Beijing Opera, also known as "Beijing Opera", "National Opera" and "Pihuang". One of the most influential Han operas in China has a history of nearly 200 years. The name of Peking Opera first appeared in Shenbao in the second year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1876). After Class Four of Huizhou School entered Beijing in the late Qing Dynasty, Yu Jiaqing and Daoguang cooperated with Hubei artists and influenced each other. They gradually accepted some plays, tunes and performance methods of Kunqu opera and Shaanxi opera, and absorbed some folk tunes and Beijing dialect, and gradually integrated and developed. Peking Opera music belongs to banqiang, accompanied by Hu Qin (Jinghu), gongs and drums, Beijing Erhu and Qin Yue. The main vocals of Beijing Opera are Huang Er and Xipi, so Beijing Opera is also called "Pihuang". Other commonly used vocals in Beijing Opera are Nanbangzi, Siping Tone, Gaobazi and Chui. There are about 1000 traditional operas in Beijing Opera, and about 300 or 400 are often performed. Among them, besides Anhui Opera, Han Opera, Kunqu Opera and Shaanxi Opera, quite a few of them were created by Peking Opera artists and folk writers. Beijing opera is good at expressing political and military struggles with historical themes, and most of the stories are taken from historical romances and novel scripts. There are not only the whole drama, but also a large number of passbook dramas, in addition to some series. 2010 165438+1October16 Peking Opera was listed in the "Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity".

technique of expression

Singing, reading, doing and playing are four artistic methods and four basic skills of Beijing opera performance. "Singing" refers to singing, and "reciting" refers to reciting with music. The two complement each other and form a "song", which is one of the two major elements of the performance art of Beijing Opera. "Doing" refers to the physical movements of dancing, while "beating" refers to the skills of martial arts and somersaults, which are combined with each other to form "dancing", which is one of the two major elements of the performing arts of singing, dancing and Peking Opera. Opera actors are trained from these four aspects since childhood, although some actors are good at singing (singing old pedants), some are mainly engaged in work (Hua Dan), and some are mainly engaged in martial arts (Jason Wu). However, every actor is required to have four basic skills: singing, reading, doing and acting, in order to give full play to the function of opera art performance as a musical. Better performance and characterization of various roles in the play.

Beijing opera industry

The roles in Beijing Opera are divided into seven lines: health, Dan, Jing, Ugliness, Martial Arts and Fashion (walk-on), and then into four lines: health, Dan, Jing and Ugliness. Each line has a detailed division of labor. "Sheng" is a general term for male roles other than painted faces and clowns, and it is also divided into old students (bearded students), primary school students, martial arts students and baby students. "Dan" is a general term for female roles, which is divided into Zheng Dan, Hua Dan, Gui Mendan, Wu Dan, Lao Dan and Cai Dan (Dai Dan) Peking Opera blues. "Jing", commonly known as Hua Lian, mostly plays a male character with a certain special character, quality or appearance. The makeup mask has a loud tone and a rough style. "Net" is a singer, such as Bao Zheng; Erhualian, who mainly works, looks like Cao Cao. The "ugly" who plays the role of comedy is commonly known as the little face because he put a small piece of white powder on his nose.

Peking opera facial makeup design

Painting a certain color on a person's face symbolizes his personality and characteristics. The role and fate are a major feature of Beijing opera, which can help to understand the plot. Simply put, red face contains praise, representing loyalty and courage; Black face is neutral, representing fierce wisdom; Blue face and green face are also neutral, representing rebellious heroes; Yellow face and white face are derogatory, representing fierceness; Gold and silver surfaces are mysterious, representing gods and demons. Facebook originated from ancient religions and dance masks, and this tradition has been preserved in many local operas today.

The evolution and development of Facebook is not the product of someone's imagination, but the observation, experience and synthesis of life phenomena, as well as the continuous analysis, judgment and evaluation of the characters in the play, which gradually formed a complete set of artistic techniques.