At present, there are about 200,000 people engaged in audio work at the grassroots level in China, who are distributed in different jobs (meeting rooms in enterprises and institutions, multi-functional entertainment halls, cultural service centers at all levels, small troupes, community activity centers, etc.). ).

With the improvement of people's artistic appreciation level, the performance activities at the grass-roots level have higher and higher requirements for sound. Because most professional audio technicians at the grass-roots level are "half-way monks" without systematic study, and the audio equipment purchased by grass-roots units is limited, various problems have appeared in the performance process.

In a grass-roots performance, the sound technician bears the trust of the leader, affirms his working ability and attitude, and so on. In view of the problems often encountered by audio technicians in grass-roots performances, this paper briefly describes the workflow here, hoping to help professional audio workers at the grass-roots level.

Outdoor performance 1. After receiving the performance task 1, ask the relevant person in charge about the performance purpose, program type and whether there is a rehearsal; 2. Check the equipment, wires and accessories (whether they can be used normally); 3. Buy related items (such as batteries for wireless microphones, numbered stickers, etc.). ). Second, the site installation 1, the determination of power supply, pay attention to avoid connecting with the lighting power supply * * *; 2. Location of the main console: it should be placed at the front of the stage as far as possible, and the location where the range of sound reinforcement signals can be clearly heard is appropriate; 3. The speaker control mode is designed according to the specific space of the audience area (centralized or decentralized); 4, wiring, pay attention to the weak signal line don't follow the strong signal line.

Third, the sound system test 1. After confirming that the connecting wires of all equipment have been connected correctly, check whether the push rods and knobs of all equipment are in the correct position. Then power on, and visually check whether the power supply of each device is powered on; 2. Turn off the volume output potentiometer of the power amplifier, play a familiar music signal (slightly adjusted in the parameter balance of the mixer), push the total output (echo output) cone of the mixer to 0db, push the cone of the signal channel to 0db, and adjust the gain to make the output level indication of the mixer at 0db (optimal signal output state).

Check whether the indicator lights of mixer, periphery and power amplifier are normal; 3. Slowly turn on the volume potentiometer of the power amplifier (repeat each power amplifier) and check whether the corresponding speaker is amplifying normally (and check whether each unit is normal); 4. Pull down the total output (echo output) volume cone of the mixer, turn on the volume potentiometers of all power amplifiers to the maximum, and then slowly push the total output volume cone and echo volume cone of the mixer to 0db, check whether the amplification in the center of the audience area (and stage) is balanced (whether the phase is normal), and judge whether the sound pressure of the music signal is sufficient in each position of the audience area (and stage); Fourth, the sound source part test 1, the first accompaniment music channel test: adjust the parameter balance of the music signal channel of the mixer, listen to the secondary sound signal, and determine the three levels of its range. 2. The first vocal microphone channel test: adjust the parameter balance of the music signal channel of the mixer, check the pickup sensitivity of the microphone, observe the signal indicator light of the mixer, add reverberation effect and accompaniment music after the signal reaches a certain sound pressure, and make preliminary debugging with singing or vocals to determine the approximate proportion of vocals, music and effects.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Adjustment of audio processing equipment 1. Adjustment of equalizer: (This is the key adjustment link of the whole sound system) Equalizer has two important functions to make up for the imbalance of frequency response caused by sound field defects, one is to adjust timbre, and the other is to suppress howling caused by acoustic feedback. The adjustment of outdoor equalizer should be carried out under the condition of ensuring no howling.

The method is as follows: adjust the main sound reinforcement and listening system to the normal volume position (sound pressure required during performance), adjust all equalizer frequency points to 0db, and control the microphone channel push rod at any time (so as to pull it down for frequency attenuation when whistle occurs). (1), holding a microphone constantly walking on the stage, one by one to find the howling frequency.

(2) Place the microphone in a certain position on the stage (simulating the position that the actor will reach when performing). Hold down the main speaker (echo box), slowly raise the microphone volume, and find the whistle point.

Write down the found howling frequency point, and start the second timbre compensation of human voice and music signal when howling no longer occurs after attenuation to normal volume. After the equalizer is adjusted, the timbre will change greatly. At this time, according to the needs of the performance and the sense of hearing, with the parameter balance of peripheral equipment such as the mixer, make careful and patient secondary adjustment until you feel satisfied.

2. Adjustment of voltage limiter: It has two important functions: one is to reduce the dynamic range of program source, prevent signal overload and distortion, and protect power amplifier and speaker unit. The second is to improve the loudness of the program (the auditory characteristics can be clearly felt).

