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I. Multiple choice questions (*** 15 small questions, 2 points for each small question, out of 30 points)

1. Our government attaches great importance to the implementation of the strategic policy of sustainable development and clearly proposes to build an economical society. In order to save energy, we should start from our side. The following practice is wrong ()

A. turn off the lights. B. use draft paper on both sides.

C. Use disposable chopsticks D. Use LED energy-saving lamps.

Display analysis 2. The basic operation of the following experiment is correct ()

A.

Light the alcohol lamp B.

Check the air tightness of the equipment

C.

Dilute concentrated sulfuric acid.

filter

Display analysis 3. Calcium fluoride (CaF2 _ 2) is a transparent ceramic material, which is not only resistant to high temperature, but also has excellent optical properties. Used for bulletproof glass and protective glass. The valence of f in CaF2 is ().

A.-2 B.- 1 Celsius+1 Fahrenheit +3 Celsius

Display analysis 4. The following statement about iron is true ()

A. A kitchen knife for pickling vegetables is more prone to rust than a kitchen knife placed in humid air.

B.the purpose of painting the iron gate surface is just for beauty.

C. Pig iron and steel are pure iron.

D, burning iron in pure oxygen to generate iron oxide.

Display analysis 5. Knowing safety knowledge can better protect personal and property safety. The following is not correct ()

A. If gas leakage is found, open the window for ventilation and close the valve immediately.

B. If there is a fire in the room, you should crawl forward and escape from the fire.

C. Do not eat moldy rice, melon seeds, peanuts and other foods.

Marinate fish and vegetables with sodium nitrite.

Display analysis 6. In the following chemical terms, the correct one is ()

A. Two oxygen molecules: 20b. Nitrogen element: N2.

C. hydroxide ion: oh-D.+2 valence copper element: Cu2+

7. Industrial alcohol often contains methanol (CH3OH), which will make people blind or even die after eating by mistake. The following statement about methanol is correct ().

A. methanol belongs to organic matter.

B. methanol consists of three elements: carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

C The mass ratio of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in methanol is 1: 4: 1.

D Methanol consists of 1 carbon atom, 4 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.

Display analysis 8. The solubility curves of A and B are shown in the figure, and the following statement is correct ()

The solubility of A.A is greater than that of b.

B.t 1℃, the solubility of a and b is equal.

C. at the temperature of T2, 60g of armour is put into100g of water to form an unsaturated solution.

The saturated solution of D. T 1℃ B is still saturated when the temperature rises to t2℃.

Display analysis 9. Under certain conditions, carbon dioxide and hydrogen can react as follows: CO2+4h2 = X+2h2o. Then x is ().

H2 City, A.B.CO

10. "Haibao" is the mascot of the 20 10 Shanghai World Expo. The outer material of a "Haibao" toy is pure wool and the inner material is polyester fiber. The best way to distinguish these two substances is ().

A. combustion method B. feel C. smell D. whether it is soluble in water

Display analysis 1 1. When there is a fire in the forest or grassland, one of the fire extinguishing measures is to uproot trees and grass with a certain width around the fire site to form a "firewall". The reason is ().

A. reduce the temperature below the ignition point

B. Make the fire area well ventilated.

C. isolate combustible materials from air.

D, isolate combustible materials from fire sources.

Display analysis 12. China stipulates that smoking is prohibited in public places 2011. Among the following four icons, the one that belongs to "No Smoking" is ().

A. the fourth century BC ..

13. Scientists have proved that there is a huge flammable ice belt in the South China Sea, which is a crystal formed by methane molecules and water molecules under the conditions of low temperature and high pressure on the seabed. The following statement about combustible ice is correct ().

A.it is a fossil fuel.

B its chemical formula can be written as H2O.

Its development can solve the energy problem, so there is no need to study new energy sources.

D. Because methane is non-toxic, there is no need to pay attention to the environmental problems caused by mining.

Display resolution 14. The following statement is true ()

A. Fish, lean meat and other foods are rich in vitamin C.

B.washing clothes with hard water is better than washing clothes with soft water.

When cutting copper wire, the copper atoms that make up copper may be cut in half.

D. Oil stains on tableware can be washed off by the emulsification of detergent.

Display analysis 15. It is known that two substances can react chemically under certain conditions, and the microscopic schematic diagram of the reaction is shown in the figure, so the following statement is correct (explanation: a ball represents an atom of an element) ().

A. The reactants in the figure are all compounds.

B. The reaction belongs to double decomposition reaction.

C. the reaction belongs to displacement reaction.

D. the reaction does not conform to the law of conservation of mass.

Display analysis 2. Fill in the blanks (***3 small questions, out of 29 points)

16. Chemistry is closely related to life. Please answer the following questions according to your chemical knowledge:

(1) Salt is a common condiment in daily life. The particles that make up the salt are ions.

ion

Please fill in "molecule", "atom" or "ion".

