Extended data:
Hukou, also known as household registration, is the general name of hukou and population, with family as hukou and population as population. The carrier of household registration is the household registration book, which is a legal document made by the household administration department of the public security organ to record and retain the basic information of the registered population.
The historical evolution of 1
Under the auspices of Shang Yang, Qin took the lead in establishing a strict household registration system. "Within the four borders, the couple are famous, the living write, and the dead cut." It also prohibits people from moving freely, "abolishing the practice" and "depriving people of the right to move freely". People who want to go out to stay in a hotel must have an official letter of introduction, otherwise the guests will be punished with the hotel. By establishing a strict household registration system, Qin gained a strong fiscal and tax absorption ability and national mobilization ability, and won the battle for hegemony. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang's army invaded Xianyang, and the generals were busy grabbing gold and silver treasures and beautiful women. Xiao He first seized the household registration files of the Qin Dynasty, which reflected his extraordinary political foresight. Later, "Hanwang (Liu Bang) knows the world, the number of registered permanent residence, the strength and weakness, and the sufferings of the people. How did (Xiao) get Qin Shu?"
Han Dynasty: From Private to Citizen
Mid-autumn of Han Dynasty (August), northwest, clear sky in Wan Li. There is a long queue at the entrance of yamen in Juyan County, Zhangye. They are residents of Juyan County. They came to the county government to register their accounts and accepted the government's inspection in accordance with national laws and regulations. This process is called "case comparison".
Xu Zong, an embarrassed chief (director of the border post) in Xidao Road, Juyan County, was also caught in the crowd. He is fifty years old, with seven people in his family, and his property (including house, farmland and cattle) is worth thirteen thousand yuan. He must truthfully declare these household registration information to the yamen, and the yamen will register it.
The Han dynasty inherited the national household registration system of the Qin dynasty, and all landlords, yeomen, farm labourers, helpers and businessmen were included in the national household registration. This is called "universal household registration". The state requires all counties to compare cases in mid-autumn every year and create household registration. Household registration information includes: the name, gender, age, identity, place of origin, number of family members, gender and its relationship with the household head, property (including the number of handmaiden), etc. Then the county government reported the household registration to the county and state, and the county and state summarized it and reported it to the court. The imperial court set up "auspicious phase" and "Hu Cao" to govern the national household registration.