According to the pre-Qin classic "Ten Weddings in Yi Li", the wedding at that time was not as lively as the jubilation of later generations, and the dress was simple and solemn, even somewhat dignified. The new husband's dress is called "Juege Duan Xuan", while the bride's wedding dress is "pure clothes". Therefore, the bride and groom's dress belongs to the mysterious light green dress. This is the most mysterious and noble color in the pre-Qin period.
Zheng Xuan, a master of Confucian classics in the Eastern Han Dynasty, explained to the dark black in Zhou Li Ren Ran that "Xuanren, the color of heaven and earth, thought it was a sacrifice." Later generations further explained that "the positive color of the sky is pale and mysterious, and the positive color of the earth is yellow and intoxicating." Mysterious light green is the color of heaven and earth. Xuan, black and red, symbolizes the color of heaven; In Myanmar, yellow with red is the color of the earth. Its visual effect is basically black and red.
On the occasion of the heavy sacrifice, the son of heaven "put on the mysterious dress, put on the mysterious crown, put on the mysterious dress", and the queen put on the most grand dress and clothes "mysterious clothes" when offering sacrifices to the former king. Even the nobles listened to the official clothes worn by the court, which were also black. Therefore, on the wedding day, wearing a mysterious color symbolizing heaven and earth is as grand as a sacrifice, which is exactly the understanding of the wedding in the pre-Qin classic Book of Rites. Therefore, a gentleman is heavy. "
According to Zhou Li, the emperor will be crowned only at important ceremonies such as sacrifice. Wear different levels of coronation clothes for different sacrificial occasions. Coronation clothes are not the patent of the emperor, and people above doctor level can wear them. Although scholars are not qualified to wear coronation clothes, they can wear knight clothes similar to coronation clothes but lower in rank. Chivalrous people hang fewer pendants back and forth than crowns. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people with doctors or above wore crowns to receive the bride, and scholars wore titles to marry the bride, which was probably the normal state of weddings at that time.
The ancients had five colors and five squares, five seasons (four seasons), five elements and so on. Blue in the five colors corresponds to the East in the Five Elements, the Spring in the Four Seasons, the Wood in the Five Elements and the Di Qing in the Five Emperors. So green is the east, the east is spring, and spring is the time for men and women to get married. The White Tiger Yi Tong Married by Ban Gu and others in the Eastern Han Dynasty put it most directly: "What is the key to marriage? In spring, heaven and earth communicate, everything begins, and yin and yang also cross. " Through a series of hook-and-loop transformations, it symbolizes the youth of spring and is connected with the wedding in spring. It is no longer as noble and cold as dark black, but is permeated with a lush vitality. Therefore, the choice of cyan as the bride's dress in the Tang Dynasty is precisely due to this.
Tsing Yi is the same. Different brides should dress according to their own grades. If it is Shu Ren, use "flower hairpin gift clothes"; If the bride's husband belongs to a small official with more than nine grades but less than six grades, he is wearing a big sleeve dress with a flower hairpin; If it is bimbo with more than five items, or a royal princess, you can use "flower hairpin to wear clothes"; The highest level is worn by the queen and the crown princess when they accept orders, using "Shenfu" and "Zhai Zhai" respectively.
There is a saying in the Six Classics of the Tang Dynasty that "Shu Ren married Jiang Gong". The daughter of an official can wear a mother's wedding dress for the first time, but if she is a civilian's daughter, she should still wear her own straight-sleeved wedding dress, so don't expect the glory of a married woman. It is worth mentioning that the people in the Tang Dynasty wore not only official uniforms, but also crimson official uniforms. At this time, the red wedding dress BLACKPINK appeared. The groom blushed and the bride Tsing Yi was described as "a man and a woman" by later generations, but it should be "a man and a woman" to be exact.
In the Ming dynasty, red was the most important. "History of the Ming Dynasty, Yu Fu Zhi" records that "after the country inherited the Yuan Dynasty, it is appropriate to take France, Zhou, Han, Tang and Song, and it is appropriate to be in the pool." Therefore, this bright red color is more common in the dresses of Empress Dowager Cixi's concubines. In the Ming clothing, there is also "Zhen Hong big sleeve red round neck robe" and so on. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the commodity economy was very developed, and people were increasingly pursuing worldly pleasures and eager to break the barriers of class. Therefore, the red dress of women in the life of concubines has become the pursuit of ordinary people. Especially on such an important day as a wedding, wearing red, which symbolizes wealth, seems to be among the nobility.
