Folk houses with their own characteristics: architectural characteristics of Lahu nationality-Lahu folk houses with bamboo buildings as piles are mostly built in the depths of bamboo forests, wooded hilltops or hillsides.

Buildings can be roughly divided into two types: one is a floor-standing hut, and the other is a bamboo building on a pile. Generally, there are three houses of Lahu nationality, the middle one is a guest room, and the right corner of the door is a shrine.

Most villages in Mulengpingwu Mountain area, a building of the Yi people, are located halfway up the mountain. Building structures can be roughly divided into two categories: one is wood structure, and the "net wall" of the house is made of wood about one or two feet long and covered with boards; The second is the bamboo structure. First, twenty or thirty wooden stakes are erected on the foundation of the selected house, and a layer of wood is laid on it. These walls are surrounded by fences and covered with thatch or boards.

There is a big fire pit in the center of this house, and the whole family eats and sleeps around it. In the past, they were rarely reported I was awakened by freezing in the middle of the night, so I added some firewood to the fire pit, blew out the fire, and went back to sleep.

When building a house, if the owner doesn't prepare enough materials, people at home or in the village will automatically help make up for them. On the day of building the house, they adopted a cooperative approach, that is, the whole village stopped production and helped build the house together.

According to custom, it must be built on the same day, otherwise it is considered unlucky. The Yi people here often hang a few cow bones on their doors, indicating that this family is good at hunting and is a symbol of wealth.

The more tauren bones you hang, the braver you are and the richer you are. The houses of the Yi people in Diqing are mainly wooden bungalows and earth-walled bungalows, which are generally three bungalows with a fire pit in the middle, and two storage rooms and bedrooms on the left and right.

Opposite the house is a stable. Now, some Yi people imitate the architectural structure of Han, Naxi and Tibetan nationalities, and have unique styles.

2. Imitate the 500-word composition of traditional houses in Henan, each with its own characteristics.

Folk houses with their own characteristics: architectural characteristics of Lahu nationality-Lahu folk houses with bamboo buildings as piles are mostly built in the depths of bamboo forests, wooded hilltops or hillsides.

Buildings can be roughly divided into two types: one is a floor-standing hut, and the other is a bamboo building on a pile. Generally, there are three houses of Lahu nationality, the middle one is a guest room, and the right corner of the door is a shrine.

Most villages in Mulengpingwu Mountain area, a building of the Yi people, are located halfway up the mountain. The building structure can be roughly divided into two categories: one is wood structure, and the "net wall" of the building is made of wood about one or two feet long and covered with boards; The second is the bamboo structure. First, twenty or thirty wooden stakes are erected on the foundation of the selected house, and a layer of wood is laid on it. These walls are surrounded by fences and covered with thatch or boards.

There is a big fire pit in the center of this house, and the whole family eats and sleeps around it. In the past, they were rarely reported I was awakened by freezing in the middle of the night, so I added some firewood to the fire pit, blew out the fire, and went back to sleep.

When building a house, if the owner doesn't prepare enough materials, people at home or in the village will automatically help make up for them. On the day of building the house, they adopted a cooperative approach, that is, the whole village stopped production and helped build the house together.

According to custom, it must be built on the same day, otherwise it is considered unlucky. The Yi people here often hang a few cow bones on their doors, indicating that this family is good at hunting and is a symbol of wealth.

The more tauren bones you hang, the braver you are and the richer you are. The houses of the Yi people in Diqing are mainly wooden bungalows and earth-walled bungalows, which are generally three bungalows with a fire pit in the middle, and two storage rooms and bedrooms on the left and right.

Opposite the house is a stable. Now, some Yi people imitate the architectural structure of Han, Naxi and Tibetan nationalities, and have unique styles.

The main architectural form of Miao nationality: Diaojiaolou has formed its own characteristics in different regions due to its long-term dispersion. Houses are mostly wooden structures, with tiles, fir bark or thatched roofs, and most of them are diaojiao buildings in mountainous areas; Zhaotong and other places live in long thatched houses or "fork houses" made of cross trunks. Most Miao people live in mountainous areas, and their houses are made of hedges, bark, tiles, or gables, bamboo chips or sawdust, and are divided into bedrooms, kitchens and stables, with simple furnishings.