In small and medium-sized outdoor performances, it is suggested that the noise gate should be adjusted to -—20 db, the compression threshold level should be adjusted to-10 db to 0db, the compression ratio should be adjusted to 2: 1, the action time should be adjusted to 10ms, and the release time should be adjusted to 0.3s (The specific adjustment should be based on the needs of the field system and performance. )

3. Effect adjustment: adjust various independent and mixed effects programs according to human voice, listen to them one by one, record programs that can be used in performance occasions, determine their signal input and output, select 1~3 suitable effects, and call them out from the machine at any time according to the needs of the scene. Six, the overall system sound reinforcement test equipment adjustment, should carry out the overall sound quality inspection. 1. The requirements for music signals should be strong and full, the high notes should not be harsh, and the low notes should not be turbid.

2. Vocal signal (added effect) should be round and full, with a sense of hierarchy and presence. Different music and different people will have different changes in sound quality. At this time, it is necessary to carry out appropriate lifting and attenuation in the parameter balance on the mixer.

7. Before the runway performance (rehearsal) 1, collect music accompaniment and sort it out. Most of the grassroots performances are amateur performances, and the programs are all self-directed, self-directed and performed, with a wide variety of accompaniment tapes. Therefore, they must be sorted and classified before the performance: the corresponding programs should be numbered with stickers, and the collected accompaniment tapes should be registered in the programs and classified, such as T for tape and V for VCD disc. ) 2. Make sure that men and women host the microphone and singers sing the microphone.

2. What are the stage audio equipment?

Professional stage sound equipment includes: monitoring mixer; Power amplifier mixer; Portable mixer; Dynamic microphone; Capacitive microphone; Wireless microphone; Sound box; Monitor the speaker; Power amplifier speaker; Ultra-low speaker; Equalizer; Reverberator; Effector; Delay device; Compressor; Limiter; Sound separator; Noise gate; CD player; Recording card holder; DVD player; Projector; Modulator; Song ordering device; Headphones and many other devices.

Andhadhun is a professional who is responsible for all the audio equipment on the performance stage. First of all, all the sound sources need to be concentrated in the mixer, then divided into sub-channels and adjusted in groups, and then the audio output of the main channel is sent to the power amplifier and speaker to adapt to the acoustic characteristics of the venue.

Andhadhun needs to know the music characteristics of each link, the frequency that is the easiest to feedback, and the * * * ringing point of the venue, so as to control the volume of each song and balance it. In addition, we will also use effectors to improve the unused ones.

3. What does the stage sound equipment include?

A complete set of professional stage sound equipment includes:

1. mixer: monitor mixer, power amplifier mixer and portable mixer.

2. Power amplifier (power amplifier).

3. Microphones: dynamic microphones, condenser microphones and wireless microphones.

4. Speakers: main speaker, monitor speaker, amplifier speaker and ultra-low speaker.

5. Peripheral equipment: equalizer, reverberator, effector, delay, compressor, limiter, frequency divider and noise gate.

6. Auxiliary equipment: CD player, recording card holder, DVD player, projector, sound changer, song player, headphones and other equipment.

In addition to the above equipment, the stage performance site also needs professional Andhadhun. Andhadhun is a professional who is responsible for all the audio equipment on the performance stage. First of all, all the sound sources need to be concentrated in the mixer, then divided into sub-channels and adjusted in groups, and then the audio output of the main channel is sent to the power amplifier and speaker to adapt to the acoustic characteristics of the venue.

4. Technical knowledge: What should I pay attention to when debugging stage sound?

1. Professional sound equipment for stage performance is collectively called stage sound, which is an important branch of performance equipment.

2. Professional stage sound equipment includes: monitoring mixer; Power amplifier mixer; Portable mixer; Power amplifier; Dynamic microphone; Capacitive microphone; Wireless microphone; Sound box; Monitor the speaker; Power amplifier speaker; Ultra-low speaker; Equalizer; Reverberator; Effector; Delay device; Compressor; Limiter; Sound separator; Noise gate; CD player; Recording card holder; DVD player; Projector; Modulator; Song ordering device; Headphones and many other devices.

3. The debugging of audio engineering needs to be treated with a serious and responsible attitude. Only by fully understanding the design, construction, system structure and equipment performance can we get good debugging results.

4. Before debugging, we must carefully understand the system structure and equipment performance. Before installing and debugging new special equipment, we must carefully study its principle, performance and operation method. Fully grasp the situation of the system and equipment, formulate the debugging scheme, and estimate the possible situation during debugging.

5. Before debugging, conduct a comprehensive inspection of the system and equipment settings, and record the settings of each equipment.

6. Corresponding debugging methods should be adopted according to the characteristics of the system. Because of the different system index requirements and different equipment of acoustooptic engineering, if debugging is carried out according to the general engineering debugging method, the result is definitely not ideal.

5. What does the stage sound equipment include?

There are a lot of stage audio equipment, such as monitoring mixer, power amplifier, etc. There are certain power amplifiers inside, including various types of microphone equipment, which can realize the function of ordering songs during operation.

