My name is Zhang Bainian. I was born in April 1948. I am 72 years old. I'm from Dongguyi Village, Xiyan Township, lingbao city. Because I have loved the art of traditional Chinese opera all my life, I have been designing Pu Opera for lingbao city Puppet Art Troupe for more than 20 years, and I have been acting as the Daobai and backup singer of various roles for the actors of Zhou Puppet. On September 20 15, I was named as the representative inheritor of Sanmenxia municipal intangible cultural heritage project (puppet show) by Sanmenxia Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, Film and Television Press and Publication. ″
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1955 I started in our village primary school. Guo Manzhi, an old artist in our village, worked as an actor in Lingbao County Troupe. I fell in love with the art of traditional Chinese opera when I first saw his wonderful performance in Pu Opera "The Country" at the Temple Fair of athel Loren in our village. I sing a few words whenever I have time and have been addicted to drama.
1959 I was admitted to Pohu Senior Primary School. At that time, I ate in the canteen all day and went to class hungry. In order to forget about hunger, Zhu began by "giving up rice", giving up his own flesh and blood to join the army and returning to the grave and two hills. My wife and mother lingered in death, leaving Wan Huhou alone. She snorted a few times to fight hunger.
196 1 During the three-year natural disaster, I was admitted to Lingbao No.2 Middle School in Yangping. In No.2 Middle School, I met my tutor, Mr. Wang Duo, who guided me to the road of traditional Chinese opera. Under the inculcation of Mr. Wang Duo, I began to learn notation and joined the school's art performance team. Teacher Wang rehearsed many small songs and dances for us, and performed Nanniwan and Cut Window Flowers at school and Yangpingji.
I graduated from No.2 Middle School, 1964. Because my parents gave birth to my only son in my later years and there was no labor force at home, I had to go home and work in the production team. During this period, I worked during the day and sorted out and copied the lyrics of Pu Opera, Hu Mei and Taoist scripts at night, and wrote music for them. During the break, you will sing it repeatedly and keep it in mind. Learned to play Qin Qin.
The Cultural Revolution began at 1966. Traditional opera art was vilified as feudal dross, and all performances were stopped. Eight model operas are being staged nationwide. Guo Manzhi and Chang Zi, teachers of Lingbao Troupe, spontaneously returned to the village for unemployment because they could not perform. Just then, an ideological propaganda team was set up in the village, with Mr. Guo as the director and Mr. Chang conducting the band. Because I can read music and play Qin Qin, I was arranged in a band. We rehearsed revolutionary modern dramas such as Hanging Red Lantern High, Shajiabang, Taking the Tiger Mountain Outward, The Wind and Cloud of the Mountain Country, The Daughter of the Party, Crossing the Border and The Gardener's Song. Because of our high performance level, it has been well received by leaders and villagers. 1March, 968, invited to perform in Ruicheng and other places in Shanxi for more than half a month.
From 65438 to 0978, after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the traditional opera art ushered in spring. Under the guidance of the party's literary policy, the old artists of Lingbao Pingju, Wa (teacher) and Shang Faxiang (teacher Ban Hu), set up a Pingju Troupe, and I was invited to join the band. The troupe rehearsed traditional repertoires such as "The Hall of Headlights", "San La Tang" and "San Shang Jiao", which were well received by the masses after the performance. Old artist Zhao (director) and Tian Chengge (teacher) formed a troupe, and I was invited to join the band. Traditional repertoires such as Fox Edge, Ruyi Pot and Huoju have been rehearsed one after another, and their performances have spread all over Shaanxi Lingbao and Lushi.
With the economic recovery, the suona team, which had been silent for more than ten years, began to flourish again. In order to make a living, I joined the suona teams in various towns, mainly singing opera and singing. He has participated in the bands of famous suona players such as Wang, Niu Zhuang Man Xiang and Nan Tan, and performed all over the county. Through the performance, I improved my singing level and broadened my horizons.
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Lingbao's puppet show has a long history. The earliest puppets were related to funeral figures in slave society. According to legend, there was a puppet show in China during the Zhou and Qin Dynasties. It is said that at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, after Lao Tzu finished writing the Tao Te Ching in Hanguguan, his disciples sang the Tao Te Ching in the form of puppets, using ethnic groups.