Some Miao people live in the dam area, and their houses also have tile houses with water and soil structure, which are divided into three rooms, with side doors on the left and right and a gate in the middle, that is, the main entrance. In some Miao people, the main entrance is generally not allowed to go in and out casually. Only when there are weddings, funerals, sacrifices and other activities at home can you go in and out through the main entrance.

Zhuang architecture-Zhuang people who live in the dam area and near towns in a semi-dry way. Most of their houses are brick-wood structures, with whitewashed exterior walls and decorative patterns painted on the eaves. Zhuang people living in remote mountainous areas, their village houses are mostly tile-roofed houses or straw houses with civil structures, and the architectural styles are generally semi-dry fence and all-ground style.

Gan Lan, also known as Mulou and Diaojiaolou. Zhuang, Dong, Yao, Miao and Han all have it.

Most of them are two floors. Upstairs is usually 3 days or 5 people.

The lower floor is the wooden building column foot, which is composed of bamboo pieces and wooden boards. It can be used as a stable for livestock, and can also be used for stacking farm tools, firewood and sundries. Some also have attics and annex buildings.

Generally, dry fences are surrounded by mountains and rivers, facing the fields, with broad prospects and good lighting. A stockade and a community, on the whole, are magnificent.

In some villages, families are connected and integrated, just like a big family. The layout of the living room has its own characteristics.

The trunk wall of Zhuang nationality in Longji Township, Longsheng County is centered on the shrine. Behind the shrine, there is a public house (centered on the hostess), and the left corner is the woman's house. There is a small door communicating with the public house. The housewife's room is in the right corner.

The husband's room is outside the hall on the right. The guest room is in the left corner of the lobby, and the girls' room is next to the stairs in the right corner, which is convenient for them to communicate with boys.

The biggest feature of this layout is that husband and wife live in separate rooms and follow ancient customs. At present, the internal structure of the main fence has changed slightly, but the basic pattern remains unchanged.

The main building of the Hani nationality-mushroom house When the Hani nationality creates a village, the selection of the village site must have the indispensable conditions for cultivating terraces such as dense forests, rich water sources and gentle and fertile mountains and ridges. From the architectural form, Hani architecture includes thatched cottage, mushroom house, bank building, earthen palm house, thousands of feet dry railing house, yamen building of Tusi regime, tiled house with one front and two partitions, and modern reinforced concrete structure houses.

Among them, mushroom house is the most profound architectural style in Hani traditional culture. Terrace, mushroom house, sacred forest, palm forest, bamboo forest, tea garden, gate, autumn mill and water mill are not only the basic landscape of Hani mushroom village, but also the unique tourism resources to be developed in the world.

Hani shanzhai and terraced fields in Shengcun, Yuanyang County have been listed as provincial-level scenic spots in Yunnan. Hani people generally have a big room in the middle of the main house.

In Banna area, there is a parents' bedroom in the east of the hall, and there is a place to worship ancestors in the bedroom. Due to the differences in geography, economy and environment, Hani villages in Ailao Mountain and Wulian Mountain have formed several styles, such as thatched houses, earth palm houses, lime houses and tile houses.

The mushroom house of Hani nationality is shaped like a mushroom and consists of earth walls, bamboo frames and thatched roofs. The roof has four slopes.

Layering of the house: cattle and horses are stacked on the ground floor. The middle floor is paved with wooden boards and divided into three rooms: left, middle and right. There is a square fire pond in the middle, which is full of fireworks all the year round. The top floor is covered with mud, which can prevent fire and pile up items. The mushroom house is exquisite and unique.

Even in the cold winter, the room is warm; In hot summer, the room is very cool. Mali Village, Yuanyang County, Honghe Prefecture, the largest Hani village, is the most typical.

The square wood, a traditional Naxi architecture, is a traditional Naxi residential form. Using logs as materials, the length is even, the two ends are slit and embedded together to form four walls.

Then put up purlins, spread sawdust and tiles, press stones, and put cow dung or mud on the gaps between the logs of the wall to avoid the cold. The wooden pagoda houses by Lugu Lake are mostly composed of four rows of houses, each with quadrangles of different sizes. The main room is the place where family members eat, live and store food and sundries. On the left is the hall, on the right is the stable, and opposite it is a two-story house. The upstairs is divided into several huts, where adult men and women and "xia" (lovers) live together.

Since the Ming Dynasty, Lijiang has had a magnificent tile house, and Xu Xiake described its scale in detail in his travel notes. In Qing Dynasty, with the development of social economy and culture, the architectural techniques and styles of Han, Bai and Tibetan nationalities were constantly influenced.

