jun and Wei Jun. Wei County: The county where Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty lived. Ye County is located in the southwest of Linzhang County, Hebei Province. 3. Historical celebrity Ximen Bao: Wei and Man in the Warring States Period. Together with the people, he opened 12 canals to divert water to irrigate the fields, which solved the irrigation problem. Also let people throw wizards into the Zhanghe River, and get rid of the bad habit of "Hebo marries".

surname

I. Tracing back to the source 1. According to legend, after the fall of Borg, the descendants of Boyi, a branch of Ge's family who originally lived in various counties of Langye County, moved to Yang Du. Because Yang Du had the name Agger, it was called Zhuge. 2. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Qi had a surname, surname, which was changed to Zhuge after Xiong. 3. During Guangwu Uprising, Ying Ge, a general at the end of Qin Dynasty, repeatedly made meritorious military service, but was killed by Chen Sheng who listened to rumors. Emperor Wen of the Western Han Dynasty named Ying Ge's grandson as the marquis of each county, and later generations took Zhuge as their surname and called Zhuge's. Second, the county looks at the hall number "Sangutang": At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Bei met Zhuge Liang in the thatched cottage and later worshipped Zhuge Liang as the prime minister. Wolongtang: Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Nanyang at first, comparing himself with Guan Zhong and Le Yi. His place of residence is Wolong, and he is called "Mr. Wolong". County Wang Zhuge Fu's noble family lives in Langye County. Qin Shihuang settled in the county seat. It is equivalent to Zhucheng County, Linyi County and Jiaonan County in Shandong Province. Third, Zhuge Liang, a famous historical figure, was a statesman and strategist in Shu during the Three Kingdoms period. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he lived in seclusion in Longzhong, Deng County (now Xiangyang West, Hubei Province) and paid attention to the world. Liu Bei paid attention to the Caotang. He proposed to Liu Bei to occupy Jing (now Hunan and Hubei) and Iraq (now Sichuan), unite with Sun Quan, fight against Cao Cao, and unify the whole country (that is, "Longzhong's confrontation"), and he has since become Liu Bei's main counselor. He helped Liu Bei win the victory in Battle of Red Cliffs, occupied Jing and Yi, and established the Shu-Han regime. Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, and he became prime minister. After Liu Bei's death, Liu Chan was assisted by the testamentary edict. In the first year of Jianxing, the Prime Minister sealed the marquis of Wuxiang and took charge of Yizhou animal husbandry. Determined to attack Wei and restore the Central Plains, Naidong and Sun Quan and Nanping Meng Huo set out for the Northern Expedition, and went out of Qishan for many years. After that, they died in Wuzhangyuan (now southwest of Mianxian County, Shaanxi Province) and were buried in Dingjun Mountain at the age of 54. There are "Zhuge Wuhou Collection" and "A Model" as his masterpieces. Zhu Gejin: Zi Yuzi, Zhuge Liang's younger brother. At the beginning, it was Sun Quan, a long history, who turned to Sima. Sun Quan sent Zhu Gejin to let Shu Tong be Liu Bei's good friend and go to see Zhuge Liang's guild, which was selfless. After Liu Bei attacked Wu, some people said that they secretly sent their relatives to Shu. Sun Quan said, "A lonely son is not as good as a lonely son." Sun, the newly-born son, became a general, leaving behind all the care guides and leading Yuzhou animal husbandry. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Ke was the capital of the Kingdom of Wu, Zhuge Hui was shot by the right servant of the ministers in the Jin Dynasty, Zhuge Xu was born in the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhuge Shuang was a proofreader in the Tang Dynasty, and Zhuge Gao was a famous pen maker in the Song Dynasty.