Stage audio equipment is generally operated by professional Andhadhun. All sound sources can be concentrated in the position of the mixer, and then quickly divided and adjusted to achieve better audio effects. Andhadhun must understand the requirements of each music link when operating the stage audio equipment, in order to achieve better * * * effect. It is necessary to control the volume of different music, add some special sound effects, realize the configuration of human voice and instrument sound, and do well the function of the equipment. The composition of stage audio equipment is actually very complicated, and there are some differences in accessories according to the area of the stage. Generally, it is necessary to know the volume requirements in advance when arranging to ensure that the built stage audio equipment can meet the basic requirements.

Stage audio equipment works for a long time in large-scale activities, so it should try to avoid impact and slight vibration when using it. Compared with other audio products, stage audio equipment uses power amplifier more frequently, and its structure has been carefully set to meet the reliability of long-term use. Power amplifier is the main component of stage sound equipment, which can exceed 30%. Reasonable operation can improve the performance and ensure the quality of the amplifier.

6. Basic knowledge of stage lighting and sound.

I think for audio, every household in our country will basically have an impact now, but there will be differences between good and bad. So how much do you know about the common sense of audio equipment? So how much do you know about the sound of stage lights? Then I will briefly introduce the basic knowledge about acoustics and stage lighting for you today, hoping to attract your attention.

1, when we watch the stage, we must pay attention to the colorful lights on the stage, because it can first arouse our visual perception. These lights that cause our visual perception should be the visible light that we often say in our lives. They are red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple, but according to a lot of experiments, we are also sensitive to yellow and green light, so we must pay attention to the distribution of light in the layout of stage lighting. When rearranging the lamps, we should pay attention to the brightness and transmission angle of light, which will not make people feel dazzling, but also give people a beautiful enjoyment with the ups and downs of music, so the stage lighting is an impact aesthetic feeling that gives people a sense of visual rhythm. And we should know that different colors have different effects on people's psychology, so most of us are listening to songs. If the songs are melancholy and low-key, we will feel that the colors emitted by the lights on the stage are cold. If the song is high-pitched, then we will feel particularly excited, so its effect is relatively hot.

2. Regarding the types and characteristics of stage lamps, generally speaking, we all use incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, neon laser lamps and other lamps on the stage. Some of these lights are manually controlled, some are mechanically controlled, some are sound controlled, and some are computer controlled, so they will give people different effects. Using spotlights will make local lighting effects better. It is highly directional and targeted. If there is more attention on the stage screen, we usually use spotlights. If we want to distract the focus of the stage, we will use back lights and floodlights, as well as the tallest ones we often see on the computer. The control of these lamps should be based on the form of the stage, so that a piece of music can achieve better results.

3. As for the sound on the stage, because the sound is converted into sound by electrical signals like this equipment, there will be great differences in the choice of sound. The following types are antimagnetic sound, full-band speaker, flat-panel sound and USB sound, which will have different effects. When matching sounds on the stage, we must pay attention to the characteristics of various sounds, so that the sound effect will be the best and the number of sounds will be moderate. Because loudness control is more important, if we play 500 rounds an hour, people will feel uncomfortable, as long as the music on the stage can't achieve the best effect. I'm here to introduce the basic knowledge about stage lighting and sound. If we want to hold a concert on campus or in other public places, we must master these basic common sense, otherwise the concert of 15 will not achieve the best effect, and some will have a contrast phenomenon. I hope it will help you.

Discarding finished.

7. What does a set of professional stage sound equipment include?

At present, there are many kinds of stage audio equipment on the market with different functions, which brings some difficulties to the selection of audio equipment. In fact, in general, professional stage audio equipment is composed of microphone+mixer+amplifier+speaker. Besides the microphone, sometimes you need a DVD and a computer to play music. Or you can use the computer directly. But if you want professional stage sound effects, you need not only professional stage builders, but also audio equipment such as effectors, sequencers, equalizers and voltage limiters.

Yihe Audio Company will introduce you to the main professional stage audio equipment:

1. mixer: A sound mixing device with multi-channel input. The sound of each channel can be processed separately, and the left and right channels can be output, mixed and monitored. It is an important equipment for sound engineers, recording engineers and composers to create music and sound.

2. Power amplifier: a device that converts an audio voltage signal into a fixed power signal to drive a speaker to sound. The matching condition of power amplifier is that the output impedance of power amplifier is equal to the load impedance of loudspeaker, and the output power of power amplifier matches the nominal power of loudspeaker.

