After the Second World War entered 1943, the fascists of Germany, Italy and Japan were defeated, and the heads of major allies of the United States, the Soviet Union, Britain and China frequently contacted each other to discuss post-war world arrangements. On the Korean issue, from June 5438 to August 0945, the heads of allied countries reached two major understandings.
1. South Korea should be independent after the war. This idea was first put forward by Chiang Kai-shek and supported by the United States and Britain. It was written into the Cairo Declaration published in June 1943 1 1, and the Soviet Union expressed "complete agreement" at the Tehran meeting. However, when Korea became independent after the war, the "Declaration" used such vague words as "for a considerable period of time", which shows that big countries have different ideas.
2. Implement "four-nation trusteeship" for North Korea. This was put forward by American President Roosevelt. He advocated that the United States, China and the Soviet Union should jointly govern North Korea for 30 years in order to cultivate its independence. The Soviet Union advocated four countries in the United States, plus Britain, but the trusteeship period should be shortened. The allies reached an agreement during the Yalta meeting. However, since then, there has been no consultation among major powers on the specific implementation measures of trusteeship.
1during the Potsdam meeting in July 1945, the military leaders of the United States and the Soviet Union reached an agreement on the scope of activities of the naval and air forces of the two sides after the Soviet Union declared war on Japan, but no clear boundaries were drawn between the two armies. Therefore, after the Soviet Union declared war on Japan on August 8, 1945, the Soviet army immediately landed in northern Korea and pushed south, probably occupying the entire peninsula, while the US military was still fighting fiercely with the Japanese in the Pacific Ocean far away from the peninsula. In this case, the State Council proposed that the US military immediately land in the south of the peninsula and head north to avoid the Soviet Union occupying the whole of Korea, but the US military thought it was impossible. In order to find a solution, they held an emergency meeting on the evening of August 10. Therefore, rusk (later US Secretary of State) and one of his colleagues put forward a plan to take the 38th parallel in central Korea as the dividing line between the US and Soviet ground forces. This proposal was approved by Truman on 13 and sent to the Soviet Union and the British government on 15. The Soviet Union agreed, because Stalin intended to make concessions in North Korea in exchange for the United States agreeing to the Soviet Union's occupation of Hokkaido, Japan (in fact, the United States insisted on monopolizing Japan without making concessions). /kloc-in March of 0/5, Japan surrendered. On September 2, MacArthur, commander-in-chief of the Pacific Allied Forces, announced the decision of the United States and the Soviet Union on the 38th parallel in an order. Soviet troops that had entered the south of the 38th line immediately retreated to the north of the line. On September 7th, American troops landed at the southern tip of the peninsula. Since late August, personnel and materials exchanges have been prohibited on both sides of the 38th parallel, railways have been cut off, communication links have been interrupted in early September, and North and South Korea have been divided.
After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union occupied Korea, the north was occupied by the Soviet Union under the socialist system and the south was occupied by the United States under the capitalist system.
After the founding of North and South Korea respectively, Soviet troops withdrew from the northern half of Korea in June 1948+02, and American troops also withdrew from South Korea in June of the following year.
After the founding of North and South Korea, the relationship between the two sides deteriorated rapidly, and bloody conflicts occurred from time to time on the 38th parallel. According to statistics, more than 2,600 armed conflicts, large and small, occurred on the 38th parallel of 1949, and the scale became larger and larger. By1June 25th, 950, an all-out war finally broke out.
The original intention of this war was to restore national unity by force, but the result of the three-year war was that both sides retreated to the 38th parallel. In this way, the confrontation between the two sides of the 38th parallel and the split state of the country have been maintained, which has been counted for 50 years.