I. Place

Shanxi Province is located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River in China, on the Loess Plateau in the west of North China, bordering Hebei in the east, Shaanxi in the west, Henan in the south and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the north. Because it is located to the west of Taihang Mountain, it is named Shanxi. The Spring and Autumn Period is the hometown of Jin State, so it is called "Jin" for short.

The geographical coordinates of Shanxi are 34 36'-40 44' north latitude and110/5'-114 32' east longitude.

In the east of Shanxi, there is the majestic Taihang Mountain as a natural barrier, the surging Yellow River as a graben in the west and south, and the foot of the Great Wall in the north. Because there are rivers outside and mountains inside, it has the reputation of "mountains and rivers outside".

Second, the area and terrain

Shanxi province is more than 680 kilometers long from north to south and 380 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 156300 square kilometers. Seen from the map, its outline is a parallelogram from northeast to southwest.

The topography of Shanxi is quite complex, and there are many types of landforms such as mountains, hills, plateaus, basins and platforms. The whole landform is a mountainous plateau covered with loess, and most of the elevations are between 1 1,000 meters and 2,000 meters.

Third, the main mountains and rivers

Taihang Mountain in the east, Luliang Mountain in the west, Hengshan Mountain and Wutai Mountain in the north, Zhongtiao Mountain in the south and Taiyue Mountain in the middle. The main rivers are the Yellow River and Haihe River. There are more than 1 1,000 small rivers in China, of which 240 have a basin area exceeding 1 1,000 square kilometers. Fenhe River is the longest, with a total length of 659 kilometers. The Yellow River, known as the cradle of Chinese culture, flows through the whole province 19 counties (cities) with a flow of 965 kilometers. At present, the average total water resources in Shanxi Province for many years is 65.438+0.408 billion cubic meters. After the completion of the Yellow River Diversion Project, the problem of water shortage in Shanxi will be fundamentally solved. The total water transfer in the whole year was 654.38+02 billion cubic meters, 640 million cubic meters were supplied to Taiyuan, and 560 million cubic meters were supplied to Shuozhou and Datong.

Fourth, climate characteristics.

Shanxi's topography is diverse and the height difference is wide, with zonal latitude climate and obvious vertical variation. Shanxi is located in the mid-latitude, not far from the sea, but because of the mountain barrier, the summer monsoon has little influence, belonging to the warm temperate zone and temperate continental climate. The annual average temperature is between-4-14 c, and the general trend of regional distribution of temperature is decreasing from south to north and from Pingchuan to mountainous areas. The frost-free period in Shanxi is long in the south and short in the north, and the Pingchuan mountain area is short. The average annual precipitation in the province is 400-650 mm.

Shanxi natural resources

I. Plant resources

There are 160 families and more than 3,000 kinds of higher plants in Shanxi. The south and southeast are summer green and broad-leaved mixed forest areas with secondary deciduous shrubs and deciduous broad-leaved forests. Deciduous shrubs and coniferous forests are dominant in the middle. The north and west are warm temperate and temperate shrubs and semi-arid grasslands. At present, there are more than 1000 species of wild economic plants known.

Second, animal resources.

The province is rich in animal resources, including 400 species of terrestrial vertebrates, accounting for 19. 12% of the national total. The main economic animals are 20 species of fur animals and 70 species of medicinal animals. There are 3 1 species of national first-,second-and third-class protected animals, accounting for 2 1.5% of national protected species. Among them, there are 7 species of protected animals. Brown eared pheasant is a rare bird unique to China and a provincial bird in Shanxi.

Three. land resources

Of the land resources, 2.629 million hectares can be developed, including 300,000 hectares suitable for agriculture, 972,000 hectares suitable for forest and 0/35.7 hectares suitable for grazing. At present, Shanxi is speeding up the pace of returning farmland to forests, and strives to return all 30 million mu of sloping farmland and low-yield fields to forests in about 5- 10 years, and all the existing barren hills and slopes suitable for forests are afforested, thus fundamentally improving the ecological environment in Shanxi.

