A big word "person". In the lower right corner of the word "human", the Grand Canal flows into Shandong from northwest Shandong.

Draw a long oxbow that runs through nearly 20 districts and counties in our province. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal extends to the west of Shandong.

The nourishment and gestation of time is constantly passing through one material and intangible cultural heritage after another.

Be reflected.

Walking along the Grand Canal and reliving the western Shandong civilization, we chose the once heavy throat beside the Grand Canal.

Linqing, a small town, is a carrier for us to touch the canal culture and talk about the western Shandong civilization.

Standing in the north of Ao Tou Ji Ruins Site, a landmark building in Linqing City, is the abandoned Yuan Games.

Rivers; To the south, it is the Ming Dynasty Canal, and the ancient canal, the once prosperous Ao Tou Ji Ruins site, is at my feet.

Go down. This is a civilization crowded with ports. During the Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, Li Dongyang, a university student, wrote The Ruins of Ao Tou Ji Ruins.

The poem says: Ten miles of people are divided into two sides, and tall buildings enter Qingyun. Official ships and boats passed by, beating gongs and drums, singing and laughing.

Gong is everywhere. Is to write about the prosperity of Linqing at that time.

Before this interview, someone asked me the topic of the interview, and I said, I'm going to visit the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

The largest city in Shandong during the period. Q: Is it Jinan or Qingdao? I replied: Linqing-Luxi.

Linqing in the north. The other side looked surprised: How is this possible?

The canal made Linqing possible. From distant rural land to Ming and Qing dynasties.

The Grand Canal is the largest city in Shandong Province.

In recent years, Linqing has collected a quarter of the national tax, in other places in Shandong except Linqing.

10 times of the total tax revenue.

At the end of August 2004, when the reporter set foot on the canal levee from Linqing, the canal had been suspended.

Nearly 40 years. But Linqing people still remember the rivers that brought them prosperous towns.

"Floating Generation": Prosperity of Ming and Qing Dynasties Created by Canal

Now "Beijing drift" and "North drift" are all fashionable words, referring to many foreigners.

Seek development in Beijing. In fact, Linqing in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was already full of drifters.

Generation ",along the Grand Canal, they turned Linqing into a commercial metropolis.

Floating city. Ma Lukui, an associate researcher at Linqing Museum, said.

The word "drift" vividly illustrates the importance of the canal to the development of Linqing.

There is also a well-known saying among women and children, "First related, then Linqing City".

Covers the history of building warehouses and storing grain in Linqing. According to historical records, after the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, China administration

The governance center began to move northward, and Linqing became more and more important in the north-south traffic.

1426- 1435), Linqing warehouse has a grain storage capacity of 3 million stones, which is the highest granary in China.

At that time, there were 3000 soldiers guarding the granary, and the central government directly asked the head of the household department to supervise the warehouse affairs.

The important position of waterway throat makes Linqing gradually become a remote countryside.

Thousands of oil tankers have to pass the "world's first wharf". According to the Ming History,

During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, Cao troops 1.2 million, Cao ships 1.654.38+0.000, and began to transport 2 million stones every year.

Later, it gradually increased to four or five million stones. Ma Lukui, an associate researcher at Linqing Museum, believes that,

The busy scene of international grain transportation is more impressive than we thought, because the grain in the south of the Yangtze River will arrive on the eighth day of the eighth lunar month.

Shipment can only be made after autumn harvest in September, and canal transportation can be completed before freezing in October of the lunar calendar.

In a month or two, more than 10,000 tankers will be transferred from Linqing to Beijing. Ten thousand oil tankers

After Linqing, an endless stream of foreigners "drifted" in Linqing, resulting in the rapid expansion of a city.

It has a strong driving force.

Game jade belt city: "plan" finally lost to "market"

Ma Lukui believes that Linqing was born not only in the early stage of development, but also in the process of development.

During the exhibition, the canal was also the main driver of Linqing's development, including Linqing's "brick city" and "

The game of Tucheng is a vivid example.

