1, clothing

The costumes of the Miao nationality in Huayuan are cloth handkerchiefs wrapped around their heads, flower handkerchiefs in You Ya and green handkerchiefs in other areas. Handkerchiefs are 1~3 meters long and wear multi-layer herringbone. Wear a double-breasted dress with long and small sleeves, short and big trousers and blue feet. Most of the materials are self-woven "home clothes", and plaid clothes are the most distinctive. Miao women's costumes are more complicated, and their headdresses are similar in color to men's, but they are mostly stacked together, extending from the forehead to the back of the head, flat and round, like the bun of ancient officials and women. Women in You Ya like to wrap flowers and towers, but the wrapping methods are different, such as goose crown and autumn chrysanthemum. Women's clothes are all breast enhancement, with large and long waists, large and short sleeves and no collar. Pants are short and big, with aprons at the waist, piping, embroidery or knitting on the chest, cuffs, aprons and trouser legs, and railings in the middle, which are colorful and dazzling. In summer, young men and women like to wear wool hats and Ma Xie.

Jewelry is the favorite of Miao women, with a wide variety and beautiful shape. It can be divided into gold ornaments, silver ornaments, threatening ornaments and jade ornaments, with silver ornaments being the most common. Silver ornaments include silver hat, silver basin, rockhopper, earrings, collars, bracelets, rings, dentists, buckles, silver flowers, silver medals and shawls, and common ones include earrings, collars, bracelets and rings. All kinds of silver ornaments have different shapes, such as rims, flat rings and disk diagrams. Earrings include melon seed earrings, pomegranate earrings, plum blossom pin earrings, circle earrings, faucet earrings, Baba earrings and so on. Miao women should wear silver ornaments whether they are married, visiting relatives and friends, being guests, going to the market or having festivals.

After liberation, Miao costumes gradually changed. Now, except for Jiwei, Buzuo, Yaxi, Paibi, Paifang and Dongmaku, most of them wear Miao costumes, and the clothes of young men and women in other towns are no different from those of Han nationality.

Step 2 prescribe diet

Rice is the main grain, and other miscellaneous grains are gradually transformed into raw materials for food industry or livestock feed.

In most areas, Miao people have three meals a day, and rice is the staple food. Fried Baba is the most common fried food. If you add some fresh meat and sauerkraut as stuffing, the taste will be more delicious.

Most meat comes from livestock and poultry. Miao people in Sichuan and Yunnan all like to eat dog meat, and there is a saying that "Miao's dog is Yi's wine". (This contradicts the biggest taboo in Xiangxi. What can we do? Then let's buy our own food instead of dog meat. In addition to animal oil, Miao's edible oil is mostly tea oil and vegetable oil.

In addition to fresh vegetables produced by Miao people, the most distinctive feature of Laicai is pickled hot and sour vegetables, such as sauerkraut, sour soup, hot and sour seeds, Chili sauce and so on. They are all Miao home-cooked dishes. The Miao family has always been hospitable. Guests always treat each other with wine and meat, including glutinous rice wine and corn wine, as well as pigs, cows, sheep, fish, chickens and ducks. It's not convenient to buy fish in Miaoxiang at ordinary times. In order to prevent guests from being poorly prepared when they arrive, most people will use special methods to pickle sour fish, sour meat and bacon for their guests. With the development of commodity economy, meat is abundant and can be bought at any time. There are few fish with pickled vegetables, and no one eats pickled vegetables. The tables and drinks for entertaining guests are no different from those of the Han nationality.

[Miao zú]

Miao ethnic group

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Miao nationality, an ancient nationality, is scattered all over the world, mainly distributed in Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Qiong and other provinces in China, as well as Laos, Vietnam, Thailand and other countries and regions in Southeast Asia [1-3].

According to historical documents and oral materials of Miao people, Miao ancestors first lived in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and their ancestors were Chiyou. They moved to Jianghan Plain in the "Three Miao" era, and then gradually moved south and west to the southwest mountainous area and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau due to war and other reasons. After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, some Miao people migrated to Southeast Asian countries, and in modern times they migrated from these places to Europe and America [3].

Miao people have their own language, and Miao language belongs to the branch of Miao Yao language family of Sino-Tibetan language family, which is divided into three dialects: Xiangxi, Qiandong and Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan. Due to the long-term contact between Miao and Han, some Miao people are fluent in Chinese and use Chinese [1]. Miao people's religious beliefs are mainly nature worship and ancestor worship. [3]。

In the census of China in 20 10, the total population of Miao people in China was 9,426,007, ranking fourth among ethnic minorities [1].