3. Imitate the 600-word "unique folk houses"

When you set foot on the land inhabited by nomadic people such as Mongolia, you walk into the vast and beautiful prairie dotted with thousands of yurts.

Mongolian yurts were called Qionglu in ancient times, also known as felt tents and felt bags. Mongolian people call it Geer, and Manchu is Mongolian yurt or Mongolian blog.

In order to facilitate nomadism, Mongolian nomads created this kind of residence, which is easy to disassemble and assemble and convenient for nomadism. It has appeared since the Xiongnu period and has been in use ever since.

The yurt is circular, and the surrounding side walls are divided into several pieces, each of which is 130- 160 cm high and about 230 cm long. Several pieces are connected into a circle, which is covered with an umbrella dome and connected with the side wall. The four walls at the top of the tent are covered with felt and fixed with ropes, and a wooden frame is left on the southwest wall for installing door panels and tents. In the Han Dynasty in Mongolia, Khan and the king's tent could hold 2000 people.

There are two kinds of yurts: fixed and swimming. Semi-farming and semi-grazing also build more fixed types, and build earth walls around them to cover reeds; Most nomadic areas are dominated by swimming.

Swimming can be divided into separable and inseparable types. The former is consigned by livestock, while the latter is consigned by ox cart or carriage. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the number of Mongolian immigrants increased, and Mongolian yurts remained in nomadic areas.

In addition to Mongolians, Kazakh and Tajik herders also live in yurts when they are nomadic. After listening to my introduction to yurts, do you think yurts have great historical and artistic value?

4. The 500-word composition of northern dwellings should be written according to the unique dwellings.

One family after another.

There is also a partition wall in the middle, which is a square or rectangular yard. Relax in the hutongs of Beijing and enjoy family life. The north house in the courtyard is the first room and the living room of the owner. It is composed of courtyards surrounded by houses on all sides, which is very harmonious from the east. There are quadrangles of various sizes in Beijing, which are famous at home and abroad. Naturally there is a relaxed atmosphere. The composition of quadrangles is unique, and all the doors open to the courtyard and the west.

There is a corridor between the main room and the wing, and there are many overlapping scenes of east, south and stacked stones, but no matter how big or small, they are all places where younger generations live. Beijing quadrangles, as the main architectural form that old Beijingers have lived in for generations, came from heaven and earth behind closed doors.

There are east wing and west wing on both sides of the yard. As we all know, they are quadrangles and south wing. The gate of the quadrangle is generally opened in the southeast corner or northwest corner, and the houses in the north are surrounded by inner courtyard houses, which are usually composed of several quadrangles side by side for people to walk and rest.

Beijing quadrangle. Siheyuan is very convenient to live in; In the courtyard, an independent quadrangle surrounded by four sides in the north is built on a masonry abutment.

Its courtyard is spacious and spacious; The spacious courtyard can also plant trees and flowers, a quiet day; The enclosed house gives the quadrangle a strong privacy and is connected by a veranda. It is a combined architectural form of residential buildings in northern China. There are two or three more complicated courtyards, and the deep house compound where the rich live is bigger than other houses. Residents enjoy the beautiful scenery of nature, feed birds and raise fish, and the family lives a comfortable life. The simplest quadrangle has only one yard, and the environment is closed and quiet.

The walls of quadrangles and houses facing the street generally do not open windows and live in closed yards. Secondly, enjoy family happiness.

5. Imitate the distinctive folk houses. Traditional houses in Donggang.

After countless years of hardships, the new house that people dream of has been jointly developed and sold by scientists.

This super intelligent building has 999 floors, which can be said to be inserted into the sky. The shape of the house is your own decision. If you like, you can turn the appearance of the house into a castle and a royal villa.

The wall in the room is a new "free wall", which can absorb carbon dioxide and exhale oxygen, and can also design the background according to your favorite color pattern. Moreover, the wall is also equipped with a hot and cold switch, which is warm in winter and cool in summer and can be cooled in summer; It can be heated in winter.

What a good helper! The floor of the room is full of "trampolines", so you can bounce when you walk. And it is very safe and does not contain any harmful substances.

A device was also designed in the room. As soon as you open the door, the slippers will be set for you. When you walk, the steps will make sweet music with the rhythm of your walking. When you are thirsty, drinks will be handed to you at any time. Of course, drinks will be used directly in your mouth like spring water. When you are hungry, a menu will appear out of thin air. Say what you want to say.

