Analysis:

One of the origins of Markov

The origin of Ma Ma's surname is 1. During the Warring States Period in ancient times, there was a general named Zhao She in the State of Zhao, who was skilled in martial arts, brave and good at fighting, and made outstanding achievements. The real estate awarded to Ma Fu by the court is now Handan, Hebei Province. After Zhao She was blocked, people also called him Ma Fujun. His descendants even took Ma Fu as their surname, but later they omitted the word "Fu" and took it as their surname from generation to generation. There are other branches of Ma surname, such as the prosperous Silk Road in the Western Regions in the Tang Dynasty. Some horse surnames in the western regions contributed to the prosperity of the Silk Road, and some later settled in the Central Plains. Ma's ancestors had scholars from the Eastern Han Dynasty, who were knowledgeable, brilliant and touching. Ma Liang also had four younger brothers, who were all gifted scholars at that time. Among the five brothers, Ma Liang is the tallest, and his eyebrows are gray. People say, "A horse has five permanent members, and white hair is the best." Ma Rong, a famous philosopher in the Eastern Han Dynasty, studied ancient classics deeply, with more than 1,000 students. He sat in the high hall when he was giving a lecture, and there were women playing music, which was very imposing. The origin of Ma's surname In Handan, the ancient capital, the story of Ma's surname is a household name. The Han nationality has a surname of Ma, the Manchu nationality has a surname of Ma, the Korean nationality has a surname of Ma, and Tujia, Miao, Buyi and other ethnic minorities also have a surname of Ma. There are many surnames of horses in China, but they belong to different clans. Han nationality, * * and Manchu have different surnames, resulting in a lot. Handan used to be the capital of Zhao, and the origin of the surname Ma of Han nationality is closely related to this capital. During the Warring States Period, Zhao She, a famous soldier of the State of Zhao, was good at fighting, which led to a story about the origin of Ma's surname. Zhao She not only manages the country well, but also has the best martial arts. He won a great victory against Chyi Chin. Therefore, he was rated as one of the seven heroes of the Warring States and one of the eight famous generals. King Zhao Huiwen named Zhao Cheng, a place fifty miles northwest of Handan, Ma Fushan, and gave this place to Zhao She. So Zhao She was called Ma Fujun, and his descendants put all the nobles of Zhao in Handan. Ma was once a celebrity, and famous people emerged in Han, Manchu and Manchu, such as generals in the Eastern Han Dynasty and Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. And * * * Ma's surname was already famous in history as early as the Yuan Dynasty. * * * The most famous person named Ma is Zheng He of the Ming Dynasty. Real name, Ming Yongle changed his surname to Zheng in the second year. Zheng He's seven voyages to the West made him the first recorded navigator in the world. The origin of Ma surname 3 comes from the won surname, and its ancestor is Zhao She. Ma surname can best reflect the process of great national integration of the Chinese nation. Among the hundreds of surnames, Ma was 44 in the Song Dynasty, and now it is 19. It doesn't mean that the Ma surname of * * * has made great progress, including many contents, such as * * * and several other ethnic groups. Manchu people all have Ma surnames, all of which are included. In transliteration, Manchu is from Magath, * * * is * *, and the Chinese translation is Mahamu. During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, some ethnic minorities translated their surnames into horses, so China people's surnames of horses included many surnames. In the western suburbs of Handan, this is the birthplace of Ma surname of Han nationality-Ma Fushan. When he was in Ma Rong, he was named Fufeng Maoling. It was a coincidence at that time, so he moved his family from Xianyang to Fufeng Maoling, and all the horses in the world thought that Maoling was their birthplace. In fact, there are not many Ma surnames in this place, because they all entered Kanto and moved to it. The once prosperous Mafu Mountain has long since lost its scenery. Zhao did not unify the world. It is said that its economic and financial resources were also very rich when it was in the Warring States Period. Because Handan was one of the five largest cities in China at that time, it was also a place where merchants gathered, and its economy was very strong. Is it related to this Ma Fujun's loss of his country? At that time, 400,000 troops in Changping were raped and killed, like Zhao She's son Zhao Kuo, so they should be called Ma Fukuo and Zhao Kuo. There are many Manchu horse surnames in Northeast China. After Nuerhachi established the Jin State, many Manchu horse surnames appeared in the Eight Banners. People's horse surnames are also related to place names. It is said that in the Western Han Dynasty, there was a husband country in what is now Jilin Province. In this country, they are also famous for raising famous horses. They also call their officials Ma Jia, Dog Jia and Niu Jia, and take six kinds of animals as their official names. The jurchen who moved here all took this place as their surnames, so they were considered to be different clans with the same surname.

