The loess system in Qingyang city was deposited in the fourth season, and the soil layer was slightly red and yellow, reflecting the climatic characteristics of different geological ages. The surface soil is more diverse, including sandy soil and clayey soil. Among them, the black loessial soil has a large area, which is one of the few areas suitable for agriculture and arable land in China. Based on this, Qingyang is the birthplace of farming civilization in China.