dance drama
Drama dance, or bebali, is a narrative form, which was introduced to Bali by Magabahi Empire in Java and Gabashi Empire in Bali, and further developed in the court of Bali. Dance dramas are sometimes performed with temple fairs and Aodalan, and at the same time they please gods and believers, but they are not necessarily part of the ceremony.
In addition to the traditional dance drama forms, there are new dance forms that have been gradually developed in the past hundred years, many of which are derived from sacred forms and secular situations, including tourist performances. Sacred forms and structures may still exist, but sacrifices and prayers are omitted, and even some dance performances focus on political issues, such as the Tarita sponsored by the state. Other modern dance dramas, such as Andromeda, were created by teachers and students of public performing arts schools.
Gambu
Of all the dance dramas, the formal and noble Gambu is the most important, because many modern dance dramas are based on Gambu. At first, Gambu was an entertainment performance in the court, but it was the performance that had the greatest relationship with religious ceremonies. Now Gambu's performance is regarded as an indicator of the success of the Odalan ceremony in the temple fair. In the past, Gambo was played by men in all roles. Nowadays, women play the role of women, and may also play the role of male princes.
Gambu's story is based on the romantic story of a Javanese cultural hero who calls himself Panji or Mara. In gorgeous costumes and exquisite dance performances, dancers are accompanied by orchestras. The main musical instruments are bamboo flute, pipa, drum and other percussion instruments. The dialogue is Kawi in ancient Javanese, accompanied by accompaniment or comedy appreciation, and Gambu's repertoire consists of scenes with accurate speed control.
Vayenon Shadow Play (King Vayenne)
Shadow play can be said to be the most dramatic performance of all dance dramas. The content is based on the Indian epic Ramayana, and it is performed by the theater Wayan, but it plays a man (wong) instead of a puppet. Of course, some parts need to be adapted and the story is simplified. The theater shortened the lengthy dialogue, in other words, added a concise introduction to the dance. Except for the whole story of Ji 'an Pujungan, most of the performances only show a part of Lamaya's story. Vayenon's performances are usually purely entertaining. However, in Tejakula, a village in Burun, there is one of the best-preserved Vayenon masks. During the 2 10-day temple fair, villagers performed "Wayan Weng" in the second atrium of the temple. The performance is regarded as a sacred performance, and the mask is magical.
Penasal (Ugly Servant) is an important role in Vayenon's performance, not only because he is Kawei's translator and storyteller, but also a popular comedian. Puns and farce performances are important parts of performances. Dance dramas are full of action and vitality. The war between the monster and the monkey army is over. In Vayenon and Ramaya, the evil king Lavoin will never be killed.
Leigong dance
It is said that the dance "Le Gong" developed by a prince in Ji 'anya can be said to be a complete realization of female beauty and elegance. The original version of Sangxiangle Palace is a sacred dance, which requires wearing a mask. Later, young boys performed without masks. Now, three pre-adolescent girls perform short stories, as most tourists see.
The dance itself is a series of surprises. Dancers are dressed in luxury from head to toe, and there are headdresses decorated with flowers. Dancers must change from one role to another, for example, from maid to crow, from princess to prince, and they must not disturb the harmony of dance.
The first solo shows the whole paragraph of the Regong dance, and then the wonderful duet has two little dancers imitating each other's movements. They fanned their fans, their palms moved in a strange convulsive way, their eyes turned left and right excitedly, accompanied by continuous and consistent movements until they suddenly stopped.
Kobaya
Another admirable dance in Bali is Kebyar, which started as a pure dance. Young women wear men's clothes to perform music. This is called kebyar bebanchian, and it is also a neutral kebeya. It can be performed by men or women. If the dancers are performing young men, there is no story.
In the 1920s, I Ketut Mario, a talented young dancer, further developed the Ke Bai Ya dance and became the Ke Bai Ya duduk, who performed the Tuobang Workers' Troupe, jumping a stick in an exaggerated way, which was between pure dance and action.
This kind of dance shows the feelings, courage, shyness and sadness of young people through the performance of music. Because dancers are sitting (duduk), subtle movements and gestures such as wrists, elbows, fingers and torso, plus facial expressions, are the real talents of dancers.
Aja (Arca)
Aga is a folk valley drama developed in 19 century. Its characteristic is that dancers must be well-trained singers.
Technically, this is a rather difficult form of entertainment. The content is based on the romance of Magabahi era in East Java, full of emotions and exaggerated plots. At first, all the performances were performed by men. In the 1920s, women replaced men. Because women's voices are considered more beautiful than men's, this is a welcome innovation. Nowadays, many Aga actresses have become singers.
Kochisak
Cak or Kocsak dance is a famous monkey dance, which was created by villagers in bdedulu and popularized by Spears in the 1920s. Its origin is the sacred dance of Sangxiang, plus the scenes and stories of Ramayana. Cochisak dance is composed of a series of beautiful and discordant sounds. One hundred people, representing the monkey soldiers in Ramayana, sat in a circle and began to sing. Their arms reach out to the sky and their fingers open, but their voices and actions have no other meaning except to drive away demons, just like the early dance of mountains, seas and oceans.
Young and plump
Janger means passionate, basically interesting dance. At the beginning of the 20th century, choreography was composed of male and female opposing dance styles, which combined the roots of Bali, Indonesia and the West. 12 female dancers dressed in traditional costumes performed slow and elegant dance steps to show the influence of regong dance. When they entered the dance, they sang simple Balinese folk songs. 12 male dancers appeared behind female dancers, with beards on their faces, and their costumes were often rhapsody, such as sunglasses, tennis shoes or exaggerated military uniforms. Compared with female dancers, boys' dances are in sharp contrast. Actions consist of trembling, twisting and stabbing, plus extremely excited actions and growling. Yangko is usually a prelude to a theatrical performance.
Prembon is actually a ballet composed of different kinds of dances. Literally, it is a satirical farce, which is performed for tourists. It is represented by a series of scenes of Regong dance, Kebaiya dance or other dances, and there is no dialogue or story.