"Smart" babies are not all good, so early detection of children's hearing abnormalities.
Ms. Lin, 38, gave birth to her son last year. Her 6-month-old son has been doing well, eating well and sleeping soundly every day. Although she was two months premature, she was fat for nothing. One day, Ms. Lin accidentally dropped the cup to the ground and woke her sleeping mother-in-law with a bang. They thought the sound would frighten the baby to cry, but the baby lying in the crib was completely unaware of the disturbing noise. Ms. Lin quickly called her lover. They shouted behind the baby and clapped their hands and rang the bell, but the baby's reaction always disappointed them. Anxious parents immediately took the baby to the hospital for examination, only to find that the baby suffered from severe sensorineural deafness.
If there is no hearing screening, young mothers should pay attention to the baby's hearing development. Once it is found that babies often scratch their ears and gills, tend to be irritable and easy to sleep, have no response to the surrounding sounds, and cannot turn their heads to the sound source accurately, they should go to the hospital for examination immediately for early diagnosis and treatment.
Generally speaking, one of the following five situations is a high-risk child with hearing and language impairment: 1. Weighing less than 3 kg at birth; 2. Neck deformation; 3. Patients with hereditary deafness in the family or their parents are close relatives; 4. The mother suffers from sexually transmitted diseases, syphilis or rubella, herpes simplex and ototoxic drugs in the early pregnancy; 5. The delivery didn't go smoothly, and the delivery was suffocating.
Noise during pregnancy may damage the hearing of the fetus and affect the brain development of the baby.
From16 to19 weeks of pregnancy, fetal hearing begins to form. At this time, the baby can hear the mother's heartbeat, blood flow, gastrointestinal peristalsis, and can also hear her gentle voice and singing. These sounds are about 30 decibels, just like whispers in the ear, and will not have adverse effects on fetal hearing. By the 25th week of pregnancy, the hearing of fetus is almost equal to that of adults. By the 28th week of pregnancy, she had fully responded to sound stimulation.
The sound received by the baby is transmitted through the mother's abdominal wall, which has a reflective effect and will reduce the sound outside by about 20 decibels, so when the cry outside reaches the baby's ear, it is like a whisper. But if the pregnant mother is exposed to strong noise for a long time, the protective effect of the mother's abdominal wall is very limited. Especially for low-frequency sounds, the mother's abdominal wall has almost no weakening function, which is equivalent to the baby's auditory system directly exposed to strong noise.
Pregnant women should do four things to prevent their babies from hearing loss.
In order to prevent hereditary deafness and congenital deafness, expectant mothers should avoid the following risk factors besides screening deafness genes before pregnancy or before pregnancy:
1. Ensure that the parturient has comprehensive and sufficient nutrition. Malnutrition of expectant mothers during pregnancy may affect the development of baby's brain cells and make her auditory response insensitive. If you have vitamin B deficiency, it may also cause nervous deafness with slow progress.
2. Minimize exposure to strong noise. Prenatal music should meet the requirements of frequency and sound intensity to protect the healthy development of the fetus. During pregnancy, stay away from excessive noise (85 decibels to 90 decibels). We should consciously avoid places with high noise intensity such as dance halls and construction sites.
3. Prevent infectious diseases in early pregnancy and avoid damage to fetal hearing organs. Early pregnancy, especially the first 12 weeks of fetal growth, is a critical period for the development of baby's hearing organs and hearing protection. At this time, expectant mothers should avoid getting rubella, sexually transmitted diseases and flu. And avoid the damage of the virus to the fetal hearing.
4. Strictly avoid using ototoxic drugs during pregnancy. Aminoglycoside antibiotics are one of the ototoxic drugs that have the greatest damage to cochlea. Avoiding abuse of these antibiotics is an important measure to reduce drug-induced deafness. Otototoxic drugs include streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, salicylic acid preparation, quinine, anti-tumor drugs and so on. (singing)
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When using ear drops, the baby should gently pull back the ear.
Compared with oral or injection forms, ear drops are easier to reach the affected area and can avoid adverse reactions caused by systemic administration. They are mainly used to treat otitis media and other diseases. However, it should be reminded that the usage of the same bottle of ear drops is different for children and adults.
Generally speaking, the use method of ear drops is: wash your hands, lie on your side, lift your ears, squeeze the liquid medicine into your ears in suspension, and lie on your side for 3 ~ 5 minutes. The above actions can be done with the help of others, so as to avoid the transmitter touching the ear and polluting the ear drops. Finally, cover and store in a cool place. The above steps are applicable to children and adults.
But the difference is that the adult ear cartilage develops well in the process of dropping medicine. Pulling the ear back and up can expose the ear canal and promote the ear drops to flow into the affected area to exert their effects. The baby's cartilage is not fully developed, and pulling it back and up may cause damage, so it is recommended to gently pull its ear back and down.
In addition, for some drugs that will affect the development of cartilage and ligaments. Although oral preparations are prohibited for children, ear drops can be used with caution. Because the dosage of 1~2 drops of ear drops entering the blood is equivalent to the oral dosage of 1% or less. For example, neomycin tablets are not suitable for children, and neomycin ear drops can be used with caution. However, it should be noted that the drug should be prescribed by a doctor and can only be used when there are no other better or alternative drugs.