(2) People's skin will be red, swollen and itchy after being bitten by mosquitoes, which is because mosquitoes have injected a small amount of acidic substances into the bitten skin. Apply a little soapy water or toothpaste to the bitten skin, and the itching will disappear, which shows the pH value of soapy water or toothpaste >

>

(optional ">", "

(3)20 1 1 "China Water Week" has the propaganda theme of "Strictly manage water resources and promote a new leap in water conservancy". Please give an example to illustrate how to use water-saving faucet (or water vegetables, rice and flowers; Wash water and mop the floor, flush the toilet, etc. )

Water the flowers with water-saving faucet (or vegetable washing water or rice washing water); Wash water and mop the floor, flush the toilet, etc. )

Research shows that the pollution caused by a battery containing mercury, cadmium, lead and other metals can make 600 tons of water undrinkable, which is equivalent to a person's drinking water for a lifetime. In order to avoid water pollution, the reasonable measures to deal with waste batteries are not to throw them away (or put them in designated garbage bins; Study the methods to control the harm of waste batteries; Establish research institutions to prevent waste battery pollution. )

Don't throw waste batteries (or put them in the designated garbage bin; Study the methods to control the harm of waste batteries; Establish research institutions to prevent waste battery pollution. )

.

(4) Glass, plexiglass, glass fiber reinforced plastic and stainless steel are common materials in life, among which glass is an inorganic non-metallic material.

glass

Analysis shows that an earthquake of magnitude 9.0 occurred in Japan on March 17.20 1 1, which caused secondary disasters such as tsunami, radioactive material leakage from nuclear power plants and volcanic eruption.

(1) Among the following disasters caused by the earthquake and tsunami, the chemical change is D.

D

(Fill in serial number).

A houses collapsed, roads were interrupted, villages were flooded, and fires occurred frequently.

(2) The earthquake caused the explosion of generating sets 1, 2 and 3 of Fukushima nuclear power plant. According to the investigation, the cause of the explosion was that hydrogen leaked into the air and reacted violently with oxygen when exposed to an open flame. The chemical equation of this reaction is 2H2+O2 ignition.

.

2H2O

2H2+O2 ignition

.

2H2O

After the explosion, the leaked nuclear material drifted away, indicating that the basic particles that make up the material are constantly moving.

Keep moving forward

Nature of.

(3) In order to prevent nuclear radiation, the Japanese government advised the victims to eat more iodine-containing substances. Iodine here refers to elements.

element

(Fill in "element" or "simple substance").

(4) Uranium is the main fuel of gas-cooled reactor in nuclear reaction for power generation. As shown in the figure, the information of uranium in the periodic table is that 92% is in a uranium nucleus.

92

Proton and uranium belong to metals.

metal

(Fill in "metal" or "nonmetal" elements. Analysis shows 18. Manganese and nickel are the main additives in many alloys. In order to know the relative positions of manganese and nickel in the metal activity sequence table, students in the interest group conducted the following experiments: metal manganese (Mn) was inserted into nickel sulfate (NiSO4) solution, and a layer of metal nickel (Ni) was precipitated on the surface of manganese.

(1) Please fill in the element symbols of manganese and nickel in the corresponding positions in the metal activity sequence table in the figure.

manganese

manganese

nickel

nickel

(2) Xiaolong thinks that the sequence of the above activities is not necessarily correct. In order to judge right or wrong, he put a small piece of metallic nickel into dilute sulfuric acid solution. When bubbles are observed on the surface of the nickel sheet,

bubble

If so, the sequence of activities is correct.

correct

(Select "Correct" or "Wrong"). Write the equation Ni+H2SO4=NiSO4+H2↑ for the reaction of metallic nickel with dilute sulfuric acid.

Nickel+sulfuric acid = nickel sulfate +H2

.

(3) Silver-nickel alloy has good conductivity and arc resistance, and is often used in low-voltage electrical appliances. In order to purify metallic silver from silver-nickel alloy, the students in the interest group designed a recovery scheme, as shown in the figure:

For X used in the above experiment, student A thinks that dilute sulfuric acid should be used, and student B thinks that copper sulfate solution should be used. What do you think of A

first

(Choose "A" or "B") The students chose the right one, because in the order of metal activity, Ni comes before hydrogen and can react with acid, but Ag can't.

In the metal active sequence, Ni can react with acid before hydrogen, but Ag can't.