In the Ming Dynasty 14, Yu Qian, a senior minister of the Ministry of War, suggested building a city in Linqing, when Linqing County had risen.

For Zhili, Zhongzhou, which is surrounded by canals, should be an ideal place to build a city, but when?

In order to protect the warehouse, the granary east of Weihe River, far away from the river, was chosen, which was called Brick City. Because bricks

The city is far from the canal pier, and the urban area is small, which is not convenient for industrial and commercial development. The merchant hotel is still

However, it is developing to Zhongzhou area outside the brick city. In the twenty-first year of Jiajing, the governor of Shandong Province has been grinding to comply with this point.

The development trend is to rebuild earthen cities, including brick cities near Zhongzhou area and canal pier.

Go ahead. It's called Jade Belt City. In this way, Jade Belt City is not only an important place for national administration and storage, but also an important place for industry and commerce.

The center of the transportation industry has become a big city with a circumference of more than 30 miles, which is no less than that of Tianjin.

Yes

Ma Lukui vividly compared Linqing, a phenomenon changed by the canal, to a "plan".

The game between economy and "market" economy, "no matter what the role of canals in cities is, we must stay away from traffic."

A river to build a city will eventually follow the market and follow the canal. "

Linqing Banknote Pass: It was once the lifeblood of the Ming Dynasty.

In the books I have read about the cultural history of the ancient canal, it is recognized that the characteristics of "canal culture" are

Its rich commercial flavor. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, frequent and intensive commercial activities were very common in the canal area.

Phenomenon, and Linqing is one of the most prominent representatives. Wei Huiban, curator of Linqing Museum

He pointed to the reporter and said: "According to the" Linqing County Records ",in the twenty-eighth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, Linqing residents

66745 people. Moreover, it is recorded that the number of merchants in Sifang is 10 times that of residents, which is calculated as follows.

Calculated, the total population of Linqing at that time was about 700,000, all of which were' urban population', and now it is near.

The population of Qingcheng District doubled. "

After a few trips in Linqing, you can still find some streets named after traditional industry and commerce.

Alleys, such as Mashi Street, Shiguo Street, Tietang Lane, Nianzi Lane, Zhugan Lane, Tanmi Lane, etc. approach

Wei Hui, director of the Qing Museum, said that street names such as Zhugan Lane, which are unique in the south, appeared in Linqing.

It was a proof of the extensive economic and trade exchanges between Linqing and the south at that time. In the early Ming dynasty, Linqing was made up of a

The water transport terminal has developed into a commercial metropolis, extending from Tawan in the north to Touzha in the south for dozens of days.

Among cities, there are many cities. "

In fact, if we want to examine how developed Linqing's industry and commerce was at that time, Linqing had the most money obstacles.

Evidence of violence. Linqing treasury was directly subordinate to Linqing court in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Guanya, in this national key cultural relics protection unit, I saw the remains left over from the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

The two halls, the carved column and the painted column, can still reveal the elegant demeanour of the largest banknote clearance in China. Linqing

Qianmen was first established in Xuande, Ming Dynasty, and was later managed by civil and military officials such as the head of the household department. the Ming Dynasty

The importance attached to Linqing currency clearing can be seen. As the first of the eight customs in China, Linqing in Wanli period.

The commercial tax levied by the banknote customs is more than 83,000 taels, which is higher than Chongwenmen in Beijing.

It ranked first among the eight treasury bills, accounting for a quarter of the total tax revenue at that time. There is also one in Shandong

In the six years of Wanli, the province's tax revenue was more than 8,800 taels, accounting for a little more than one tenth of the customs tax revenue of Linqing banknotes.

It serves to show the splendor of Linqing Banknotes Pass.

Shandong Kuaishu: Rap in Canal Water

Linqing is known as "one of the nine commercial ports in the north of the Yangtze River" and "the first wharf in the world", and it has been concluded.

