Gao (Gāo) surname has four sources:

1, from Jiang. According to the New Tang Book, Prime Minister's Genealogy Table, Yuan He's Compilation, Guang Yun and other materials, the eighth Jiang Taigong Sun Xi was given a high surname by his grandfather's son for his contribution to Qi Huangong. According to legend, Emperor Yan Shennong took Jiang as his surname because he lived in. Yan Di 16 Sun Jiang Boyi assisted Dayu in water control, and was named Lu Hou, so his descendants also took Lu as their surname. Jiang Shang, Jiang Boyi, the 37th generation grandson of Jiang Taigong, also known as Lu Shang, helped to destroy the Shang Dynasty and was sealed in Qi. Qi Chuan went to Sun Wengong and Lv Chi, the seventh squire, and Chiyou's son was sealed in Gaoyi, called Gongzi Gao. According to the aristocratic etiquette of the Zhou Dynasty, his grandson was named Gao Nuo after his ancestors. When Gao Biao was in the state of Qi, he welcomed his son Xiao Bai as the king, that is, Qi Huangong. Become the ancestor of the Gao family in Bohai. Gao Xi's sixth descendant, in the State of Qi, was pushed out by Gong Sun and Gong Sun's eggs and went to the State of Yan together. Sun Gaohong, the tenth son of Gao Zhi, was the Lord of Bohai Sea in the Eastern Han Dynasty. As a result, the Gaos in Bohai began to multiply and became the largest Gaos group.

2, from the word Wang Fu as the surname. According to Tongzhi Genealogy, during the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi's son was called Gongzi Qi, with a high word, and his descendants took the word as their surname. For Shandong high. Qi: Yes, son.

3. The compound surname is simplified from the word "Gao". Such as the family of Gaoche, the family of Gaotang, the family of Levin and the family of Gaoling.

Judging from his surname. According to the Book of the Northern Qi Dynasty, during the Sixteen Kingdoms period, Emperor Murong Yun of Houyan claimed to be a descendant of Levin, so he changed his surname, and his descendants changed their surname to Shan, which was called Gao. During the Northern Qi Dynasty, Levin, Wen Xuandi gave the Xianbei people an and Yuan the title of Xianbei people, followed by Yuan, the Han surname, who was named "Gao" because of his meritorious service in the Northern Qi Dynasty. Murong of Xianbei and Zhen Shi of Korea were later changed to Gao Shi; In Wei Dynasty, the Xianbei people had Lou's family, which was later changed to Gao's. Jurchen Shilie and Shi, Manchu Gaojia, Tong Jiashi and Jews who entered Kaifeng in the Northern Song Dynasty all changed their surnames to Gao. In the Northern Qi Dynasty, Gao Longzhi's surname was Xu. Because of his father's friendship with Gao Huan, he changed his surname to Gao.

Ancestor: Gao Xi. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Sun Wengong and Lv Chi, the son of Jiang Taigong VI, were named Gongzi Gao in Gaoyi (now southwest of Yuzhou City, Henan Province). Gao's son and his son are good friends. At that time, Sun started civil strife in the age of ignorance and killed him. Unite the ministers to quell the civil strife, make Sun ignorant, and make his son a monarch, that is, later. Because of his meritorious service in quelling the chaos, he was named Shangqing, and Gao, the son of his grandfather, was named Gao. So Gao was born. As the ancestor of Gao, he was respected and loved by generations of descendants.

Second, migration distribution.

Although Gao originated in Henan today, Gao was mostly in Qilu after the Spring and Autumn Period. According to historical records, from the Warring States to the Qin and Han Dynasties, the surname Gao may have moved to Hebei, Liaoning and other places. During the Qin and Han dynasties, with the separation and integration of the political situation, the population moved frequently, and people with high surnames gradually moved in Haihe River basin, the upper and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the Huaihe River basin and the upper and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. During the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, wars were frequent, and people with high surnames moved to the south on a large scale, and the "Guangling" county was formed during this period. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was recorded that Chen and his son led the army to explore Henan County, among which Gao participated, and Gao Gang, a member of Henan Gao surname, moved to Fujian (now Fujian Province). At this time, Dezhou Guo (now Jingxian County, Hebei Province) is still the main settlement of Gao surname since the Eastern Han Dynasty. During the Five Dynasties, people from Shi Xia, Shaanxi Province (now Sanmenxia City, Henan Province) established Nanping State in Jiangling Prefecture (now Jingzhou City, Hubei Province). Gao, a native of Taiyuan (now Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province), went to Sichuan as an official during the post-Shu regime. During this period, there were activities of people with high surnames in Jiangnan and Jiangbei. In the Song Dynasty, Gao moved from the Central Plains to the south of the Yangtze River to escape the war. For example, the descendants of Gao Qiong in Kaifeng settled in Haining, Lin 'an, Wenzhou and Yin Shan, and he Fei Gao Che settled in Jinling. During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, people with high surnames were mostly concentrated in the southeast, especially in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Today, Gao surnames are mainly distributed in Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Yunnan and other places. In the history of China, 65,438+04 people were crowned king, and the regimes of Beiqi, Yan and Jingnan were established. Gao is the first surname in China, with a large population, accounting for 1.2 1% of the Han population in China.

Third, historical celebrities.

Gao Chai: A native of Shandong today, a native of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period. One of the seventy-two disciples of Confucius, he was excellent in character and learning.

Gao Yang: A native of Jingxian County, Hebei Province, the son of Gao Huan, was in charge of the Eastern Wei regime for many years and established the Northern Qi Dynasty on behalf of the Eastern Wei Dynasty. Six emperors of Northern Qi lived for twenty-eight years.