"A pair of golden crowns, a pair of golden heads, an agate belt, seven jingling tombs, a pair of gold bracelets and silver cymbals, two red gowns, four sets of makeup clothes, 32 gifts, and the rest of cloth and cotton, about 20 pieces." This is the plot in the novel Jin Ping Mei in the Ming Dynasty, which depicts Ximen Qing's third concubine Meng Yulou receiving a bride price. But the groom is not Ximen Qing. Ximen Qing was dead by then. The new husband is Li Gongbi, the son of a magistrate. When he was in Tomb-Sweeping Day, he went upstairs to visit the grave, but he didn't want to see Li's son. His eyes are touching and his heart is connected. The official's son soon made Tao's mother a matchmaker. On April 8, the Li family sent the above dowry. On the first15th day of marriage, Meng Yulou said goodbye to her husband's home. The jade pagoda was crowned with a golden beam and embroidered with red tea, to bid farewell to Ximen Qing's coffin first, and then to worship the moon mother. ..... The matchmaker brought him a gold hijab and a gold vase, and Yueniang was widowed and couldn't go out, so she asked her aunt to send him to the magistrate.
Meng Yulou, 37, has been married three times. The groom is only the son of a sesame official, but her whole body is interspersed like a lady. Apart from other things, the main color, whether it is the "red palace robe" mentioned in the dowry, or the wedding gown "red armband robe" and "red Luo Jin Gai Fu", is bright red.
The China bride's red dress in the eyes of later generations did not officially appear until the writing of Jin Ping Mei. At this time, both the official wife and Jasper, the small family of the civilian family, will wear red clothes at the wedding.
However, the master of this Daming Jiangshan has already set a ban on red. According to Ming Hui Dian, the use of colored materials by civilian women is mostly restricted. Even wedding dresses are limited to purple coarse cloth, and gold embroidery is forbidden. Robes are also limited to light colors such as purple, green and pink, and rich colors such as big red, crow cyan and bright yellow are prohibited.
Ordinary women are forbidden to wear red, but this is just a boring law. The living reality is that by the late Ming Dynasty, disobeying orders had become commonplace. According to Ye's "Reading the World" in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, "Red is the only clothing and not light. After a while, it became the Secret Service. ..... As for the late Ming Dynasty, stone was the house, embroidered clothes were not convinced, and maids did not wear red. " Even brand women have to wear red dresses on formal occasions, let alone a bride who can only give birth once.
In the Ming Dynasty, red was the most important. "History of the Ming Dynasty, Yu Fu Zhi" records that "after the country inherited the Yuan Dynasty, it is appropriate to take France, Zhou, Han, Tang and Song, and it is appropriate to be in the pool." Therefore, this bright red color is more common in the dresses of Empress Dowager Cixi's concubines. In the Ming clothing, there is also "Zhen Hong big sleeve red round neck robe" and so on. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the commodity economy was very developed, and people were increasingly pursuing worldly pleasures and eager to break the barriers of class. Therefore, the red dress of women in the life of concubines has become the pursuit of ordinary people. Especially on such an important day as a wedding, wearing it symbolizes wealth.
Folk brides not only dare to wear red, but also boldly pursue high-end styles, such as aiming at the dresses of empresses and married women-rockhopper and iron. There is such a record in the Book of Rites of the Ming Dynasty: "When Shu Ren marries a wife, the husband wears formal clothes, or fake nine-grade clothes, and the woman wears big sleeves." In other words, when people get married, they can wear formal clothes that meet their identity as auspicious clothes, or they can go up and put on the official clothes of Jiupin Sesame Officer. This is the origin of the word "groom's official". However, the groom's new wife can only wear "big sleeves" according to the regulations, and is not allowed to wear the clothes of married women. This is similar to the regulations of the Tang Dynasty.
In the Qing Dynasty, "Guan Guan robe" became the standard dress of Han brides. This kind of dressing is not only as simple as glory, but also an identity certificate that shows that Mingmei is marrying his first wife. However, although the crown is very sought after, it is not the only choice. After all, it is quite expensive for ordinary people to buy a set of nine-grade official uniforms and robes.
In ancient China, people liked red wedding dresses because it represented happiness and auspiciousness, while white was a symbol of mourning and the color of mourning. The white wedding dress, a western-style wedding dress under the influence of Christianity, represents the purity and loyalty of the bride. With the west wind spreading eastward, China people gradually accept this kind of wedding dress. However, there will always be "wonderful flowers" in history, and white wedding clothes became popular in the Jin Dynasty palace.