It is not only a commercial metropolis where merchants gather, but also the best place for cultural prosperity.

Together, it provides a relaxed humanistic trend for Linqing, and also provides an exchange and gathering of various art categories.

The rich humanistic environment, as well as the openness and compatibility of this culture, also promoted the emergence of other cultures.

Healthy. Shandong Kuaishu is a rap art formed by Linqing drawing lessons from the "steel groove cavity" of the ploughshare drum.

As Liu, a performing artist and associate professor of Peking University, said, "Linqing is a big pier.

Shandong Kuaishu occupies this geographical position. An ancient canal gave birth to more than one genre, which can be mutually beneficial.

It is proved that this is a very interesting phenomenon in the history of Quyi. "

Shandong Kuaishu was also called "the second child of Wulin" before, but there are different opinions about its origin at present.

Among them, Zhang Jun, a senior researcher at Shandong University of Arts, has a great influence on Fu Shuo.

It was put forward after a long-term investigation in the 1980s. He is writing and singing Shandong Kuaishu.

The book says: "... according to the introduction of Zhou, Fu Yongchang, an old artist of Shandong Kuaishu, Daoguang in Qing Dynasty lasted for six years.

In 2008, 36 people (some people said that it was more than 10) stopped to vent because of the rain on their way home.

Out of dissatisfaction, he compiled Wu according to the story of Liangshan heroes widely circulated among the people.

Song Chuan rap. One of the authors, Li Changqing, from Wangzhuang, Nangangzi, chiping, Shandong, brought this book back.

After his cousin Fu went to Shaanxi, he was trapped in Handan, but he took out Song Wuchuan five times and handed it out.

In front of Guandi Temple, Fu chanted with bamboo boards and got money to go home. So I found Fu.

Zhang Han is very talented in singing, so he passed on the whole book to him. Fu De devoted himself to the study of Song Wu Zhuan.

In the 19th year of Daoguang, Qufu Linmen Society (Spring and Autumn Temple Fair before Kong Lin) was established.

The performance was warmly welcomed by the local people. "

Linqing Dream: Living Water for the Canal

In the past few days in Linqing, I can clearly feel the attention of Linqing people to the word "South-to-North Water Transfer".

The sensitivity of language, whenever you mention this word, you can find eyes that make them shine.

A local official said that the locals originally wanted to develop a brigade on the abandoned Yuan Canal on the right side of the Ao Tou Ji Ruins site.

Swimming, because there is no water, development is more difficult, Linqing has done a lot in this regard.

Some entrepreneurs went to see it and were afraid to take over.

In fact, Linqing is the most typical city along the canal that was born and declined because of the river.

With the gradual decline of canal function, Linqing's function is different from its heyday.

And language. Malukui said: "After the mid-Qing Dynasty, the struggle for Linqing by the peasant war made industry and commerce successful.

It has suffered huge losses, but the fundamental reason is the loss of superior economic and geographical conditions. "

After the mid-Qing Dynasty, due to the disrepair of water conservancy, the Yellow River burst and the canal could transport energy.

After six years of Daoguang, the Qing government began to hire merchant ships to transport grain by sea, and the Ming dynasty was sparse.

Linqing has been left out in the cold because of the great changes in the way of water transport since the opening of the Grand Canal!

"Businessmen are born for profit, where there is interest, there will be development. As the canal is impassable,

Airlines, without the circulation of goods, can't bring benefits to businessmen from all over the country.

Businessmen, they retreated. "Ma Lukui said, although the small steamboat of Linqing River still persisted.

After the liberation of 1965, Linqing at this time is no longer the so-called "military stronghold,

Linqing, the throat of water transportation, is a commercial town. Now I don't know if the South-to-North Water Transfer Project is in Linqing.

How influential is the canal? As long as shipping can be resumed, the appearance of the canal will be fundamental.

Change. "When he said these words, Ma Lukui was emotional and his eyes were full of Yangtze River water.

Expect.