Here, I want to tell you some secrets. In fact, this building has more than 999 floors. In fact, there is a hidden staircase on the first floor. It has two purposes: one is to escape, the other is to relax and have fun everywhere. Look, there is a paradise, swimming pool, hot spring and water park. Some people may say what to do if someone steals it In fact, you don't have to worry about thieves stealing. You can only open them with the owner's permission. Otherwise, thieves can't open them anyway. If he destroys them by force, he will be struck by lightning, baked in an oven, frozen in a refrigerator at MINUS 50 degrees, and chased by 50 wild animals in the forest. What a good baby! I believe that with the rapid development of science and technology trains, it is estimated that we will soon be able to use this new type of intelligent, safe and environmentally friendly house.

6. Imitate the famous Hakka dwellings and Dai bamboo houses (that is, write down the characteristics and location of a famous tourist spot.

The houses of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang can be said to be various and have different styles, but in general, they can be divided into two categories: one is houses in pastoral areas and the other is houses in agricultural areas. Most of the houses in pastoral areas are mainly felt houses, and some of them are made of wood, which is closely related to their lives. This kind of house is easy to move and disassemble, which is very suitable for herdsmen to live in. Kazakh dwellings: Most of the felt houses in Kazakhstan have a history of 2,000 years, and the houses are about three meters high. It covers an area of about 20 to 30 square meters, surrounded by circular felt walls and a circular roof. The frame of the felt house is red willow wood on the Gobi desert. Kazakhs in pastoral areas migrate at least a dozen times a year. They use felt houses in three seasons except winter. They can be built very quickly in two hours, so they are very popular with local herders. Xibe folk houses: Xibe houses are many, both nomadic and agricultural. Main room, etc. Now most Xibo people live in the main rooms, and most of these nomadic roofs have a "blowhole". Generally, there are three rooms, the east is called the East Room, the west is called the Westinghouse, and the middle is the outbuilding. People live in outhouses, and there are circular or rectangular warehouses on both sides of the yard to store food and other items. Tajik dwellings: Tajiks live in the Pamirs of the world, and their houses are relatively small. Building materials are mostly stones and turf, and the roof is covered with branches and wheat straw. The wall is thick and strong, and there is another wall around the house. There is a bigger house called "Sairan Clothes" in the wall, and there are also barns and warehouses. The interior of "Sairan Clothes" is up and down, with cooking and cooking utensils above, other articles below and houses around. In Xinjiang, China, there are all kinds of folk houses.

7. Try to write your own home according to different characteristics of folk houses.

Guangdong Weilongwu, Beijing Siheyuan, Shaanxi Cave Dwellings, Guangxi's "Pole Column" and Yunnan's "One Seal" are also known as the five characteristic residential buildings: Guangdong Weilongwu, a common traditional residence of Hakka people in eastern Guangdong, began in the Tang and Song Dynasties and prevailed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Hakkas choose hilly areas or sloping fields to build Longwei houses. Hakkas live in groups to prevent foreign enemies and wild animals from invading. Most of them will take five years, ten years or even longer to build a complete Longweiwu. There are two kinds of enclosed houses: palace style and dragon style. The layout is rigorous, paying attention to sitting orientation, primary and secondary, symmetry, balanced appearance, grandeur, elegance and solemnity, which shows the aesthetic purport of Confucian orthodox culture and the high level of architecture.

Beijing Siheyuan Siheyuan is a closed house with only one street gate outside. The closed door comes from Chengtiandi, which has strong privacy and is very suitable for exclusive residence. The quadrangle is a brick-wood structure, with purlins, columns, beams (rafters), sills, rafters, doors and windows, partition fans, etc. It's all made of wood, and the walls around the wooden shelf are made of bricks.

The north room (main room), south room (inverted room) and east and west room, which are separated on all sides, are surrounded by high walls to form a quaternity. There is a yard in the middle of the yard, which is spacious. There are flowers and trees in the courtyard and goldfish in the fish tank. It is the center of the courtyard layout, and it is also the place where people walk, light, ventilate, enjoy the cool, rest and do housework.

Cave dwellings in northern Shaanxi should have started in the Zhou Dynasty at the earliest. After the Qin and Han dynasties, it developed into an all-crypt type, which is now the earth kiln.

In the middle of Ming dynasty, stones were used as kiln walls. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the local people built caves modeled on earth kilns.

