1, "Tenth Five-Year Plan" doctor, referred to as doctor, is now called "Dr. Yangko" by the people. As the name implies, "doctor" is a well-informed person who is good at yangko activities and performances. Doctor fifteen, only performers over the age of 60 can get honors. When I was young, I was mostly a celebrity who performed gongs, drums and yangko in the village. He was once praised by the village. When I was old, I specialized in yangko coaching and performance directing, and spared no effort to safeguard the unique dance skills and honors of the village. They have their own specialties, and they are especially familiar with the various "venues" of yangko performances-the changes in formation. They mobilized and trained novices through various methods and ran out of various venues in an orderly and accurate way. Dr. 15 is a key figure in the inheritance and development of drum yangko, so he is deeply loved and supported by the people in all villages. They have made indelible contributions to the endless development of drum yangko. The accompaniment band in drum yangko is commonly known as big drum, so some areas call drum yangko "small drum". The band consists of drums, gongs, cymbals, cymbals, cymbals, cymbals and tongue twisters. Drum is the commander in chief of drum yangko performance, and all the scheduling and performance rhythm of yangko dance are completed with the accompaniment of drum conductor. At the same time, drum is the most important material wealth of every drum yangko team, because the drum lineup organization can not only reflect the dance level of a village and a community, but also reflect the economic situation of a village and a community; 3. the gunman. When the yangko team leaves the village or enters the village, they have to fire guns to create momentum, so there are people who specialize in shooting. The gunners are the pioneers of the Yangko team, and there are two in the General Staff. The earthen cannons they used were shovels, and some were called "three-eye cannons". In the process of yangko marching, the gunner filled the chamber with gunpowder, ignited the core and detonated it to strengthen the momentum and open the way. 4. Explore horses. Tan Ma was the person who was responsible for the investigation, selection and venue preparation of the performance venue. In the past, he rode a horse to pass information back and forth between the performance venue and the captain of the yangko team. Generally, there are two people to form a horse scout, and most of them are capable mature men. When the yangko team leaves the village and goes on the road, the Jockey Club will shuttle back and forth between the performance venue and the marching yangko team to communicate with each other. There are fewer horses in modern countryside, and most of them are changed into bicycles, motorcycles and other means of transportation. Although the ancient style is lost, the ancient meaning still exists. 5, carrying a bag. Someone who accepts and gives candy, cigarettes and cigarettes. According to local customs, villages often exchange performances with yangko teams and send dances to their homes to celebrate the New Year. In addition to the warm hospitality of rock tea candy, the host will also give some high-end cigarettes and other gifts to show their gratitude. The bag bearer is responsible for collecting gifts and distributing them to all performers after returning to the village. This position is mostly assumed by fair and simple middle-aged people, who are respected unsung heroes of the Yangko team. 6. Umbrella. Umbrella is divided into head umbrella and flower umbrella, and the head umbrella is also called "ugly umbrella". The head umbrella is the leader who commands the formation changes of various scenes. Generally speaking, the one on the right of several head umbrellas is the leader umbrella. He signals other head umbrellas to cooperate with each other and direct the changes of the whole audience. The head umbrella is dressed like Shawn in the Beijing Opera "The Fisherman Killed His Father". The left hand holds the umbrella on the left shoulder, and the right hand holds the fan-shaped cow hind leg bone. The dial is made of cow's hind leg bone, and the bell rings to send out signals to command and transmit information. According to the traditional rules and customs, there must be four people in the first umbrella, and there is an "umbrella length" in the umbrella, which is responsible for the change scheduling of the whole audience; The flower umbrella is named for its fancy decoration and the "flower" in the performance. The flower umbrella is dressed in dark color, with a black and white mouth. The left hand holds the umbrella and the right hand holds the tiger. As a prop in drum yangko, cow fan bone, umbrella, tiger support, etc. It means good weather and good protection. 7. drums. This is the main performance role of the Yangko team, with the largest number, played by young men. The performer holds a round drum with a diameter of about 25 cm and a width of about 8 cm in his left hand and a drum stick in his right hand. During the performance, he can freely reverse and hit the left and right sides. The performer dressed as a warrior in China's traditional drama, wearing a hero towel, looks handsome. In terms of the number of people, drums are generally two or three times that of umbrellas; 8. wooden sticks. Performers hit, play and wave with wooden sticks about 50 cm long in both hands. These roles are played by teenagers, dressed like martial arts students in traditional dramas, and some disguised as Liangshan heroes Song Wu. Generally, the staff of wooden stick performers is less than that of drums, which is an even number setting; 9. Flower, that is, the female role of yangko team. Flowers can be divided into ground flowers and stilt flowers, mostly from my female relatives or wearing expensive and gorgeous clothes of unmarried and newly married wives. In the past, some people wore many flowered coats and nearly ten or more colorful skirts to show their rich families. They are called "bright boxes" and are loved by local people. Hua Dan used to be played by men, but now most of them are young girls, and their costumes are more refined and standardized, but their performances are much worse than in the past. At least 100 people, many100 people, holding fans, towels, cuttlefish sticks and other props; 10, outer corner. It is a small song and dance, mainly singing folk stories. Clowns are one of the outer corners and can be dressed as various funny characters. Generally, it is not included in the formal establishment, and it depends on whether people have the ability to play this role. It should be noted that there is no uniform regulation on the number of roles of drum yangko, which is generally divided into three types: large, medium and small. Generally, the big ones are more than 90 people, about 70 people are medium-sized and about 50 people are small. The added role must be an even number and its multiple. If the cardinal number of an umbrella is 4, it will increase in multiples of 4. If the base of the drum is 8, it will be increased by multiples of 8, and other characters will be so on. In order to maintain the dominant position of drums in yangko, the number of drums must be more than twice that of umbrellas.

