General Wu Feng. In the first year of Hongxi in the Ming Dynasty (1425), I was glad that five generations lived under one roof and gave me a plaque with the sum of' Seven Leaves in a Prosperous Age'. You directed the gentlemen to come and congratulate me, and the musician and dancer Wen Shao led them to create yangko, singing and dancing in the court, which was enjoyable. "This is the earliest written record about Haiyang Yangko, which shows that there was Yangko activity in Fengcheng, Haiyang at that time. According to the above, Haiyang Yangko originated in the Han Dynasty, originated in the Ming Dynasty and flourished in the Acropolis (now Fengcheng) in the Song Dynasty.
Haiyang Yangko flourished in the middle of Qing Dynasty, that is, after the establishment of Haiyang County in the 13th year of Yongzheng. Fengcheng, the old county seat of Haiyang, was the economic and cultural center of Haiyang at that time, which was bound to promote the development of folk art. There is a local folk song: "When the country yangko enters the city, worship the empress first, and then play the scene; "If you don't go to town on the fifteenth day of the first month, you will be driven out of town if you come later." It shows that yangko has become an indispensable activity to celebrate the festival at that time, and Fengcheng has become the activity center of yangko in the four townships.
An important factor in the gradual development and maturity of Haiyang Yangko is that it can continuously absorb the essence of various foreign arts. For example, in the preface to Yangko Opera Chen Yingbi, a native of Liushuzhuang, Haiyang, written in the thirty-five years of Qianlong, it said: "I once worked with Hu Gongting and Zhang in Qiongzhou, and I loved the beauty of Shu songs very much, imitating' rushing to Sichuan'. Teach the yangko class to sing. " It can be seen that as early as more than 200 years ago, the music singing method of Haiyang Yangko has borrowed from Shu songs. In addition, the folk custom of "Doctor Le" in Haiyang Yangko can be divided into "Mantis Gate" and "Bagua Gate", which means that his basic dance movements have absorbed different boxing routines and formed his own style.
trait
The performance of Haiyang Yangko is rich in content and the team structure is rigorous, which is mainly composed of three parts. When traveling, the deacon is in the front, the band is behind, and the dance team is behind. There are dozens of people in the dance team, playing various roles. The common formations of the Yangko Team are "Erlong Xu Tu", "Bagua Dou", "Dragon wagging its tail", "Dragon twisting its column", "Three fish fighting for the head" and "Stars holding the moon". The outstanding features of Haiyang Yangko are the combination of running and twisting. Dancers twist in running, women twist their waist and hold fans, and shake their shoulders in the previous step, which is lively and generous. The man shakes his head, swings his arm and changes his shoulders, which is lively and funny.
The common people summed up its six characteristics: first, the dance team is huge and the songs and dances are funny. Second, the structure is rigorous and the etiquette is profound. Third, dancing is pure dancing, and singing is funny. Fourth, improvisation, diversity and unity. Fifth, the array is changeable and ingenious. Sixth, drum music is pure and moderate. According to these characteristics, Haiyang Yangko has formed a folk dance art with extremely rich forms and contents. It is the essence of China folk art, and it is also a rich "big dish" for people during the Spring Festival. Haiyang Yangko thrives in this hot land of Jiaodong.
form
Haiyang Yangko Team is mainly composed of deacons, bands and dance teams. The deacon walks in the front, consisting of three-eye large-caliber short guns, colorful flags, incense trays (held by the person in charge of the meeting or vice-meeting) and big gongs.
Dr. Le is the conductor of the dance team, holding an umbrella in his left hand and a sling in his right. There are different folklore about his identity. Some people say that he wears a fur coat to keep out the cold and holds an umbrella to pray for good weather. Some people say that he is a passing doctor, holding a horse in his hand to ward off evil spirits.
Ancient paintings usually consist of 16 to 24 young people. Wu Sheng, dressed as a costume, was at the front of the team, making way for the Yangko team. He beat the drum with one hand, with the drumstick in his left hand, but he didn't beat the drum, only moved with the rhythm. Xiaoman dressed as a country girl, first performed in pairs with ancient paintings, and then gradually separated from ancient paintings and performed independently.
In recent years, with the joint efforts of art experts, scholars, cultural workers and old folk artists, Haiyang Yangko has been further inherited, developed, reformed and prospered, and has achieved excellent results in a series of competitions. 1994 was invited to participate in the 4th China Shenyang International Folk (Yangko) Dance Festival. With its rich local characteristics, simple and unrestrained style and exquisite skills, it stood out from the fierce competition of dozens of strong teams at home and abroad and won the highest award in the competition-the Golden Rose Award. In the same year, 65438+ won the national "Stars Award" silver award in February. In February, 65438, the curtain performance of the 5th Shandong Culture and Art Festival was added, which was well received by the leaders of five leading groups in Zhao Zhihao, Li Chunting and other provinces. 1996 12 gold medal in the dance competition of the first farmers' art festival in Shandong province, 1996 and 1997 participated in the shooting performance of the Spring Festival Gala in Shandong province for two consecutive years.
Countries that have achieved great success attach great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20th, 2006, Haiyang Yangko was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.
1983 Beijing Dance Academy officially listed Haiyang Yangko as a compulsory course for Han folk dance in China.
1994 was invited to participate in the 4th China Shenyang International Folk (Yangko) Dance Festival. With its rich local characteristics, simple and unrestrained style and exquisite skills, it stood out from the fierce competition of dozens of strong teams at home and abroad and won the highest award in the competition-the Golden Rose Award.
1994 12 won the silver award of the national "Stars Award". He was invited to perform in the 5th Shandong Culture and Art Festival, and was received and praised by the leaders of five major teams in Zhao Zhihao, Li Chunting and other provinces.
1995 10, won the highest award-outstanding performance award in '95 Jinhua China Excellent Folk Square Dance Exhibition.
1996 12 gold medal in the dance competition of the first farmers' art festival in Shandong province, 1996 and 1997 participated in the shooting performance of the Spring Festival Gala in Shandong province for two consecutive years.
1997 Haiyang was named "the hometown of Chinese folk art" by the Ministry of Culture.
On May 20th, 2006, Haiyang Yangko was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.
In August 2008, he was invited to participate in a warm-up match before the opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympic Games.
In recent years, Haiyang Yangko has also been invited to participate in large-scale activities such as Yantai Yuhuangding Temple Fair and Qingdao Beer Festival, which has been well received by the masses.
Excerpted from Baidu netizens, thank you.