The unique ethnic customs of Hainan Island.

National customs

The residents of Hainan Province belong to Han, Li, Miao, Hui, Tibetan, Yi, Zhuang, Manchu, Dong, Yao, Bai, Dai, Wa, She, Shui, Jing, Tu, Mongolian, Buyi, Korean, Tujia, Hani, Yi and Gaoshan. There are Li, Miao, Hui and Han nationalities living in the world. For thousands of years, the primitive and unique ethnic customs have made the island's social outlook more colorful. Among them, the most distinctive is the living customs of Li and Miao nationalities. According to historical records, the Li nationality is an indigenous people in Hainan. As early as ancient times, Li compatriots cultivated and burned land on this land, and the national customs were simple. They have long been famous for their unique national culture and gorgeous brocade technology. Li compatriots mainly live in the foothills or river basins with relatively flat terrain in Wuzhishan area. These villages vary in size and are patchwork. The low thatched cottage is hidden between the dense coconut trees and Penang coconut trees. The gap between trees is surrounded by bamboo fences, and all kinds of vegetables are delicate. The clear stream flows in front of the house, giving people the feeling of "walking into the villa". Penang coconut is a valuable gift for Li family and friends to express their feelings with numbers.

Hainan Miao people bite their hands and have sex.

"Reach out and give my brother a bite. The more you bite, the more you see your sister's affection. Castle peak doesn't always leave traces. Seeing that tooth mark is like seeing a person. " This is a ballad spread among Miao people in Hainan. Biting hands is a unique way for young Miao people in Hainan to express their love. On holidays, especially on March 3, young men and women sing beautiful and moving songs under betel nut trees, mango forests, streams and grassy slopes to express their ideals, interests and wishes and find their Mr. Right. After biting their hands and making promises, they took out their favorite calligraphy, rings, earrings, bamboo hats, waist baskets, etc., and gave them to each other as promises to show their lifelong companionship.

Hainan Folk Festival: Hainan residents include more than 30 nationalities including Han, Li, Miao, Hui, Yi, Dong and Yao. There are Li, Miao, Hui and Han nationalities living in the world. For thousands of years, the primitive and unique ethnic customs have enriched the social outlook of the island. Among them, the most distinctive is the life customs of the Li nationality. Li nationality is an indigenous people in Hainan. They have lived in Wuzhishan area in the middle and southwest of Hainan Island for generations, with a population of 654.38+0.3 million. Li language belongs to Li branch of Zhuang and Dong language family of Sino-Tibetan language family, and its cultural characteristics are closely related to Zhuang and Buyi people in southern China. Li nationality is divided into five branches: Qi, Xiao, Run, Sai and Mobil. Most Li villages are located in valley slopes or mountain basins, surrounded by dense trees or spiny bamboo. The traditional houses of the Li nationality take the hut as their home, which is called "boat-shaped hut". It is said that the ancestors of the Li nationality came across the sea by boat, so living in a boat-shaped house has always kept the tradition. Li nationality is a nation that can sing and dance well. Every festive season, Li Men and the women will sing and dance with each other all night. Every year, the third day of the third lunar month is a traditional festival of the Li nationality, and the Li nationality will hold a grand celebration. Li people have mastered textile technology for a long time. Huang Daopo, a female weaver in Yuan Dynasty, learned advanced cotton spinning technology from Li nationality. Li brocade woven by Li nationality generally takes black and brown as basic colors, and blue, red, white, blue and yellow alternate with each other. Patterns include people, animals, plants, landscapes and mascots. The traditional dress of Li nationality is that men are wrapped in red or black headscarves, with open tops and cloth towels around their waists; Women's dresses of different branches are different, but skirts are their same clothes. Hainan Island is rich in folk culture, which has spawned many unique folk festivals. On the fifteenth night of the first lunar month, the annual Hainan Island Flower Show will be held in Qiongshan, Hainan. Every year from February 9th to 19th, Xinpo Town of Qiongshan City and many places in the province will hold a four-day Xianfu Culture Festival (formerly known as Junpo Festival). This is a folk commemoration in memory of Mrs. Xian. The third day of the third lunar month is a traditional festival for young Li Men and women to pursue love and happiness. Both Li and Miao people in Hainan have the custom of celebrating "March 3rd". Hainan International Coconut Festival is held every year in late March or early April (during the third day of the lunar calendar), which is a large-scale tourism and cultural festival integrating tourism, culture, folklore, sports and economy. Mid-Autumn Festival is an annual Danzhou folk song festival. The main activities of the song club are Danzhou folk songs, singing competitions and "enjoying the moon". The "Hainan Island Happy Festival" is held every year 1 1 late month. In addition, Hainan's festivals include Wanning Lantern Festival, Nanshan Longevity Culture Festival, Hainan Tropical Rainforest Festival, Sanya International Beer Festival, Sanya International Advertising and Television Art Festival, Tianya Haijiao International Wedding Festival, Baoting Qixian Hot Spring Swimming Festival and so on. Important events in Hainan Island include: International Road Cycling Race around Hainan Island, International Sailing Race around Hainan Island, Miss World, Mr. World and so on. Raw coconut food: coconut sugar, shredded coconut, coconut flower, coconut sugar corner, coconut cake, coconut sauce, etc. Ethnic handicrafts: horn carving, rattan, Hainan red bean, wood painting, wood carving, root carving series gold jewelry: striped beads, diamond beads, Buddha beads, crescent beads, Joan beads, seawater beads, crystal tropical preserved fruits, fresh fruits: coffee, pepper, beef jerky, deer products, dried seafood, special tea, plantain, pineapple, jackfruit and orange. Durian, longan, mango, ginseng fruit, papaya, banana, Malay grape, carambola, cashew nut, mangosteen, egg fruit, lemon, sour bean, egg yolk, monkey bread, passion fruit, mysterious fruit, olive and betel nut are the four famous traditional dishes (Wenchang chicken) in Hainan.