The modes in the pentatonic scale (Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng, Yu). The Ming and Qing Dynasties were a prosperous period for the development of traditional Chinese opera. Lingbao puppet show was closely combined with Pu Opera, Hu Mei and Taoism at that time, and was widely spread in the Henan-Shaanxi triangle. After liberation, Lingbao once set up a puppet troupe, but for various reasons, it was quickly dissolved.
From 65438 to 0996, Mr. Li Xuewu loved puppet shows all his life and accompanied puppets for more than 50 years, overcoming many difficulties. With the support and help of Li Bingsheng, lingbao city Puppet Art Troupe was established with the approval of Sanmenxia Mass Art Museum. Teacher Li is the team leader. The main actors are the famous shadow puppeteer in the village, me, Su Juancao from Wulong and the temple. My main job is to design vocals, accompany singers, collect scripts and play Qin Qin in the band.
After the establishment of the troupe, there was no rehearsal space, so it concentrated on Mr. Li's house, copying script lines, practicing singing and arranging actions. A number of repertoires have been restored and rearranged, such as Shoppers Rummaging, The Story of the Shrew, Zhang Lian Selling Cloth, Zhang Lian Selling Wife, The Belt of Rebirth, Lin Gongzi Meeting the Bride, and Young Couples Quarrel. Then they performed in Lingbao, Lushi and other places in Shaanxi, and the audience reacted strongly: the puppet show is alive again!
The puppet show consists of puppets, manipulators, voice actors and bands. Actors who manipulate puppets have emotions, gentle and powerful movements, and verbal movements that can sing and dance well. Puppet's head, eyes, mouth, hands and feet can move freely. When singing white, the mouth opens and closes with the melody of the tune, and the eyes turn with the action of the performance. From the eyes and movements, we can see the joy, sadness, anger and hate of the puppet. Puppet hands can easily send things, take things, play drums, play the piano, ride bicycles, row boats, vault and whip. Strive to achieve the artistic realm of "if it really comes from the liver and lungs of a puppet" by coordinating the operation on the hand, the rap on the mouth and the footsteps on the soles of the feet. So people praised: Woodenhead and Woodenhead are really like individuals. Puppet show, puppet show, acting like a real person. The accompaniment instruments of the band are rich and varied: there are banhu, Hu Si, erhu, flute, sanxian and Qin Qin in the literary field; There are Ban Gu, Da Gong, Xiao Gong, Da Chai and Xiao Chai in Wulin.
In the form of performance, teachers Li Bingsheng, Li Xuewu and Su Juancao of Lingbao Puppet Troupe manipulated puppets, told the truth and sang by themselves. The advantage of this is that you can walk and sing with your hands, and the performance effect is exactly the same as that of a real person. Other teachers can only manipulate puppets and can't sing. I will play Qin Qin and be a backup singer backstage. I will play several roles. When I sing, I pay full attention to the movements and styles of the actors who manipulate the puppet. Only by cooperating with each other, the chorus can be put in place, so that the words are clear and clear, and the sounds and feelings are rich. Therefore, I often get hoarse after the performance. A table, two or three puppets, eight or nine people, one stroke and one style, one play and one singing, explain the fantasy and mystery of myth, the magnificent history and countless disputes among people. This is the charm of Lingbao puppet show.
Since its establishment more than 20 years ago, Lingbao Puppet Art Troupe has insisted on sending operas to the countryside, covering the golden triangle area of Henan, Shaanxi and Shanxi, and has won the support and praise of the audience. He has participated in various large-scale performances for many times and won numerous awards, which has been affirmed and praised by leaders at all levels.
In February, 2000, at the invitation of Sanmenxia Cultural Center, lingbao city Puppet Art Troupe performed in Shaanxi Scenic Area for a week, which was warmly welcomed and highly praised by the leaders and audience of the Cultural Center. Director Bai Yuguo gave me three monographs on traditional Chinese opera, namely, Music of Pu Opera, Selected aria of Pu Opera and Random Talk of Pu Opera.
In June 2009, Lingbao puppet show was included in the second batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage list in Henan Province.
