I. Traditional festivals of the Lunar New Year

The first day of the first lunar month is the Spring Festival. Spring Festival is a traditional festival for China people. Since the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, people have been busy grinding flour, making tofu, steaming rice cakes, killing pigs, chickens and sheep, going to the market to buy new year's goods, buying clothes, cleaning houses, putting up couplets, frying fish, fried meatballs, fried lotus root boxes and wrapping jiaozi. Just after dark on New Year's Eve, every household began to light a "lantern hall" in front of the door. The host picked up the hay (cereal grass) already prepared and tied it into piles. After lighting it, some took a bunch of torches, lit every corner of every room and yard, and finally piled it on the fire at the gate. Which direction the hay falls means which side will be lucky and rich in the coming year. It is one of the most important customs to eat New Year's Eve and keep old. Bao jiaozi, eating jiaozi, inviting family members and setting off firecrackers are the main contents of New Year's Eve. Since CCTV held the Spring Festival Gala, watching it has become the main activity on New Year's Eve. At midnight, as the bell of TV station rang at 0 o'clock, jiaozi was ready and firecrackers were set off. Cooked jiaozi should be offered to ancestors first, and then the whole family will eat around the table. At this time, firecrackers are one after another, just like "firecrackers are one year." Happy New Year is the climax of Spring Festival activities. Early in the morning, people in the city began to pay New Year greetings. When people in the city pay New Year greetings, acquaintances meet and shake hands with each other, saying some auspicious words like "Happy New Year". In the countryside, you should worship your elders first, and then worship your elders. In some places, it is necessary to kowtow to ancestors and living elders during New Year's greetings. The first day of the Spring Festival is the most taboo. Married girls can't go back to their parents' home on the first day, thinking that they will be poor. No noodles on the first day of school. It is said that eating noodles for a year is a constant problem. You can't smash things, you can't move a needle and thread, you can't sweep the floor, and illegal activities are all "breaking money." Also avoid empty pots. You must put some jiaozi, steamed bread and the like in the pot. If the pot is empty, it means starvation. The next day and the fourth day, the married daughters returned to their parents' homes with their husbands. People take their husbands back to their parents' homes to visit relatives on the second day of the lunar new year, which is called "returning home". When a daughter goes back to her mother's house, she should bring an even number of gifts, usually live chickens and live fish, symbolizing "fish every year" and "good luck". The bride's family will hold a banquet in honor of her son-in-law. The son-in-law is a guest of honor in her parents' house on this day. When eating and drinking, she should sit in her seat, and her parents should invite relatives and friends to accompany her son-in-law. The fifth day of the first month is commonly known as the fifth day. It is said that after this day, many taboos can be broken. Eat jiaozi according to the old habits. On this day, every household will pack jiaozi and call for "breaking the Five-Year Plan" to make up for the "breaking" of the Five-Year Plan. The family drinks and has a reunion dinner, talks about their age and avoids saying unlucky things; Children set off fireworks, symbolizing "collapse" and welcoming lucky stars. According to the old custom, women are not allowed to use knives and needles or raw rice and vegetables before the fifth day. All the meals they ate before the fifth day were cooked years ago, so they can be heated when they eat. Lantern Festival The fifteenth day of the first month is the Lantern Festival, and the main activities are lighting and watching lanterns, so it is also called the Lantern Festival. In the past, ordinary people used flour to make lanterns of the zodiac, which were meticulous in workmanship and vivid in image. It means eliminating diseases and disasters and prospering people. In the evening of Lantern Festival, farmers used sweet potatoes, radishes and Chinese cabbage bumps as lamp holders, plugged in wicks, hollowed them out, filled them with soybean oil, lit the wicks, and placed them on both sides of doors, incense racks, in front of stoves, stone mills, poultry pens, cattle, horses and sheep sheds, trees, toilets and other places. After entering the 1990s, candles were basically used. The newly-married daughter-in-law will go back to her mother's house for the fifteenth birthday. Legend has it that it will take fifteen to three years to get to my husband's house, or my father-in-law will die. Developing recreational activities is an important part of the Lantern Festival. There are various forms of costumes, such as drums, lion dances, dragon lanterns, stilts, roller boats, Hua Gun, yangko, drumming, driving donkeys and skinning.

On the Lantern Festival, urban residents have the custom of eating Yuanxiao, but it is still the most common in rural jiaozi. On the night of Lantern Festival, urban and rural residents first went to Huanxiu Park to watch the fireworks show held in Pingyin No.4 Middle School, and then went to the square to watch the Lantern Festival.