Show analysis iii. Experiment and inquiry (***2 small questions, out of 32 points)

19. Students in the chemistry interest group want to make ordinary gas with the device shown in the picture. Please answer the questions:

(1) Write the name of the instrument marked in the drawing: ① Long-necked funnel.

The long neck funnel

② Gas cylinder

Gas collecting cylinder

.

(2) Some instruments and single-hole rubber plugs shown in the above figure cannot be selected.

cannot

(Select "Yes" or "No") Complete the experiment of making oxygen with potassium permanganate, because there is no alcohol lamp in the picture, and potassium permanganate cannot be heated.

There is no alcohol lamp in the picture, so potassium permanganate can't be heated.

.

(3) If a, b and f are used to form a gas generator, the gas it can be used to generate is oxygen (or carbon dioxide).

Oxygen (or carbon dioxide)

(Just write one), the chemical equation of this reaction is 2H2O2 MnO2.

.

2H2O+O2↑ = (or CaCO3+2hcl = CaCl2+H2O+CO2 =)

2H2O2 MnO2

.

2H2O+O2↑ = (or CaCO3+2hcl = CaCl2+H2O+CO2 =)

At this time, if you want to collect dry gas, the optional collection device is D.

D

(Fill in the equipment serial number).

(4) As we all know, acetylene is a water-insoluble gas, and its density is slightly lower than that of air. Bulk calcium carbide (main component CaC2) commonly used in laboratory reacts with water at room temperature to generate acetylene (C2H2) and calcium hydroxide at the same time. The reaction is intense, giving off a lot of heat. If it is not handled properly, the reaction container will burst. Write the chemical equation CaC2+2H2O = Ca (.

CaC2+2H2O=Ca(OH)2+C2H2↑

In order to ensure the safety of the experiment, you think ACF in the above instrument should be selected.

Advancedcommunicationsfunction

(optional device serial number, the same below) and other instruments to form a power generation device; When collecting, the device to be selected is E.

E

During the summer vacation, when Xiao Ming went to the farmland to help, he found that ammonium bicarbonate scattered on the ground disappeared quickly under the sunlight and produced a pungent smell. He was very curious. After returning to school, he asked his classmates the following questions:

[Question] Can ammonium bicarbonate be decomposed at high temperature? What is the product?

[Guess hypothesis] Ammonium bicarbonate is easy to decompose, and the products may be water, carbon dioxide and ammonia. Students' guesses are mainly based on the conservation of mass.

Law of conservation of mass

Method and put forward.

[Design Experiment] Xiaoming designed the device as shown in the figure to carry out the experiment.

(The clamping device is omitted in the figure).

(1) Dry litmus test paper turns blue.

blue

Color, which proves that water and ammonia are generated in the experiment.

(2) The clarified limewater in Equipment B becomes turbid

Become turbid

Prove that there is carbon dioxide in the product.

【 Experimental conclusion 】 The above conjecture is correct.

correct

(Select "Correct" or "Wrong").

[Reflection and Expansion] (1) The heat energy required for the decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate in the above experiment is the chemistry generated by the reaction between quicklime and water.

chemistry

Can be transformed.

(2) Xiaohong suggested that if the clarified limewater in device B is replaced by NaOH solution, and then the product in device B is verified, it can also be proved that CO2 is generated in the decomposition product of ammonium bicarbonate. Please help her design the experiment to verify the products in B and complete the experiment report.

Experimental steps: experimental chemical equation of phenomenon reaction.

Take a small amount of the reacted solution in a test tube and add dilute hydrochloric acid dropwise.

Dilute hydrochloric acid has bubbles.

Na2CO3+2HCl produced by bubbles = 2NaCl+H2O+CO2 =

Na2CO3+2HCl=2NaCl+H2O+CO2

(3) According to the above experiments, what do you think should be paid attention to when ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer is stored in low temperature?

Cryogenic sealed preservation

. Display analysis iv. Calculation problem (***2 small questions, out of 9 points)

2 1. According to experts, disinfecting air with acetic acid steam can effectively prevent influenza. A school uses 120g 10% acetic acid aqueous solution to make steam for air disinfection in classrooms.

In (1) 120g 10% acetic acid aqueous solution, the solute acetic acid is 12.

12

g.

(2) If diluted with 80% concentrated acetic acid, concentrated acetic acid 15 is needed.

15

G. display analysis 22. The flue gas emitted from coal-fired chimneys in factories contains sulfur dioxide. In order to reduce environmental pollution, sodium hydroxide solution can be introduced for absorption: 2 NaOH+SO2 = Na2SO3+H2O. How many kilograms of SO2 can an alkaline solution containing 240kg kilograms of sodium hydroxide theoretically absorb?