On March 4th, 20 12, China Drama Network made a special report on the lingbao city puppet show, calling for the rescue of the "intangible" puppet show that is on the verge of extinction.
20 13 February, lingbao city Puppet Art Troupe was invited by the organizing committee of the 8th "Spring of Weishui" Cultural Temple Fair in Xinxiang City to perform in Xinxiang for the first time. In order to impress the audience in Xinxiang with Lingbao puppet show, Colonel Li Xuewu and I created and arranged a new play "Four Fairys Praise Xinxiang" overnight. The next day's performance was warmly welcomed by the local audience. Deeply moved by the spirit of Lingbao Puppet, the leaders of the organizing committee immediately renewed the performance contract with Lingbao Puppet Art Troupe for seven days.
On the first day of Lunar New Year's Day in 20 14, lingbao city Puppet Art Troupe was taken to the scenic spot by special bus. After getting off the bus, the cast members began to perform after a short break, regardless of the fatigue of the journey. The novel program form and colorful program content have been praised by the leaders and audiences of the scenic spot.
From August 2065438 to August 2007, the mythical puppet drama "Three Gates of Yu Kai" organized by Lingbao Puppet Art Group was successfully selected for the performance of "Charming China City" in Sanmenxia City, which was broadcast on CCTV and performed in Lingbao, Sanmenxia and Zhengzhou successively.
From 20 1 1 in 2008 to 65438+2 in lingbao city Cultural Center, lingbao city Puppet Art Troupe has specially arranged some new plays, such as What's the trouble in the sea, Song Wu Da Hu and Pig Bajie, which are suitable for students to watch. Into the lingbao city No.1 Kindergarten, lingbao city No.4 Experimental Primary School, lingbao city Chengguan Jiefang Primary School, Hanguguan Junior High School and other primary and secondary schools, held special performances for students, popularized puppet show knowledge and taught students to manipulate puppets. The simple stage, lifelike puppet, fascinating plot, humorous narration and lively singing deeply attracted the students' attention. As the plot progressed, they were sometimes excited, sometimes cheering and sometimes clapping, and the atmosphere was very warm.
2065438+In early April of 2009, Lingbao Puppet Art Troupe participated in the performance of the 13th China Henan International Trade Fair, which attracted the attention and praise of international friends.
On June 4th, 20 19, our delegation participated in the intangible cultural heritage exhibition activities of lingbao city 20 19 "Cultural and Natural Heritage Day" and I sang live. It was warmly welcomed by the audience, with constant applause and touching scenes.
March 2020 16 Sanmenxia Intangible Cultural Heritage Project CatalogueNo. 18 gave a detailed introduction and explanation to lingbao city Puppet Art Troupe, a provincial intangible cultural heritage (puppet show). It further increased the popularity of Lingbao puppet show.
Achievements can only explain the past. At present, the living conditions of Lingbao Puppet Art Troupe are not ideal. Most of the cast members are over 70 years old and are in danger of being lost. Some materials can't be published, and because they are all farmers, there is no guarantee of funds, and the materials are in danger of being lost. Inheritors lack basic rights and interests protection and necessary financial support. I hope the relevant government departments can pay attention to it, so that Lingbao puppet show can be passed down, endless and prosperous.
The simple and elegant Lingbao puppet show, with the rough flavor of Shan Ye and the original fragrance of the earth, trudged from the ancient history. Let's pay more attention to Lingbao puppet show, and let Lingbao puppet show regain its vitality in the contemporary civilized and harmonious society.
The organizer of this paper is Wang Bangying, a retired teacher, party member, with a university degree. He used to be a member of "Henan Education Management Professional Committee" and "Middle School Chinese Teaching Research Association" in Sanmenxia City. I love writing, and my works are published in Sanmenxia literature and history materials and Sanmenxia historical records.
The narrator of this article is Zhang Bainian,1born in April 1948, a native of Dongguyi Village, Xiyan Township, lingbao city, with a junior high school education. The actor of Lingbao Puppet Art Troupe was named as the representative inheritor of Sanmenxia municipal intangible cultural heritage project (puppet show) by Sanmenxia Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, Film and Television Press and Publication in September, 20 15.