February 2nd is said to be the day when dragons raise their heads. On this day, every household has the custom of frying scorpion claws (boiled beans, that is, fried soybeans). It is said that eating "scorpion claws" can keep you from being stung by scorpions and attacked by the five poisons for a year. People also use plant ash to meander outside the door and scatter it in the yard, which is called "luring dragons home", so that all insects can't move. Others use plant ash to lay a cellar in their yard and sprinkle grain for a bumper harvest. In Tomb-Sweeping Day, the days after beginning of winter 105 are cold food, while the days after vernal equinox 15 are Qingming. In the old days, people often begged for a new fire with wicker. Tomb-Sweeping Day is a day to sweep graves and worship ancestors, which is also called "Ghost Festival" among the people, and it is always called "Three Ghosts Festival" with July 15th and October 1st. Cold food and Qingming Festival were originally two festivals, but most people combined them into one. Generally called Tomb-Sweeping Day, a few places are called Cold Food Festival, but the festival is in Tomb-Sweeping Day. Every household in Tomb-Sweeping Day boiled eggs this morning, and it is said that they ate "enigmatic" egg eyes. In fact, Tomb-Sweeping Day was initiated by the minister of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period. He died in a willow cave in the mountains. In order to prevent others from finding him, people planted willows all over the mountain to disturb him. Since then, it has become a custom for people to plant wicker on both sides of their home to commemorate meson push. Dragon Boat Festival The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival. The most common saying is to commemorate Qu Yuan, a great poet in the Warring States Period. On this day, almost every household eats eggs and zongzi, sticks moxa sticks at the gate, and some even add peach branches, which is said to ward off evil spirits. The Summer Solstice Festival is one of the 24 solar terms in China lunar calendar, which usually occurs around June 22nd in the solar calendar. On this day, the sun shines the longest. As the saying goes, "The solstice in winter is the solstice in jiaozi in summer", and many places want to eat cold noodles on this day to show their punishment. After the cooked noodles are fished out, put them into the cold water just fished out of the well, and then eat them after adding water to show that they can be "cold". On June 6, the sixth day of the sixth lunar month, it is necessary to "take a shower to dry clothes; See GuXiu, please aunt ". It is said that on this day, people have to dry clothes and scholars have to dry books, and they will not be moldy or moth-eaten for a year. Sunbathing during the day and bathing and washing feet at night can avoid prickly heat. The seventh day of the seventh lunar month, also known as Begging for Clevership Festival or Daughter's Day, is the legendary day when cowherd and weaver girl meet. On this day, girls get together to learn knitting and embroidery skills from each other. In the evening, jiaozi should be wrapped and presented. Some of them will play late into the night, and they will go to the grape trellis to listen to the cowherd and the weaver girl sing. A woman who heard the conversation is said to be a clever girl and a clever daughter-in-law in textile and embroidery. The Mid-Autumn Festival is the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th of the lunar calendar. Eating moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival is a long-standing custom. On Mid-Autumn Festival, children who leave home will try their best to reunite with their parents. Every household should buy food, drink wine and enjoy the moon. In the Book of Changes, the Double Ninth Festival defines "nine" as yang number. The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is very important, so it is designated as the Double Ninth Festival. Before and after the festival, the autumn is crisp, the wind is clear and the moon is bright, and you can climb mountains to make poems or enjoy chrysanthemums and drink. On Pingyin and Double Ninth Festival, the custom of hunting has been passed down. At night, they eat their prey and drink to their heart's content. Starting from 1988, Shandong Province has designated the ninth day of the ninth lunar month as "Old People's Day". On this day, the relevant units will organize the elderly to hold symposiums, go out to play and other activities. On the first day of October, the younger generation usually goes to the grave to add soil to worship their ancestors. The scale of going to the grave can be large or small, but it is commonly known as "small going to the grave". Laba Festival is the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. On Laba Festival, every household cooks Laba porridge, pickled Laba garlic, and some even make jiaozi. It is said that drinking Laba porridge can increase happiness. The 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month is a day of kindness (sacrifice), commonly known as the Lunar New Year Festival. It is said that the gods went to heaven on this day and everything was forgiven. At this time, people who are too poor to get married are called "rushing out of chaos."

Second, the Gregorian calendar important festivals

New Year's Day (Gregorian calendar year) 65438+ 10/is New Year's Day, and public officials have a day off. Units generally have to raise the national flag and plant colorful flags. International Women's Day March 8 is International Women's Day, and female employees can have a half-day holiday. Some units organize female workers to carry out activities. Arbor Day March 12 is Arbor Day, and all units organize tree planting activities. International Labor Day May 1 Sunday is International Labor Day, with a three-day holiday. Generally speaking, the unit raises the national flag, plants colorful flags and organizes celebrations. Since 2000, the state has changed the three-day holiday in May 1 and the first and last two Saturdays and Sundays into a seven-day holiday, which has become the best time for residents to travel. May 4th Youth Day May 4th is May 4th Youth Day, and young people everywhere organize celebrations. International Children's Day June 1 is International Children's Day, and schools usually organize children to hold celebrations. On July 1 day, the anniversary of the birth of the * * * Party in China, many * * * Party organizations in China held celebrations, and when they celebrated once every five years, the activities became more and more grand. Army Day August 1 Day is the anniversary of the founding of the China People's Liberation Army. Party committees, governments and troops have all held symposiums to carry out visiting and condolence activities. Teachers' Day in September is 10. Party and government departments and schools held celebrations to commend some model teachers. National Day 65438+1 October1is a national day with a three-day holiday. Party and government departments raised the national flag, planted colorful flags and held celebrations. Like the May Day, a seven-day holiday is formed, and you can go out for a trip. When celebrating every five years, there are more activities and more celebrations. Third, import festivals.

With the continuous expansion of reform and opening up, some foreign festivals spread to China and gradually formed a market. Mainly includes:

Valentine's Day February 14 is Valentine's Day. On this day, all the flower shops and streets in the county are filled with roses, and all kinds of chocolates are placed in conspicuous positions in big shops and supermarkets for young men and women to give gifts to each other. April Fool's Day is April Fool's Day. Originated in France. A typical activity is to play jokes on each other and fool each other in exchange for entertainment, regardless of gender, age and age. Mother's Day The second Sunday in May is Mother's Day. Originated in America. On this day, many people express their love for their mothers in various ways. Children, and sometimes even grandchildren, should choose suitable cards and gifts for their mothers. Flowers, candy and beautiful gifts for women are the most popular. Mothers especially cherish the gifts made by their children. Father's Day The third Sunday in June is Father's Day. Originated in America. More than 20 countries around the world celebrate Father's Day through church ceremonies, sending cards and gifts. Christmas Day 65438+February 25th is Christmas Day. Christmas is an important festival in Christianity. On this day, all major shops and restaurants in the county will post photos of Santa Claus, decorate Christmas trees at the door, or dress up as Santa Claus to attract customers.