Naturally growing ginkgo trees are tall and straight deciduous trees. Generally, it can be as high as 20 ~ 30m, and individual trees can be as high as 60m. The DBH can reach 2 ~ 3 m, and the single plant can reach more than 4 m.

2

Branches of ginkgo seedlings

There are two types of branches of ginkgo seedlings, namely long branches and short branches.

The growth of long branches is large, and the short branches come from long branches with small annual growth, often showing annual ring marks. The age of 3cm long short branches is about 15 years, and the age of 10cm long short branches can reach 30 years. The short branches of ginkgo seedlings are reproductive branches, and both male and female flowers grow on the short branches. From the perspective of fruit trees, the female short branches of Ginkgo biloba seedlings are actually a fruiting branch group. If the nutrition is sufficient, 2-year-old short branches can blossom and bear fruit, but it usually takes 3 ~ 5 years. In the natural growth state, most ginkgo seedlings have grown branches before 10 years old. With the growth of ginkgo trees, the long branches are relatively reduced and the short branches are increasing.

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Bark of ginkgo seedlings

Ginkgo biloba seedlings have smooth bark when they are young, and the bark cracks longitudinally when they are old. Generally, the trunk is round, but sometimes it has obvious ridges. For example, the ginkgo tree on the beach of Zhujiahe River in Wang Ba Township, Kang County, Gansu Province has eight longitudinal edges on its trunk, and the locals call it the eight-edged ginkgo tree. Ginkgo biloba has a huge crown with a crown width of 36mX36m m.

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Sow seedlings

One-year rooting system of ginkgo seedlings is very developed. According to the measurement, the taproot of a 25 cm tall seedling can be as long as 43 cm, which is 1.65 times the height of the seedling. After transplanting, the development of lateral roots of young ginkgo trees was obviously accelerated because most of the main roots were cut off.

five

dioecism

Ginkgo biloba seedlings are dioecious, not only the male and female flowers are not born on the same tree, but also the shapes of the male and female flowers are obviously different. The male flower of Ginkgo biloba is very similar to the male flower inflorescence of poplar or willow, but the difference is that the male flower of poplar and willow is an inflorescence, and an inflorescence consists of many small flowers, while the male flower of Ginkgo biloba is just a flower, so the male flower of Ginkgo biloba seedlings can only be called cauliflower or male flower, not inflorescence.

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Leaves of Ginkgo biloba seedlings

Ginkgo seedling leaves are simple, alternate on long branches, and 4 ~ 14 leaves are clustered on short branches. Ginkgo biloba leaves are mostly fan-shaped, but there are also wishful shapes, cross sections, triangles and so on. The single blade is in the shape of a paper roll or a line. The size and shape of its leaves vary with age, vitality, fertility, variety and place where the leaves are planted. The smallest blade is only 2.5 cm at the widest point and no more than 2 cm in the middle. The width of the largest blade can reach 2 1.5cm, and the middle length can exceed 8cm.

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gingkgo

Because of different varieties, the size, shape, grain weight, color, hardness, white powder, oil cells and so on are also different. Length, thickness and curvature of fruit stalk, maturity time of seed, high and stable yield, size, shape, grain weight, color, vascular bundle mark, micropyle, kernel rate, grain color and storage period, endosperm. The root system of Ginkgo biloba varies with the age of the tree. When ginkgo seeds germinate, alfalfa first appears its radicle, and then pulls out the stem at the top of the radicle to grow leaves.

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Functions of Ginkgo biloba

Ginkgo nut

Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as ginkgo biloba, consists of fleshy exocarp, bony mesocarp, membranous endosperm and seed kernel. Ginkgo biloba was listed as a royal tribute in the Song Dynasty.

The taste is flat, sweet and bitter, and the toxicity is small; Entering the lung and kidney meridians;

Efficacy is mainly used to astringe lung qi, relieve asthma and cough, relieve stranguria, reduce defecation, disinfect and kill insects. Indications: asthma, phlegm cough, wet dream, leucorrhea, turbid urine, infantile diarrhea, insect accumulation, intestinal wind and visceral toxicity, gonorrhea, frequent urination, scabies, lacquered sores and leukoplakia;

Every 100g nutrient contains protein 6.4g, fat 2.4g, carbohydrate 36g, crude fiber 1.2g, sucrose 52g, reducing sugar 1. 1, calcium 10mg and phosphorus 2 1 8mg.

Ginkgo leaf

1 and ginkgolides can selectively inhibit platelet activating factor.

2. Ginkgo flavone glycosides have high anti-albinism ability.

3. Ginkgolides and flavonoid glycosides have synergistic effect, which can dilate blood vessels, increase blood flow, improve cardiovascular and cerebrovascular circulation and protect brain and myocardial cells under hypoxia.

4. Whitening: When the body is in poor health, our endocrine is prone to disorder and disorder. At this time, there are too many oxygen free radicals and insufficient superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the body, which leads to the oxidation reaction between too many oxygen free radicals and dermal cells, forming a large number of lipofuscin (lipid peroxide), resulting in chloasma or pregnancy spots. Flavonoids contained in Ginkgo biloba leaves can hinder the formation and deposition of pigments in the dermis, thus whitening the skin and preventing pigmentation. Besides flavonoids, trace elements such as manganese and molybdenum in Ginkgo biloba leaves can also scavenge oxygen free radicals and inhibit the growth of melanin.

5. Wrinkle removal: It takes about 3 months to completely renew human skin, but why do we still have annoying fine lines on our faces? The reason is that the newborn cells formed in the dermis have been oxidized by too many free radicals before reaching the skin surface, and they are already aging cells when they reach the epidermis. Flavonoids glycosides and flavonols in Ginkgo biloba leaves are free radical scavengers, which can protect dermal cells, improve blood circulation and prevent cells from being oxidized to produce wrinkles.