Four. mineral resources

Shanxi has the richest mineral resources. At present, more than 20 species of 120 have been discovered, and 53 species have been proved, of which 34 species are among the top 10 in China, and 7 species are coal, coalbed methane, bauxite, refractory clay, perlite, gallium and zeolite. The proven coal reserves are 260 billion tons, accounting for 1/3 of the total coal reserves in China. There are many prospective reserves, complete coal types and excellent coal quality. It has the characteristics of low ash, low sulfur, low phosphorus and high calorific value, with an annual output of more than 300 million tons of raw coal, making it the largest coal-producing province in China. Bauxite reserves are about 500 million tons, accounting for more than 1/3 of the country. Iron, copper, cobalt and gallium are not only rich in reserves, but also have excellent development conditions. Shanxi has proven iron ore reserves of more than 3 billion tons, ranking fourth in the country. Copper mines rank third in the country. Among nonmetallic mineral deposits, limestone, gypsum, feldspar, asbestos, mica, marble, graphite, marble, granite and other reserves are also considerable. Yuncheng Salt Lake is famous for its rock salt, mirabilite and glauberite.

Administrative divisions of Shanxi:

By the end of 2007, Shanxi Province had 1 1 prefecture-level cities,1/county-level cities, 23 municipal districts and 85 counties.

List of administrative divisions above the county level:

Taiyuan has six municipal districts (Xinghualing District, xiaodian district, yingze district, jiancaoping district, Wanbailin District and Jinyuan District), three counties (Yangqu County, Qingxu County and loufan county), 1 county-level city (Gujiao City). Xinjian Road, Xinghualing District, Municipal People's Government.

Datong has four municipal districts (urban areas, mining areas, southern suburbs and Xinrong District) and seven counties (datong county, Tianzhen County, Lingqiu County, Yanggao County, Zuoyun County, Guangling County and Hunyuan City). Yingbin West Road, Municipal People's Government in the urban area.

Yangquan City has jurisdiction over three municipal districts (urban areas, mining areas and suburbs) and two counties (Pingding County and Yuxian County). The Municipal People's Government is located in Shinan Street.

Changzhi City governs two municipal districts (urban areas and suburbs) and 10 counties (Changzhi County, Zhangzi County, Pingshun County, Xiangyuan County, Qinyuan County, Tunliu County, Licheng County, Wuxiang County, Qinxian County and Huguan County), and manages 1 0 county-level cities (Lucheng City). Bayi Road, the Municipal People's Government in the urban area.

Jincheng has jurisdiction over 1 municipal district (urban area), 4 counties (Zezhou County, Lingchuan County, Yangcheng County and Qinshui County) and 1 county-level city (Gaoping City). The Municipal People's Government is located in the urban area.

Shuozhou City has jurisdiction over two municipal districts (Shuocheng District and Pinglu District) and four counties (Shanyin County, Youyu County, Yingxian County and Huairen County). The Municipal People's Government is located in Shuocheng District.

Jinzhong City governs 1 municipal district (Yuci District) and 9 counties (Xiyang County, Lingshi County, Qixian County, Zuoquan County, Shouyang County, Taigu County, heshun county County, Pingyao County and Yushe County), and manages 1 county-level city (Jiexiu City). Yuci district people's government.

Xinzhou City governs 1 municipal district (Xinfu District), 12 county (Daixian, Shenchi, Wuzhai, Wutai, Pianguan, ningwu county, Jingle, Fan Shi, Hequ, Baode, Dingxiang and kelan county), and manages 1 county-level city (Yuanping). The Municipal People's Government is located in Xinfu District.

Lvliang has jurisdiction over 1 municipal district (lishi district) and 10 counties (Wenshui, Zhongyang, Xingxian, Linxian, fangshan county, Liulin, Lanxian, Jiaokou, Jiaocheng and shilou county), and two county-level cities (xiaoyi city and Fenyang). The Municipal People's Government is located in Yongning Middle Road, lishi district.

Linfen has jurisdiction over 1 municipal district (Yaodu District) and 14 counties (Fenxi County, Jixian County, Anze County, Daning County, Fushan County, Guxian County, Xixiang County, Xiangfen County, Yicheng County, Yonghe County, Xiangning County, Quwo County, Hongtong County and Puxian County). Yaodu district people's government.

Yuncheng has jurisdiction over 1 municipal district (Salt Lake District) and 10 county (wenxi county, Xinjiang, Pinglu, Yuanqu, Jiangxian, Jishan, Ruicheng, Xiaxian, Wanrong and Linyi), and two county-level cities (Hejin and yongji city). The Municipal People's Government is located in Salt Lake District.