The early performances of Kunming Lantern Festival were combined with fire, and were organized by the Lantern Festival during the Spring Festival and the Lantern Festival. Before the performance, there will be a ceremony to greet the lamp god, and the steward will distribute lamp stickers everywhere. The performance team is led by lanterns with the words "Taiping Lantern" and lanterns with the words "Good weather, peaceful country and safe people".
After crossing the mountain and Wu Wen Band, Lion Lantern Dragon Team, Wushu Acrobatic Team, stilts, dry boat, donkey running, seedling drum and overlord whip, the characters in the play performed along the way to congratulate those who received the lamppost. This form of performance is also called "harmony lamp". Because it is a performance while walking, the masses also call it "crossing the street lamp."
There was a light show in Kunming during the Qing Dynasty. Some people performed plays such as In-laws in the Country, Watching Lights for the Blind, Fishing and Zhu Maichen Divorcing His Wife, as well as minor tunes such as Jujube Branches, Golden Thread, and Inverted Slurry. Due to the continuous enrichment of performance content, the performance form has also developed to sing in the square to satisfy the masses.
During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, amateur lantern singing organizations such as lantern festivals, lantern classes and lamp sheds were established in rural areas. Some lantern festivals are not only performed during the Spring Festival, but also invited to perform or teach opera in neighboring villages. The appearance of Li Benzhong, Fan Yongshou, Li Yongnian and other Lantern Festival teachers and singers further promoted Kunming Festival.
Li Benzhong is a generalist in lantern art. He is proficient in life, Dan, cleanliness and ugliness, and he is proficient in playing and singing. He is a family of lanterns, and he has four sons, all of whom teach lanterns skills and have their own specialties. The eldest son Rui Qinggong is an actor, the second son Shu Qinggong is a clown, the third son Huai Qinggong is a student, Dan plays the piano at the same time, and the fourth son is mixed. The family often performs on the same stage, which is full of tacit understanding and handy. Especially in In-laws in Rural Cities, father-son cooperation is full of fun.
Li Benzhong's descendants include Yang from the village, Xu and Pu Shangyi from Jiangwei village, Li from Xin Vinegar village and Li Kexing from Songhuapu, all of whom have passed away, but they all have their own descendants who have contributed to the cause of Chenggong Lantern Festival from generation to generation.
Fan Yongshou is from Kunming. He was influenced by the village lantern class since he was a child. Later, he joined the Ming lighting class and studied under the old artist Chen Ding. He is both a worker and a student. Fan Yongshou was born with a good voice, sweet timbre and clear singing. He is good at imitating all kinds of women's life words and deeds, and is integrated into the performing arts of lanterns, such as Wu Feixia in Fishing, Aunt Wang in Filling the Tank, and Hu Dou's wife in Persuading Gambling. His characters are different, vivid and graceful, and he is deeply loved by the audience.
Later, under the auspices of Chen Ding, Li Xiangyun and Fan Yongshou, Ming's floor lamp class had a neat lineup and active performances, which attracted politicians and celebrities from various provinces and cities to watch and gave high praise. Famous actors of this kind of lights are often invited to give lectures and performances in neighboring counties and districts. Fan Yongshou was invited to Shangzhuang and Gangtou in Guandu District. Teaching lighting communication in Phuket, Shalang and other places in Xishan District.
Subsequently, at the invitation of Yunnan Lantern Troupe, Fan Yongshou and Li Xiangyun dictated and sang eight traditional operas of Kunming Festival, such as Fishing, Jujube-beating, Matchmaker's Car, Merchant's Travel, and 28 traditional tunes, such as Jujube-beating Bar, which were proofread and recorded by Zhao Yin and Yang Fang respectively, and were selected for Yunnan Traditional Lantern Festival Plays. He made great contributions to the development and spread of Kunming Lantern Festival.
Li Yongnian loved lantern art when he was a child. Artists see that he is clever and like to teach him. /kloc-at the age of 0/3, she played the shepherdess in the lantern drama Little Sheep, and won unanimous praise from the audience for her singing skills and realism. Since then, she has often performed with the lantern class. He has always been open-minded and eager to learn. While studying Dandan's figure and singing skills, he also studied instruments such as Hu Qin and Qin Yue all the year round.
Li Yongnian likes to get to the bottom of the matter when he asks for advice from old artists. He was also inspired by the singing of Mei and Cheng in Peking Opera, and carved lanterns from the aspects of urgency, gravity, knot and rhyme, which made great contributions to the development of lanterns.
Li Yongnian's performance is real and natural. In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, he joined the Peasant Salvation Lantern Troupe, and was well received for playing the role of Cui Hua Jr. in Zhang Xiaoer's Join the Army. His singing is loud and clear, and his performance on the grass-roots team in the country can spread for miles. His bitterness is euphemistic and implicit, sincere and sincere, moving people with emotion. Because of his excellent singing skills, the audience called him Mr. Daoqing.
These outstanding artists have made great contributions to the development of Kunming Lantern Opera.
19 12, ZhaJie Dongyue Temple formed a lantern class and performed in the outdoor theater of Jinbi Entertainment Park, namely Kunhua Hospital. 1924, Kunming Mingjia Lantern Festival was invited to Wuhua Mountain to perform for Tang as the governor of Yunnan, and the Kunming Lantern Festival entered the beginning of the provincial capital performance. But later, because of the war, the Lantern Festival was forced to disband, and the performance of the Lantern Festival was completely amateur. The Lantern Festival artists still returned to the countryside or teahouses to perform seasonal performances or oratorios.
