Propagation method of begonia:
Sowing method
Although seedlings grow slowly, they often mutate, so in order to obtain a large number of rootstocks or cross breeding, sowing is still used. The commonly used rootstocks in northern China are Shandingzi, Xifu Begonia and Cleavage Begonia. Begonia hupehensis is used in the south. Begonia seeds must be stratified at low temperature for 30 days to 100 days before sowing. The fully stratified seeds emerge quickly and neatly, and the emergence rate is high; Seeds without stratification cannot germinate, or rarely germinate. You can also pick the fruit in autumn, remove the meat, dry it for a while and sow it on the sand bed to let the seeds mature naturally. The depth of covering soil is about 1 cm, and plastic film is covered to preserve moisture. Remove the plastic film after emergence, spread a layer of loose fertile soil in time, strengthen fertilizer and water management at seedling stage, and transplant in late autumn of that year.
Grafting method
Take the seedlings that have been sown and propagated as rootstocks for branch grafting or bud grafting. Carry out branch grafting or bud grafting. Tree sap flows and germinates in spring for branch grafting, and can bud grafting in autumn (July-September). Branches can be cut and split. The scion is selected from fully developed 1 year branches, the middle part (with more than two complete buds) is taken, and then the scion is covered with fine soil. How to use bud grafting? t？ Word grafting, about 10 days after grafting, the bud is fresh, and the place where the petiole corner falls off is the grafting certificate, and the binding can be released in a few days. When the height of seedlings is 80 cm ~ 100 cm, backbone branches are formed, and then only dense branches, inward branches and overlapping branches are pruned to keep the crown round.
Branch method
Before germination in early spring or after defoliation in autumn and winter, dig the tillers germinated in rhizosphere into several plants, or transplant 2-3 sprouted strips with roots in clusters. After planting, it should be watered in time, moisturized and shaded when necessary.
Propagation method of begonia:
1. Planting is generally carried out underground, or potted plants can be made into bonsai and planted in spring. Because we want to avoid water stains, we should plant it in a place with a little higher terrain, less water accumulation and plenty of sunshine. The soil is neutral and alkaline, and the pH value is not lower than 7. The material should be loose, but not too fertile, which will easily lead to virtual length and reduced flowering period. Planting holes should be determined according to the size of the root system, not too deep or too big, and the root system should be dispersed as well. The planting depth should be10cm above the ground. It is best to plant with soil balls. After planting, pour enough water.
2. Light-temperature begonia is suitable for growing in sunny environment, but it grows poorly in cool environment. If potted, put it in a well-lit place during the growing period. It will not freeze at the low temperature of-15℃ in winter, and can overwinter in the open air. But in the extremely cold winter, it is necessary to take cold-proof measures.
3. The combination of watering and fertilization. It is better to apply 1 times fertilizer after defoliation every autumn to supplement the nutrients consumed by flowers and fruits and to apply decomposed organic fertilizer. At the same time combined with winter irrigation and watering. Before shading spring buds, apply organic fertilizer 1 times and water 1 times. Fertilization methods vary with the age of trees in autumn and winter. Young trees are picked by ring and fertilized by shaking table, and the distance between ring and root is within 100 cm. Radial excavation and fertilization are carried out on the old trees; Weeds should be eliminated in the old tree combination, and organic fertilizer should be applied under the crown. After fertilization, the fertilizer should be turned into the soil for 30 cm, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied twice after flowering to ensure a certain fruit setting rate. Pay attention to watering at the same time.
4. The flower buds of shaping and pruning begonia are mostly differentiated from terminal buds, mainly with medium and short fruit branches, which should be kept. Long branches should be cut short, and at the same time, dense branches, dead branches and insect branches should be cut off, and then pruned according to the required tree shape. In order to make the crown perfect, it is necessary to cultivate sparsely, cut off the branches that are too dense, and cut the sparse parts of the branches vertically, so as to make them have many side branches, concise and ethereal.