Gao Shi: A poet in the Tang Dynasty, as famous as Cen Can, was called "Gao Cen". His "frontier poems" describe frontier scenery, soldiers' life and people's sufferings. His masterpiece is Ge Yanxing.

Gao Qiong: Born in Mengcheng, Bozhou in Song Dynasty, he was familiar with military and political affairs, brave and good at fighting. Many later generations became military generals, and Gao Qiong family was once known as "high generals".

Happy: Originally from Cai Zhou (now Runan, Henan). Born into a peasant family, when Yuan Wuzong became an official, he went to Yuzuo as Prime Minister.

Gao Qi: A native of Changzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. He is knowledgeable and good at poetry and songs. He, Yang Ji, Zhang Yu and Xu Ben are also called "Four Scholars of Wuzhong", and his works have been incorporated into The Complete Works of Gao Taishi by later generations.

Gao Wu: During Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, acupuncture technology played an important role in China medicine.

Gao Xiang: A native of Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, was one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou" in Qing Dynasty. Good at landscapes, sparse plum painting and portrait painting.

Gao E: A litterateur in Qing Dynasty, a native of Huangqi in the Han army, continued forty years after the Dream of Red Mansions.

Gao Jianli: At the end of the Warring States Period, Yan people were good at hitting buildings. Yan Taizi Dan sent Jing Ke to assassinate the King of Qin (Qin Shihuang) and see him off at Yishui. He knocked on the floor and Jing Ke sang. Later, he was killed for hiding a lead block in the building and beating Qin Shihuang.

Gao Xianzhi: A Korean in the Tang Dynasty, he was good at riding and shooting. His official positions were as follows: Hong Chunqing, Zhong Cheng, False Imperial Adviser and General You Yulin.

Gao Huaide: Zhengding, Hebei Province, was a general in the early Song Dynasty. Known for loyalty, charm, strength and courage.

Queen Gao: Today's queen is from Mengcheng, Anhui. She became a philosopher, used Sima Guang, abolished Wang Anshi's political reform measures, and was in power for nine years.

G: Prime Minister, seal the life of the Lord protector. He is now from Yingxian County, Shanxi Province. It has played a certain role in the implementation and development of paper money. It also played a certain role in the political and economic development of Jin State. Integrity.

Gao: Yuan Dynasty painter, named Yan Jing, first named Fangshan, Uighur, native of Datong (now Shaanxi Province), once lived in Yanjing (now Beijing), and later lived in Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province). Officials of the ministers of punishments. He is good at calligraphy and painting, and his representative works include Yun Heng Spiritual Practice and Zhu Mo Shi Po. As well as Zhao Mengfu, he is called "Zhao Wei in the south and Gao in the north".

Gao Zecheng: Yongjia, Zhejiang. A well-known dramatist in Yuan Dynasty, The Story of Pipa, a script of Southern Opera, was widely circulated.

Gao Wenxiu: Shandong native, a writer of zaju in Yuan Dynasty. It has the reputation of "Little Han Qing".

Gao Panlong, a native of Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, was one of the leaders of Lindong Party in Ming Dynasty. A great scholar once gave a lecture with Gu Xiancheng in Donglin Academy, calling it "thinking highly".

Gao: At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Mizhi (now Shaanxi) was a general of the peasant army and fought against the Ming Dynasty with Li Zicheng.

Gao Doukui: A native of Yinxian County (now Ningbo, Zhejiang Province) in the Qing Dynasty, he is famous for his exquisite medical skills, and has written medical works such as Medical Mind Method, Siming Medical Case and Blowing Hair.

Gao, a famous painter, was born in Jiaozhou (now Shandong) in Qing Dynasty. He is the author of Hu Hai Collection, Fu Nan Collection and Returning to Ji Yun.

Gao: A native of Panyu, Guangdong Province, the founder of Lingnan Painting School, joined the League in his early years and participated in the Huanghuagang Uprising.

Gao Shiqi, a native of Fuzhou, Fujian, is a writer of modern science and literature. He used to be a popular science consultant of the Central Ministry of Culture and honorary president of China Popular Science Association.

Fourth, the county hall number

Wang Jun 1

Bohai County: A county was established in the Western Han Dynasty and ruled in Fuyang (now Cangzhou, Hebei). This branch of the Gaos originated from Gaohong, the satrap of Bohai Sea in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Yuyang County: Yan will be expelled from Donghu County during the Warring States Period, located in the southwest of Miyun County, Beijing. Named after the Yang of Fish and Water.

Guangling State: Established in the Han Dynasty, it is now located in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province. This branch of Gao is behind Wu Danyang's satrap Gao Rui.

Henan County: It was changed from Han Dynasty to Sanchuan County in Qin Dynasty, located in Luoyang (now northeast of Luoyang City, Henan Province). This branch of Gao started after Gao of Xianbei nationality.

Liaodong County: During the Warring States Period, Yan was repulsed by the county built by East Lake, and the county was ruled by Xiangping (now Liaoyang City, Liaoning Province).

2. Hall number

Hou Yutang: Gao Chai, a disciple of Confucius, was killed in Philadelphia (now a county magistrate). Confucius commented on him: "firewood is also stupid." Zhu pointed out: "Stupidity means knowing too much". Cihai: Foolish and simple. Therefore, the descendants of Gao take "Hou Yu" as the Tang number of Gao.

Bohai Hall: In the Tang Dynasty, Gao Gu and Gao Chongwen were kings of Bohai County; Gao Huan in Northern Qi Dynasty was named King of Bohai Sea.

In addition, the main hall names of Gao surname are: Yuyang Hall, Liaodong Hall, Guangling Hall, Henan Hall, Youji Hall and Gonghou.