I. Classification of components
Gold and silver jewelry can be divided into three categories according to the types of precious metals: gold jewelry, silver jewelry and platinum jewelry. Each category is divided into several subcategories.
1, gold jewelry
(1) gold jewelry
Jewelry made of gold with a purity of 990‰. Pure gold with a purity of 999‰ is called pure gold, which is the highest among pure gold jewelry.
Some gold ornaments on the market marked "9999" are actually deceiving consumers. As the saying goes, "gold is not enough." In the national standard of gold, the fineness of 9999 is the highest, that is to say, if jewelry is made of 9999 gold material, the fineness of finished jewelry must be lower than 9999, not to mention the highest fineness jewelry in the jewelry standard (GB/T1KLOC-0/887-2000) is 999 (.
The purity of "Xinyi" gold jewelry is not less than 992, and it is marked as "pure gold". The fineness of "Xinyi" thousand gold jewelry is 999, which is the highest fineness of Xinyi jewelry.
(2)K gold jewelry
The fineness of pure gold is divided into 24 parts, each marked as 1K, and 24K gold is pure gold. The fineness of 18K gold is 18/24, that is, 750‰, and that of 9K is 375‰.
Theoretically, the purity of 24K gold should be 1000‰, but it is inappropriate to call all pure gold or thousands of pure gold 24K gold. However, it needs to be clear that the so-called "pure gold" is not for adding non-gold components to the joint, but for adding different components to realize the change of hardness and color. Therefore, in order to distinguish this point, gold with joints intentionally added is usually called K gold.
The fineness classification of K gold is generally divided into 22K, 18K, 14K and 9K. Although the gold content of a certain fineness of K-gold is uniform, its joint filling formula is not exactly the same, and the color of the alloy is also different, so there are yellow K-gold, white K-gold and red K-gold. "Xinyi" jewelry mainly produces yellow 18K gold jewelry and white 18K gold jewelry, which are also two popular K gold jewelry in China.
2. Silver jewelry
(1) foot silver jewelry
The color is 990. Smooth surface, silvery white, good ductility and elegant appearance.
(2) Silver alloy jewelry
Usually the fineness is 925, which is called "standard silver". Bright surface, still silvery white, moderate hardness and ductility, easy to process, exquisite, exquisite and decorative. The fineness of Xinyi silver jewelry and silver products is 950.
Of course, there are also silver ornaments with low silver content, especially some ornaments with national style, which are very beautiful and exquisite.
3. Platinum jewelry
Platinum jewelry refers to jewelry mainly composed of platinum group elements. Considering the requirements of processing technology, the content of platinum is usually 900, which is called Pt900, and other components are elements such as palladium.
Jewelry standard stipulates that the content of platinum and palladium in Pt900 platinum jewelry shall not be less than 950. With the increase of palladium price in the international precious metal market, the price of palladium has risen from the original price lower than that of platinum to the price higher than that of platinum. Therefore, in order to reduce the cost of raw materials for jewelry manufacturing, platinum jewelry of Pt950 family has appeared at present.
Second, the morphological classification
According to the morphological classification, gold and silver jewelry can be divided into many kinds, and according to the order of wearing parts from top to bottom, it can be divided into:
1, headdress
Mainly earrings, earrings, hairpins, hairpins and so on.
2. Necklace
There are mainly necklaces, collars, long-life locks, all kinds of string ornaments and so on.
3. Jewelry
There are mainly bracelets, bracelets, rings and so on.
4, chest, waist accessories
Mainly brooches, gold and silver ornaments, tie clips, clothes pegs, etc.
5. Footwear
There are mainly anklets, anklets and anklets.
Third, the classification of processing technology
Mechanical processing includes mechanical manufacturing, mechanical forging, welding and mechanical polishing;
Semi-machining includes manual forming, mechanical forging, mechanical welding and manual polishing;
Manual processing includes manual molding, manual forging hammer and manual polishing.
In the above three processes, manual process is the foundation and the essential process composition of each factory, and the amount of mechanical processing reflects the productivity level of a jewelry processing enterprise. The processing of "Xinyi" jewelry adopts international advanced jewelry processing equipment and production methods, which has considerable scientific and technological content.
The above three kinds of classification methods are commonly used, especially by components, which are the most widely used.
Four. Usage classification
According to different uses, it can be divided into practical, artistic, commemorative, traditional and moral gold and silver ornaments.