variety

Before the drum yangko performance, some areas will hold sacrificial ceremonies to commemorate the late father and elders. On the fifteenth night of the first month, the drum yangko team went to the earth temple to offer sacrifices. The team walked slowly, neatly and solemnly, and all the people walked solemnly. They lit "street lamps" from the village entrance to the Earth Temple, placed offerings, kowtowed to the memorial ceremony, danced yangko, and then returned to the village to formally perform the drum yangko. This ritual, which embodies the function of offering sacrifices to and entertaining the dead, has long since disappeared. Chuancun is a custom in northern Shandong. In the past, from the seventh and eighth day of the seventh lunar month to the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, as long as there were drums and yangko teams, nearby villages would visit to show their friendship. As long as the villages they have visited have conditions, they will also pay a return visit. This is the time for villagers to consolidate their feelings or ease conflicts, and it is the embodiment of local customs and rituals. Chuancun is generally divided into four sections, namely: entering the village, street bag, running field and leaving the village. Street bags and running fields are the performance parts. In the process of entering the village, the leaders of the villages visited and the venerable old people will meet them from afar, offering tea, cigarettes and sugar, and the gunners of both sides will fire their guns to cheer for the Yangko team. Street bag refers to the yangko team's marching performance on the main street after entering the village. Running ground is to perform various field routines in the square, while going out of the village is similar to a street bag, only going out of the village from another main street. The whole process of visiting the village was surrounded by villagers. The scene was lively and harmonious, and the festive atmosphere was extremely strong. Yangko teams can perform at fixed points or on the move. It is called "street bag" locally, and it is also called "string street" or "trip". The yangko team leads the way according to the band, and the umbrellas, drums, sticks and flowers are arranged in two or three columns in the following order to perform. When all the head umbrellas lined up and entered the middle of the street to exchange positions and insert into the formation, and all the characters did their own actions, the performances of "walking the streets and traveling" reached a climax. Then enter the scheduled performance venue for fixed-point performance. The fixed-point performance in the first stage is the main part of Yangko, "Runchang", also called "Runchang". The running ground is divided into three performance stages. First, perform "a fight". There are various ways to play, such as martial arts, stilts, lion dance, clown performance, etc., to expand the performance venue. Next, the percussion band is at the back of the center of the venue, and the yangko team is performing to the drums of the band. According to the field, there are three kinds: field, martial arts field and civil and military field. Literary field is a "running" to change the formation mode. All the contestants walk quickly according to the performance route of the pattern, and the interval of cross movements is even and orderly, and there is wind under their feet when running. Martial arts venues mainly perform "fighting", that is, players do all kinds of imposing, exaggerated and brave martial arts moves according to the prescribed route, and generally excellent dance combinations are the main means of expression. Such as: Jinlong Yuzhu, Silly Horse Curling and Eight Streets. On the other hand, the civil and military fields are a stable and dynamic performance, which are used alternately in a scene to create an atmosphere. Finally, the end, also known as "brake drum", means that when the yangko team runs at most a dozen or at least five tricks, the head umbrella signals the end and stops the performance. The whole process of running a venue is generally repeated in the order of Wenchang-Wuchang-Wenwu. Its rhythm is fast and slow, the atmosphere is in sharp contrast, the atmosphere is tense and the effect is eye-catching.

Generally speaking, the dances in Shanghe area are generous and powerful, rough and heroic, and they like "high posture" in the use of umbrellas, which gives people a feeling of grandeur.