In the work of vehicle evaluation, it is often encountered to provide value basis for the court to award economic compensation and property litigation. Due to the complexity of economic cases and the mobility of the vehicle itself, the asset owner and the entrusting party may not be able to provide the original documents of vehicle purchase, such as automobile sales invoices, second-hand motor vehicle transaction invoices, motor vehicle driving licenses, etc., or they may not be able to accurately understand the information needed for the evaluation of vehicle purchase time, use and maintenance status.
How to determine the evaluation value of the vehicle in such a situation?
When we usually use the replacement cost method, the evaluation value = replacement value × innovation rate.
The replacement value is determined according to the current market price of similar structural types and models, which is the main factor affecting price changes.
We generally use the service life method and component identification method to determine the new rate. Because the mileage in mileage method can be adjusted, damaged or even destroyed artificially, the reliability of mileage is not high, and it can only be used as a reference for evaluation; The service life method involves calculating the service life with the production year of the car; The component appraisal method requires appraisers to have a clear understanding of the vehicle structure. It is a method to calculate and score according to the importance of each part of the whole vehicle and the proportion of its value, and finally determine the new rate. It is worth noting that the appraisers also applied the service life method when estimating the rate of renewal of main parts of automobile assemblies or parts, that is, it is generally impossible to estimate the rate of renewal of assemblies or parts beyond the value calculated by the service life method unless there is additional investment in overhaul or replacement of assemblies.
As mentioned above, both the replacement value and replacement rate (including market method evaluation) need to determine the similar structure type and model year of the vehicle. There is a practical way to know the vehicle model structure and model year, that is, to find out the changes and differences of vehicle structure and configuration from the vehicle model nameplate or identification code, so as to provide a reasonable basis for us to determine the replacement value, update rate and final evaluation value.
Vehicle type plate is to record the factory time and basic performance in a certain part of the car after being abbreviated by words and letters. Different manufacturers of cars have different fixed positions of vehicle type signs, but most of them are fixed in a certain position in the cab or hood.
First, the current compilation rules of domestic automobile models
1988, China promulgated GB94 17—88-88 "Rules for the Compilation of Automobile Product Models", which stipulated the terms and composition of the compilation of various automobile product models, and was applicable to all kinds of automobiles and semi-trailers (except military special vehicles) that were newly designed and finalized.
Model composition of automobile products
Automobile product model consists of enterprise name code, vehicle category code, main parameter code and product serial number.
Such as: Li Xia TJ-7130U.
Name of Enterprise Tianjin Tianjin
Vehicle Category 7- Automobile
Main parameters: 13- 1.3l displacement.
Design Serial Number 0- First Design (Carburetor Type)
Enterprise custom code u- three boxes
Two. Rules for identification codes of imported cars and domestic cars after China's entry into WTO
At present, most cars produced by automobile companies all over the world use VIN (Vehicle Identification Number), which consists of a set of letters and Arabic numerals. *** 17 digits, also known as 17 digits identification code. From this, the country of production, manufacturing company or manufacturer, vehicle model, brand name, vehicle series, body form, engine model, vehicle model year, safety protection device model, inspection number, assembly factory name and factory serial number can be identified. On February 25th, 1996, the former Ministry of Machinery Industry issued the Management Rules of Vehicle Identification Number (VIN), which stipulated that "after 1999 and 1, all new production vehicles within the applicable scope must use VIN".
VIN is a comprehensive, accurate and standardized identification code that reflects vehicle information, and it is the "identity card" of a car. In the evaluation work, the appraisers focus on the vehicle structure and model year (the tenth code in VIN) to determine the replacement value, service life and innovation rate of the vehicle.
For example, VIN of Beijing Jeep Automobile Co., Ltd. (BJC).
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⑴ ⑵ ⑶ ⑷ ⑸ ⑹ ⑺ ⑻ ⑼ ⑽ ⑾ ⑿ ⒀ ⒁ ⒂ ⒃ ⒄
Number (1): code of production geographical area.
(The code is "J-R" in Asia and "L" in China)
Number 2: country of production code
(China's code is "0-9" and "A-Z" BJC is used as "E").
Number 3: Model code approved by the manufacturer for filing.
(4-BJ202 1 series)
Number φ: the total quality grading code determined by the factory.
(e-1360-1814kg)
5]: Model code
(J-4×4 left steering wheel)
[6]: Assembly type code
(6- Mid-range)
⑺: Body Grade Code
(8-4 door metal hardtop)
⑻: Engine type code
(H-2.5L four-cylinder multi-point fuel injection gasoline engine)
Levies: factory inspection code
(A-BJ202 1EL Four-cylinder EFI Long Wheelbase Cherokee)
⑽: Model year code
(V- 1997)
⑾: Assembly factory code
⑿ ~⒄: factory number code
The identification code is searched according to the Technical Specification Manual of World Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) published by People's Communications Publishing House.
VIN identification codes are usually in the form of signs, which are attached to different parts of the car.
Using VIN data, you can also identify assembled cars and smuggled cars. This is also the place that appraisers should pay attention to.
From the model or code of the car, we can also see whether it is an EFI (including the number of valves) or a carburetor engine, and whether it has a central door lock, an electronically controlled power steering system, an anti-lock braking system (ABS) and airbags. All these directly affect the evaluation value of the car.