The second theory of the origin of Ma surname

1. Won surname Sun Boyi was born in Zhuan Xu and his ancestors were Zhao She. According to legend, Emperor Zhuan Xu had a granddaughter named Nvxiu, who was pregnant and gave birth because of eating swallow eggs. Boyi, the son of Daye, was given the surname of Won by Emperor Shun for his contribution to Dayu's water control. Da Lian, the son of Boyi, was born in Jisheng. There is a great-grandson named Zhao Fu, a driving doctor in Zhou Muwang. He was sealed in Zhao Cheng (now North Zhao Cheng, Hongdong County, Shanxi Province) for his meritorious service in quelling the rebellion in Xu Yanwang, and was called Zhao in history. After the establishment of Zhao. During the Warring States Period, the king of Zhao had a son named Zhao She, who was famous for his fighting skills. Because of his outstanding achievements, Zhao Huiwen was named Ma Fujun and was buried in Fengyi after his death. His descendants took "Ma Fu" as their surname at first, and later omitted the word "Fu", hence the name. Live in Handan. Historically, Ma's surname is authentic.

2. From his surname to Ma. For example, Maya in the Han Dynasty, formerly known as Ma, went to school and changed her surname to Ma.

3. Change his surname from his home. Horses in the Western Regions lived in Lintao Didao (now Gansu) and took horses as their surname. Yue Naihe, a Mongolian, was renamed Ma Shi and Zuchang because his ancestors were justice Fengxiang Military Forces at the end of the Jin Dynasty. After Ma Zuchang, it is Ma Shi. After Jin and Yuan Dynasties, it was the most popular name.

Migration distribution

ZIMMUR of Zhao She, also known as Zhao Jiang, lives in Handan. In 222 BC, the State of Qin destroyed the State of Zhao and moved Mu Zhi to Xianyang, Shaanxi. After Ma Xing, Ma Heluo moved to Fufeng Maoling (now northeast of Xingping, Shaanxi). Since then, Fufeng Maoling has become the development and reproduction center of horse history.

From the Han Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, horses became a famous family in Fufeng Maoling, and also distributed in some places in Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Hubei, Sichuan, Gansu, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other provinces.

At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Chao and Wang Shen entered Fujian accompanied by the history of Henan people and settled in Fujian. Xu Zhou, a native of Yin, worked less as a carpenter and enlisted in the army. Sun Ru took Qin Zongquan's Ministry into Yangzhou, and transferred people from another general, Liu Jianfeng, to occupy Tanzhou. In 896, Liu Jianfeng was killed in the north, and Ma Yin took the lead. He was appointed as the secretariat of Tanzhou by the Tang Dynasty, and later served as the special envoy of our Wu 'an Army. In 907, he was made King of Chu by the Later Liang Dynasty, and the State of Chu was established, which lasted for 45 years. Ma Fujun, a descendant of the 13th generation (it is impossible to spread to the 13th generation at this time, only 222 years ago 16-27), entered the customs with Liu Bang, the great-grandfather of the Western Han Dynasty (from 206 BC to 195 BC), and after entering the customs, he was a Han nationality. The Ma family first settled in Xianyang, then moved to Bianliang, Kaifeng, and lived in Lin 'an, Zhejiang.