Wenchang chicken, the first of the "four famous dishes", is a kind of high-quality fattening chicken, named after it was produced in Wenchang, Hainan Province. According to legend, Wenchang Chicken first came from Tianci Village, Tanniu Town, a local village, where banyan trees grow. The seeds of banyan trees are rich in nutrition, and domestic chickens peck at them, making them in excellent health. Wenchang Chicken is characterized by its small size, weighing about 1.5 kg, bright coat, short wings and feet, round and flat body, thin and smooth skin and fat meat. Hainan people eat Wenchang chicken, the traditional way is to chop it (also called "white cut"), which can best reflect the original flavor of Wenchang chicken, delicious and tender. At the same time, chicken oil and chicken soup rice is commonly known as "chicken rice", which Hainan people call "eating chicken rice", including boiled chicken. White-cut Wenchang chicken is used for banquets, light meals or family dishes in Hainan. In Hong Kong and Southeast Asia, it is highly respected and has a good reputation. Jiaji duck, one of the "four famous dishes", commonly known as muscovy duck, was introduced from abroad by overseas Chinese of Qiong nationality in the early years. It was first bred in Jiaji Town, qionghai city, and is the most famous muscovy duck raised by a resident of Jiaxiang Street in this town. The method of raising ducks is particularly particular: first, feed the ducklings with fresh water fish, shrimp or earthworm cockroaches. After about two months, when the ducklings' feathers first appear, they will be circled in a small circle to narrow their range of activities, mixed with rice and rice bran and kneaded into small pieces to feed, and then they will grow into meat ducks in 20 days. It is characterized by thick duck meat, white and crisp skin, and a thin layer of fat between the skin and the meat, which is particularly sweet. There are many cooking methods for Cargill duck, but "white chop" (also known as "white cut") is the most famous because it can best reflect the original flavor. Lehe Crab, one of the "four famous dishes", is produced in Lehe Town, Wanning County, Hainan Province. It is famous for its hard shell and rich meat sauce, and ranks as one of the four famous products in Hainan along with Wenchang Chicken, Gigi Duck and Dong Goat. The cooking methods of "Lehe Crab" are various, such as steaming, boiling, frying, baking, etc., and each has its own characteristics, especially "steaming", which not only maintains the original flavor, but also maintains the original beauty of color. Hainan East Goat is one of the "four famous dishes" with local flavor. Dongshan mutton is a specialty of Dongshanling, Wanning. It is refined by various cooking methods such as rolling, frying, weaving, steaming and buckling, with various spices and seasonings. In addition, the Qukou seafood produced in Dongzhai Port, Shiyang in Yangshan District, qiongshan district, Haikou City, Lingao suckling pig, Hainan powder in Lingshan Town, Haikou City, Hainan powder in Paul Town, Wenchang, Wanning, and Qingbuliang in Hainan.