Du Fu lived in many thatched cottages during his wandering. The "Caotang" here belongs to Dongtun, Caotang Town, Baidicheng, fengjie county, Chongqing, and now belongs to Huanhua Village. Dongtun Caotang is the last thatched cottage where Du Fu, a great poet in Tang Dynasty, lived. At that time, Mr. Du Lao lived here and gave up building a house. He wrote many well-known poems in this deep place and became a generation of poets in the history of China poetry and even the history of world poetry. Du Fu was born in a feudal official family. He had lofty political ideals all his life, but he was always frustrated and tried every time. It was not until he settled in Chang 'an in the second year of Tianbao 13th year (AD 754) that the court appointed him as Hexi County magistrate. In this year, An Shi Rebellion happened. In the 15th year of Tianbao (AD 756), An Lushan was trapped in Tongguan, and Xuanzong hurriedly fled to West Shu. Then Prince Hengli (Su Zong) set up Lingwu and changed it to the first year of Germany. In August of that year, Du Fu risked his life and fled from Chang 'an to Fengxiang, where he was named as a left gleaning. However, in the second year of Zhide (AD 757), he angered Su Zong by telling the truth because of Wan Fang's defeat, and was demoted to join the army. In the autumn of the second year (AD 759), he abandoned his official position and went to Shu, from which he began his wandering career of "hunger drives Wan Li". After Du Fu arrived in Chengdu, in the second year of Guangde (AD 764), when his good friend Yanwu was appointed as our ambassador to Xichuan again, he was recommended by Yanwu as our staff officer and foreign minister of the school department. Du Fu resigned from the post of shogunate in January of the first year of Yongtai (AD 765) because of his lifelong pursuit of the ideal of assisting the monarch to govern the country. In April of the same year, Yanwu died. In May, the family moved to Yunnan via Yuzhou, and moved to Kuizhou in early summer. After Du Fu moved to Kuizhou, he was taken care of by Bai Maolin, the magistrate of Kuizhou, and lived a relatively stable "wandering" life. Du Fu lived in Kuizhou for nearly two years, and moved to Xige, Chi Jia, Xiangxi and Dongtun successively, and wrote a lot of famous articles praising the beauty of Kuizhou mountains and rivers and expressing his wandering mood in his later years. Du Fu wrote more than 1400 poems in his life, including about 437 Kuizhou poems, accounting for nearly one third of Du Fu's poems. In Kuizhou, he was full of political ambition of "worrying about the country and the people", climbing high and looking far, eulogizing the past, hurting people's feelings, and writing lyrics ... He wrote that Kuizhou's mountains and rivers won, "Dongba Dongshan, the east of China and Pakistan, is full of rivers. Baidigao is the Three Gorges Town, and Qutang has passed a hundred prisons. " He wrote the majestic Qutang, "Clouds in Baidicheng, and it rained cats and dogs. Gao Jiang gorge thunder bucket, ancient cangteng sun and moon faint ". He misses the past: "The Three Kingdoms, torn apart, have been bound by his greatness, and the Eight Fortress is built on his reputation. Next to this ever-changing river stands the sadness that he never conquered Wu. He used the scenery to express his ambition: "Your environment is good and the depth is far away. Look at the heron in the traffic jam and look back at the class. " He wrote about the tragedy of the war: "It is better to return a military horse. There are hundreds of thousands of people today. Mourning the death of the widow and mourning where Yuan Qiu is. " He remembered the past, "Zhuge's name is immortal, and there is only reverence for his face." However, his will, in the war-torn three countries, has a feather in the dark. Yi Yin and Lv Shang are neck and neck, and their command of military operations is calm, which makes Xiao He Cao Can far behind. Although I know that there is no hope in the Han dynasty, I still care about myself and give up my life for justice. " He used Cooper as a metaphor, "Let wise and hopeful people not complain, the bigger the wood, the harder it is to use". He is homesick. "In the middle of the night, Jiangshan is quiet and the dangerous building looks at Beichen. As a Wan Li guest, I have been embarrassed for a hundred years. " . He climbed to the top of the mountain and looked at the mountains and rivers. "Leaves are like waterfalls, and I think the long river always rolls forward. I came from three thousand miles away. Now with the sadness of autumn, with my sorrow of a hundred years, I climbed to this height alone "... and his eight famous poems" Autumn Xing "written in the autumn of the second year of Yongtai in Baidicheng (AD 766) are the true expression of his concern for the country and the people because his political ambitions cannot be realized for a long time. "The ancient city of Kuifu goes down in the sun, and every time I watch Beidou Wangjing China. Listening to the ape shed three tears, and August made it empty ... "It fully expressed his painful state of mind of missing Beijing, looking up to Chang 'an, living in Kuizhou and caring about Chang 'an. The eight poems of Autumn Xing are also the pinnacle of artistic harmony of Du Fu's poems. Looking at more than 400 poems written by Du Fu in Kuizhou, they all reached the pure artistic realm. Just like his poem "White Salt Mountain": "Beyond the peaks of Li Zhuo, there is a pool of water in the packing. He is kind-hearted, and he is close to the sky ... "It can be said that" Li Zhuo is outside the peaks "and" He is close to the sky "are self-portraits of the highest artistic realm of Du Fu's Kuizhou poems. In August of the second year of Dali (AD 767), Du Fu moved from Xiangxi to Dongtun. Dongtun is Du Fu's fifth and last residence in Kuizhou. Legend has it that Dongtun was the place where Gongsun Shu stationed troops. The secluded forest does not reduce the clear stream in Taoyuan, and the hut is the quiet that Du Fu likes. But living in Kuizhou for a long time, living under the wall is not a long-term solution. In the spring of the third year of Dali (AD 768), Du Fu left Baidicheng with his wife and children for Buju in Jiangling. On the way from Baidicheng to Jiangling, he completed the grand masterpiece of "In the spring of the third year of Dali, Baidicheng sailed out of Qutang Gorge, lived in Kuizhou for a long time, and will drift to Jiangling with forty rhymes". Du Fu went out of the gorge this time, taking the life path of "coming back from this mountain and crossing another mountain", but "coming up from the south and going north-to my own town!" And "finally staying in the imperial city" has not been realized. After he left Kuizhou, his life became more difficult. He stayed briefly in Jiangling, Jingzhou, Gongan and other places, then drifted to Yueyang, then drifted from Yueyang to Tanzhou and Hengzhou, then drifted from Hengzhou to Tanzhou for some reason, and then drifted from Tanzhou to Binzhou. When drifting in Leiyang, it was blocked by heavy rain and turned back to drift in the direction of Dongting. In this way, he never drifted out of Xiangjiang River. Finally, in the winter of the fifth year of Dali (AD 770), he died on a boat in Xiangjiang River at the age of 58. Du Fu's life is full of bitterness. Danger of mountains and water, internal troubles and foreign invasion, people's sufferings, and concern for the country and the people constitute the major realistic themes of his poems.