After 1945, a large number of accomplished and influential lantern artists in Kunming formed various forms of professional and semi-professional lantern clubs and entered some small theaters in Kunming and other cities for perennial business performances. In addition to performing the traditional repertoire Lantern, there are a large number of large-scale repertoires, such as Liu Yinji, Qin Xianglian, Li Sanniang, Eight Immortals Map, Four Places in Henan, Pearl Tower, Liantai Opera, etc., as well as Three Mothers' godsons, Su Sanqi Festival and Broken Bridge Club.
After 1946, Kunming lantern artists performed in rehearsal tea rooms in Qingyun, Huafeng, Kunming, Taihuachun, Jusheng and Taihe. In order to maintain business and increase the number of performances, some Quyi songbooks and Yunnan opera plays were transplanted, such as Four Faces of Henan, White Sail, Python, Huaiyin, Golden Bell Cover and Qin Xianglian. And Yunnan opera artists participate in the performance, bringing some parts of Yunnan opera into singing, which is called "light clip drama".
The performance of Lantern Festival has promoted the development of drama, vocal cavity, costume and accompaniment of Lantern Festival.
1949, Qingyun Street established the first Qingyun Theater dedicated to singing lanterns in the province, and some professional lantern classes sang lanterns on the spot. These teams are organized by a few artists, and there is no special team name.
It takes a long time to sing in the theater, and the lantern class organized by Xiong has a great influence on the lantern activities in Panlong District. They transplanted a lot of Yunnan opera plays, such as "Looking About Henan" and "Civet cats for princes". Then a teahouse singing lanterns was built in the east of changchun road, and the lantern class organized by Ma Yunshun sang in the teahouse, which also had a certain influence on the lantern activities in Panlong District.
After the founding of New China, the government organized lantern artists scattered in Kunming, and established Kunming Lantern Workers Association on 1950. 195 1 At the beginning of the year, on the basis of fraternity, Kunming People's Lantern Troupe, a folk professional troupe under collective ownership, was formally established. The venue of the Lantern Festival is located in the Confucian Temple. After the establishment of the Youth League, the first batch of young female students were recruited, ending the history that lanterns have been playing women disguised as men.
With the participation of new literary and art workers, a number of traditional lantern dances, such as Ten Sisters, Dachashan and Three Visits to Relatives, were edited and adapted. At that time, "Three Visits to Relatives" was packed for more than 80 consecutive performances in the First Theater of the Confucian Temple, which was a sensation.
1958 In July, the first state-owned professional lantern performance group, Kunming Lantern Troupe, was established. Over the years, due to the government's attention, the lantern art in Kunming has developed steadily and become an art form loved by urban and rural people. Many well-known actors, such as Yuan Liuan and Wang Yuxia, have appeared, and they have become reserved programs often played by radio stations, recorded on tapes and widely spread. Liu Yuan 'an's vocals were also made into tapes by China Opera Academy and included in Selected Performances of Artists in China.
At the same time, the lanterns in Midu are becoming more and more mature. In 1950s, the Midu folk song "Running Water", which spread all over the country, was known as the Oriental Serenade and made Midu famous in the world.
Midu Lantern Festival plays an important role in all branches of Yunnan Lantern Festival. Influenced by Bai, Yi music and Han folk songs, Midu Lantern has many unique folk tunes, such as Ten Big Sisters, a folk song in Midu mountain area.
Like lanterns in other places, Square Lantern Festival is a traditional performance form of Lantern Festival in Midu. Generally, performances in the streets of the square are divided into two categories: small singing and big singing.
Small singing, also called small field, is the general name of various lantern dances and small singing. The performance time is short, the aria has no complete story and characters, and it is often performed between big singing programs. The tune used in small singing is called minor, which is very rich. Ten elder sisters, embroidering sacks, picking flowers with double flowers, picking tea for New Year's greetings and often singing. Minor is also the basis of singing.
There are two kinds of singing: flower drum and passbook. The story of ancient paintings is very simple, mainly expressed by the songs and dances of characters. There are more than ten programs such as Fengyang ancient paintings and Chengmen ancient paintings.
The passbook has relatively complete stories and characters, but the elements of song and dance are very strong, and the performance time is generally much longer than that of the small singing drum. There are usually two or three people on the scene, and the theme is very close to real life. Clothing, props and makeup are very simple and full of life.
The early Midu lanterns existed in the form of folk social fire activities for a long time, and it was not until the 1950s that they gradually stepped onto the stage and developed into a relatively mature art. ..
Since 1956, Midu Lantern Troupe has created and performed a number of plays with a certain artistic level. For example, the historical drama Love between Yi and Han, which reflects Li, a national hero of Yi nationality, the small and medium-sized modern lantern drama Rainbow and Man, transplanted drama, promotion and so on. Greatly promoted the development of Midu Lantern Art..
There is a proverb in Midu: "Ten Midu people, nine can sing lanterns." Although the lanterns have stepped onto the stage, the roots of Midu lanterns are still deeply rooted in the people. Lantern-singing activities are almost all over the urban and rural areas of Midu, with dam areas with concentrated population, Mizhi in the southwest and niujie in the southern mountainous areas as the main epidemic areas.
As far as Mizhi Township is concerned, about 20 kilometers south of the county seat, the traditional Mizhi Lantern Festival is held on the fifteenth day of the first month every year. By then, there will be thousands of people, four or five thousand actors and more than forty kinds of tricks staged in Longda. The grand occasion of Mizhi Lantern Festival reflects the entertainment and mass of Midu Lantern Festival.