In the early Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 127 to 1 130), the official medical horse worker went north to Guangdong with Song Gaozong Zhao Gou from Lin 'an, Zhejiang, and settled in the ancient port (now the north gate of Huicheng Town, Xinhui City). Ma Su was a professional doctor, a doctor of the five dynasties (the first sai-jo was a government doctor, the second sai-jo was a doctor in charge of the country, the third sai-jo was a doctor in charge of the country, the fourth sai-jo was a doctor in charge of punishment, Liang), and the third sai-jo was a satrap (the second sai-jo allowed the state government to take charge of the country, the third sai-jo was a doctor in Leizhou holding a frenzy, and the fourth sai-jo was a doctor in Yingde). After eight generations, the descendants of Magong in Zhibei have spread all over Xinhui Huicheng, Dongting, Jiangmen Chaolian, Gaosha, Ma Yuan, Taishan Baisha, Hengshan, Panyu xie cun, Zhicun, Conghua Mamen, Luogang Maple Garden, Sihui Gaoyao, Guangdong Shunde Shuiteng, Zhongshan Ancient Town and other places. Later, the descendants of Ma Gong in each room lived in Shantou, Chaozhou, Yangjiang and Gaoyou. Ma Bei Gong is the first member of Ma Kai family in Lingnan. Knowing that Beimagong's family background is prominent, the court has two gold purple seals (the second ancestor holds the title of Duke of the country and the third ancestor Jigong was sealed), so it is known that Beimagong's ancestral home is Jinzi Street (now in front of the Great Hall of the People in Huicheng Town, Xinhui City). It is for this reason that the ancestors of Ma's settlements in Lingnan and overseas used the name "Golden Hall".

The lineal consanguinity from the ancestors of Lingnan Ma's ancestors to Taishan Ma's ancestors are: the first ancestor, the second ancestor, the third ancestor, the fourth ancestor, the fifth ancestor, Liang Bi, and the sixth ancestor, Xing Xun. The seventh ancestor followed the fine tradition and passed Kangping from the eighth ancestor to Yao Zuohe and Di Zuo (living in Haochong, Hengshan Mountain). The eighth ancestor, Kangding, gave birth to three sons who moved from Xia Lang, Ma Yuan and Xinhui to Zongzhi of Hengshan Mountain. Due to the harsh living environment here and now, and the chaos in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty, most descendants of Kangding moved to Chaozhou, Shantou, Xinhui and other places.

Kangping, the eighth ancestor, had no children and was succeeded by Turban (named Tian Bo), the second son of his cousin Kangcheng. During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty (about AD 14 10), Kang Ping and his stepson Tian Bo moved from Xinhui, Ma Yuan to Baishamadong. Tian Bo envied Ma Dong's village, where the caves and mountains were beautiful, and the stone gate shook toward North Korea, so he settled down and hung up. Tian Bo, the ninth ancestor, gave birth to six sons. The eldest son fished, the second firewood, the third ploughed, the fourth ZIMMUR, the fifth oil refining and the sixth planting. He can be called the ancestor of the clan who made great contributions.

1995 and 1997, we conducted a systematic survey on the separation and population of the Ma family living in Taishan with several Ma family heads. The survey results show that there are Markov branches in many places in Taishan City, such as Baisha Town, Santai Town, Jiu Si Town, Hengshan Town and Wencun Town. Taishan horse has been handed down for 32 generations. According to the survey, the permanent population of this city is nearly 50,000. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 80,000 relatives living abroad in Xinhui, Enping, Gaozhou, Wuchuan, Yangjiang and Heshan in China.

After the Song Dynasty, the surnames of horses in Fujian, Guangdong and other places gradually increased. By the Ming Dynasty, people named Ma were all over Fujian. In the Qing Dynasty, some people moved to Taiwan Province Province, and then to Southeast Asia, Europe and America.