Now there are also new caves with painted tiles and kiln surfaces. The hall and room are separated, and the upper and lower floors are more comfortable and pleasant to live in. Generally divided into earth kiln, stone kiln, brick kiln and interface kiln.

Earth kiln is a loess cave dug in the mountain. Stone kiln brick kiln is a cave made of stone and brick on the flat ground.

Interface kiln is a cave with a layer of stone or brick hoop kiln surface at the entrance of soil cave. This kind of cave looks neat and solid.

Most caves in northern Shaanxi are built on the mountain, which occupies less land and has low construction cost. Now the average farmer can build a decent stone kiln for about 2000 yuan.

The cave is sound-proof, heat-proof and heat-preservation, which is warm in winter and cool in summer. They are called "Shenxian Cave" and are the first choice at home. Guangxi, the "polar pillar" of Guangxi, is located in the subtropical zone, with high temperature and rainy weather and humid places.

Most people use bamboo to build houses, which are generally four-bedroom and three-bedroom wooden buildings with one floor and one bottom. The roof is covered with small blue tiles and surrounded by wooden walls or adobe walls.

Some Dong people's houses are built on the second floor in front of the main building, and an eave is added at the horizontal waist to increase the use space under the eaves and form a spacious front porch, which is convenient for taking a nap and enjoying the cool. Yunnan's "One Seal" The residential buildings of ethnic minorities such as Kunming, Dali and Lijiang in Yunnan are mostly square, which is called "One Seal".

The building is composed of a main room and a wing, which is symmetrical and steady, square and square, with tile-topped earth walls. Looking down from the air, the whole layout is like a seal, which is self-contained and a closed residence.

8. Imitate the six-grade composition of different folk houses with 400 words, entitled Beijing Siheyuan.

The quadrangle in Beijing is a kind of quadrangle. The so-called courtyard is a courtyard surrounded by houses, with four houses and a yard in the middle. This is the yard.

Old Beijing quadrangles have one house for each household and several courtyards for each house. The courtyard runs through the central axis, the north room is the main room, the houses in the east and west directions are wing rooms, and the south gate opens to the north, so it is called inverted seat. The family has money and a large population, so we can build two courtyards, one front and the other back, connecting the north and the south.

The design and construction of quadrangles in Beijing are relatively easy, and the materials used are also very simple. It doesn't have to be reinforced with cement, blue bricks and gray tiles, bricks and wood. Of course, wood structure is the main standard structure, which is light in weight and rarely collapses during earthquakes, indicating that quadrangles can resist earthquakes. The overall color of the building is gray-blue, giving people a very simple impression and a very comfortable life.

9. Imitate the distinctive folk houses. Traditional houses in Donggang.

After countless years of hardships, the new house that people dream of has been jointly developed and sold by scientists.

This super intelligent building has 999 floors, which can be said to be inserted into the sky. The shape of the house is your own decision. If you like, you can turn the appearance of the house into a castle and a royal villa. The wall in the room is a new "free wall", which can absorb carbon dioxide and exhale oxygen, and can also design the background according to your favorite color pattern. Moreover, the wall is also equipped with a hot and cold switch, which is warm in winter and cool in summer and can be cooled in summer; It can be heated in winter. What a good helper!

The floor of the room is full of "trampolines", so you can bounce when you walk. And it is very safe and does not contain any harmful substances. A device was also designed in the room. As soon as you open the door, the slippers will be set for you. When you walk, the steps will make sweet music with the rhythm of your walking. When you are thirsty, drinks will be handed to you at any time. Of course, drinks will be used directly in your mouth like spring water. When you are hungry, a menu will appear out of thin air. Say what you want to say.

Here, I want to tell you some secrets. In fact, this building has more than 999 floors. In fact, there is a hidden staircase on the first floor. It has two purposes: one is to escape, the other is to relax and have fun everywhere. Look, there is a paradise, swimming pool, hot spring and water park.

Some people may say, what if someone steals it? In fact, you don't have to worry about thieves stealing. You can only open them with the owner's permission. Otherwise, thieves can't open them anyway. If he destroys them by force, he will be struck by lightning, baked in an oven, frozen in a refrigerator at MINUS 50 degrees, and chased by 50 wild animals in the forest. What a good baby!

I believe that with the rapid development of science and technology trains, it is estimated that we will soon be able to use this new type of intelligent, safe and environmentally friendly house.