3. Reverberation device: In the sound system of dance halls and large-scale stage lighting concert venues, a very important part is the reverberation treatment of human voices. After reverberation treatment, people's songs can produce a kind of electronic beauty, which makes the songs have unique charm. It can cover up some defects in the voice of some amateur singers through reverberation processing, such as hoarseness, guttural sound and sharp vocal cord noise, so that the voice is not so unpleasant. In addition, reverberation can also make up for the phenomenon that amateur singers are not rich in overtones in timbre structure because they have not undergone special vocal training. This is very important for the effect of stage lighting concert.

4. Frequency divider: The circuit or device that realizes frequency division is called frequency divider. There are many kinds of frequency dividers, which are divided into sine frequency dividers and pulse frequency dividers according to the different waveforms of the divided signals. Its basic function is to divide the full-band audio signal into different frequency bands according to the requirements of the combined speaker, so that the speaker unit can get the excitation signal of the appropriate frequency band and work in the best state.

5. Tone sandhi: Due to different voice conditions, the requirements for the timbre of accompaniment music are different when singing. Some people want to be lower, others need to be higher. This requires that the timbre of accompaniment music should meet the requirements of the singer, otherwise it will feel that singing and accompaniment are very harmonious. If you use an accompaniment band, you need to use a tone converter for tone modulation.

6. Pressure limiter: refers to the combination of compressor and pressure limiter. Its main function is to protect the power amplifier and speakers (speakers) and create special sound effects.

7. Effector: Audio equipment that provides sound field effect, including reverberation, delay, echo and special processing of sound.

8. Equalizer: It is a device for enhancing and attenuating different frequencies and adjusting the proportion of bass, midrange and treble.

9. Speakers and sound boxes: Speakers are devices that convert electrical signals into sound signals. According to the principle, there are electric, electromagnetic, piezoelectric ceramic electrostatic and pneumatic types.

Sound box, also known as sound box, is a device that puts the speaker unit into the box. It is not a pronunciation component, but an auxiliary component that displays and enriches bass. Generally speaking, it can be divided into three types: closed speakers, inverted speakers and labyrinth speakers. Speaker equipment is very concerned about the location factor given to it when building the stage.

10. Microphone: Microphone is an electroacoustic transducer that converts sound into electrical signals. It is the most diverse unit in the sound system. According to its directivity, it can be divided into non-directivity (circular), directivity (heart-shaped, hypercenter) and strong directivity, in which non-directivity is specially used for band pickup; Directivity is used to pick up sound sources such as sound and singing; Strong directivity is a kind of slender tubular microphone, called microphone, which is made by the principle of mutual interference of sound waves and used in art stage and news interview, especially to pick up the sound of a certain direction. According to the structure and application scope, there are dynamic microphone, aluminum tape microphone, condenser microphone, pressure zone microphone -PZM, electret microphone, MS stereo microphone, reverberation microphone, tuning microphone and so on. If you need this, you can come to Shenzhen Yihe.

8. What are the precautions for professional audio debugging on the stage?

Professional sound equipment for stage performance is collectively called stage sound, which is an important branch of performance equipment.

Professional stage sound equipment includes: monitoring mixer; Power amplifier mixer; Portable mixer; Power amplifier; Dynamic microphone; Capacitive microphone; Wireless microphone; Sound box; Monitor the speaker; Power amplifier speaker; Ultra-low speaker; Equalizer; Reverberator; Effector; Delay device; Compressor; Limiter; Sound separator; Noise gate; CD player; Recording card holder; DVD player; Projector; Modulator; Song ordering device; Headphones and many other devices. In celebration activities, the sound effect often determines the success or failure of the activity, so what matters should be paid attention to in the process of debugging the stage sound? Now Xinxin Celebration Company will share the following precautions with you.

Xinxin Celebration Company believes that the debugging of audio engineering needs to be treated with a serious and responsible attitude. Only by fully understanding the design, construction, system structure and equipment performance can we get good debugging results. In view of the common problems in general debugging, this paper introduces several technical links that should be paid attention to during debugging for your reference. (1) Before debugging, you must carefully understand the system structure and equipment performance, because only when you have a comprehensive grasp of the system and equipment can you make a feasible debugging plan according to the actual situation and predict what may happen during debugging. Otherwise, if we are not familiar with the system and equipment, the result will definitely be unsatisfactory.

Especially for some new and special equipment that we seldom use in general engineering, we must carefully study its principle, performance and operation method before installation and debugging. (2) Before debugging, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the system and equipment settings.

After all, the process of installation and single machine inspection is different from system debugging, and the setting of equipment is often arbitrary. Before debugging, some important setting buttons may be completely different from the actual requirements, so it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive inspection, and it is best to record the settings of each device. ③ Corresponding debugging methods should be adopted according to the characteristics of the system.

Because the system index requirements of acousto-optic engineering may be different, and the equipment involved is also different, if we blindly debug according to the general engineering debugging method, the result will definitely be unsatisfactory.