As can be seen from the video footage, the astronauts Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo, who performed the flight mission, got out of the cabin safely and smoothly and were in good health. The astronauts still smiled and waved to the people in front of the camera.
Looking back on the space life of these three astronauts, everything seems so orderly and natural, and the universe doesn't seem too dangerous. It seems that going into space is a very easy thing.
But what you may not know is that 50 years ago, an event that shocked the whole world happened!
Things have to start from April 197 1.
1969, the United States successfully landed on the moon, and the Soviet Union was not far behind, and was also preparing for the space race. They hope to build the first space base for mankind.
At 3: 40 am on April 197 1, the long-planned "Salute 1" space station of the Soviet Union was successfully launched at the Baikonur launch site, which not only opened a new era for the near-earth orbit space station, but also realized the dream of flying around the house for the first time.
In fact, in 1969, the First Design Bureau of the Soviet Union put forward the proposal of launching an orbiting space station. 1970, the Soviet union is preparing the famous "salute plan".
Salute 1 is the first space station of the Salute program. Salute 1, as the first generation orbital space station, is a single module structure, consisting of docking module, orbital module and service module. It looks like an enlarged Soyuz spacecraft with a total weight of 65,438+00.4 tons.
There is a hatch on the docking module for docking the Soyuz manned spacecraft, and astronauts can enter and leave the space station through this hatch; Orbital module is the place where astronauts work, eat, rest and sleep. The service cabin is equipped with orbit-changing engine and propellant; A pair of solar panels are installed on the docking module and the service module respectively.
However, "Salute No.1", like its name "Salute", is like a flash of fireworks. After the glory, only endless regrets are left.
197 1 On April 23rd, 2008, Soyuz-10 spacecraft carrying space station crew was launched, ready to rendezvous and dock with salute-1 space station, which was the first rendezvous and docking after the first space station in the Soviet Union was put into orbit. After three orbit changes, the spacecraft approached Salute 1 on April 25th, and the spacecraft instructed Shatalov to manually control the docking of the spacecraft and the space station.
From this time on, Salute One seems to have no luck.
At that time, the astronauts on the spacecraft found that the probe and hatch of the spacecraft docking system could not be opened, and the astronauts were trapped in the spacecraft and could not enter the "Salute No.1". After more than five hours of stalemate, the ground command center decided to end the mission, and three astronauts returned safely after flying in space for two days.
This incident can be said to be a disgrace to the Soviet Union at that time. In order to save face, the Soviet Union hastily launched the next wave of plans.
However, you can't eat hot tofu with impatience. This is a very sophisticated and cutting-edge technical work, and you can't tolerate any carelessness and mistakes.
However, after only one month's investigation, the staff only ruled out the failure of the docking system of the Soyuz spacecraft, and the Soviet side hurriedly let the spacecraft take off again.
So 197 1 on June 5, 2008, the brand-new Soyuz 1 1 spacecraft was launched and successfully docked with the salute 1 space station on June 7. Three Soviet astronauts Dobrovo Riski, volkov and Bazhayev successfully docked with Salute 1 on Soyuz1.
However, during this period, there were many problems in the space station. During the 23-day 18-hour stay of astronauts on the salute, the air filtration system of the space station broke down, and even a small fire broke out due to circuit problems. Not only that, the space station will shake when the astronauts exercise. It seems that all these phenomena indicate that this space exploration trip will not be so smooth.
When three astronauts returned to Soyuz 1 1 and prepared to leave the space station and return to Earth, bad luck came.
During the separation of the return module and the orbital module, the 12 explosive detonating lock which should be opened in sequence unexpectedly works at the same time due to instantaneous impact vibration. The huge impact of the explosion shook a spherical joint on the return capsule, which suddenly opened the ventilation valve under Dobrovoresky's seat.
At this time, the atmospheric pressure outside the cabin is close to zero, and the gas in the return cabin leaks out quickly through the valve. This change directly makes astronauts face death!
The astronauts' breathing accelerated due to air leakage in the return capsule. Although they immediately realized that there was a problem, they found it through a series of inspections. The leak is under the seat, but it's too late, and death has come quietly!
In just 34 seconds, the air pressure in the return capsule suddenly dropped, making the environment in the capsule close to vacuum, which is equivalent to directly exposing astronauts to space. This not only caused astronauts to suffer from acute hypoxia in a short time, but also caused the rapid expansion of human lung gas due to the rapid change of air pressure, which led to the bursting of lungs.
The eardrums and blood vessels of the three astronauts burst directly. Not only that, human body fluids boil instantly and vaporize directly due to the change of air pressure. In just a few seconds, the three astronauts were unable to return to heaven.
Afterwards, the Soviet Union investigated the cause of this problem and found that they made a fatal mistake when designing the spaceship. Only two people were designed in the spaceship. Why did the three astronauts return together? The Soviet Union took a very risky approach: let three astronauts dock with the space station in the cabin without wearing spacesuits, so that the space that could only accommodate two people could accommodate three people.
Another fatal mistake is that the design of the return capsule is also problematic. Vladislav volkov, an astronaut, has found the problem because of the air leakage in the space capsule under the seat, and unfastened his seat belt, ready to reach out and control the pressure valve.
However, because this valve is located under the seat, the original seat for two people has become very narrow because it has become three people. It is very difficult for astronauts to move, and it takes at least 1 minute to close this valve, which has caused tragedy.
"Salute No.1" also flew for more than five months, and crashed into the earth's atmosphere in June 5438+that year1October and burned.
Therefore, it is not as easy for astronauts to risk their lives for space operations as it seems. Not only that, even if the astronauts return successfully, they will face rehabilitation training afterwards.
First of all, astronauts need to be isolated according to the three-level isolation system after returning to Earth, because they need protection.
Because of weightlessness and cosmic rays, astronauts will suffer from osteoporosis, muscle atrophy and cardiovascular system problems, not only that, but also damage DNA and cells in the human body. Therefore, rehabilitation training is essential.
After isolation, for the health of astronauts, it will take some time to recuperate and let astronauts gradually adapt to the state of the earth.
Not only that, but also psychological rehabilitation is an essential link. If people live in a closed environment, it will cause many psychological stress manifestations, such as insomnia, phobia, anxiety and so on. Therefore, space medical experts will bring the psychological barriers of astronauts into space medical monitoring, provide psychological support and ensure the physical and mental health of astronauts.
As ordinary people, it is hard for us to imagine how much it will cost to become an astronaut.
How dangerous the universe is, perhaps, just a small mistake may kill the astronauts.
Countless brave climbers and strugglers are completing great missions with their lives. Every human exploration of the universe will be remembered by us!
Let's pay high tribute to the space heroes!
# Almighty Creator # # Soviet Union # # Aerospace # # Astronaut # # Space #