Jasmine likes warmth and is afraid of cold. After the first frost, she will move the flowerpot to a sunny place indoors for the winter. The room temperature is controlled between 5 ~ 6℃, the leaves are often washed with warm water and watered once every half month. If the room temperature can't be well guaranteed, you can insert a bamboo arch (cross) at the edge of the flowerpot, and then cover the flowerpot with a plastic film bag. This method is simple and has the best effect. When the temperature rises in March-April next year, we can move out, trim and reshape, and strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, which is conducive to flowering.
2. Watering method: Jasmine is a kind of wet flower. Water frequently in spring, summer and autumn, so as to keep the soil moist and free from stagnant water. In the summer flowering period, water it every day to make it have enough water in the vigorous growth period. Before and after the cold dew, bloom died. From now on, we should control watering, do not water, dry thoroughly, loosen the soil after the first frost, remove weeds, arrange flowerpots and move them indoors.
3. Rational fertilization. Jasmine is a kind of fertilizer-loving flower, and liquid fertilizer should be applied frequently during the growth period. Potted jasmine flowers should be made of dregs after oil extraction such as rotten bean cake, vegetable cake and peanut cake, and dried pig manure, chickens and ducks should be used as base fertilizer. An agricultural proverb says: "Clear orchids, muddy jasmine." This shows that Molly really likes being fat. In the growing season, combined with watering, apply dilute liquid fertilizer every 2 ~ 3 days. Jasmine farmers in Jiangnan apply 2∶ 10 light fertilizer once a day, which is called muddy water to water flowers. After the first flowering, the fertilizer concentration increased to 3∶ 10, 4∶ 10 and 5∶ 10, and was applied once a week. Reduce the amount of fertilization during the third batch of flowers. Don't rush to fertilize the jasmine in the new pot, because it will take some time for the wounds caused by the root cutting before the pot and the operation of the pot to heal and grow. After fertilization, not only can plants not absorb it, but the wound will also be infected with bacteria, which will easily rot the roots and make the new potted flowers fail.
4. Pruning measures: Jasmine belongs to clustered flowers and has strong regeneration ability. The purpose of pruning is mainly to control the growth of the top. Jasmine has developed roots and strong strength. Before the new branches sprout every spring, they should be pruned strictly, and the strong branches should be cut short, generally only 3 ~ 5 cm. Those branches that don't bloom are too dense, too weak, too long, aging and overlapping, so they should be cut off. At the same time, the old leaves are removed, which stimulates the germination of new buds and produces strong branches. Jasmine will not bloom if it is not pruned for more than 4 years. Moreover, it degenerates and shrinks, and its growth is getting worse and worse. At the same time, the basal leaves and some intermediate leaves should be removed at full flowering stage to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. In dog days, if necessary, some clustered tillers at the base should be cut short. If there are no buds on the leaves above 10, the tender shoots should be cut off to prevent overgrowth, promote multi-lateral branches and increase autumn flowers. In autumn, the roots are clustered, long and sharp, which can not only promote the differentiation of flower buds, but also produce more autumn flowers. Protect yourself from freezing in winter.
5. Overwintering, North China will enter the room every year at 5438+1early October (before the cold dew festival) and put it in a sunny room. The Yangtze river basin will enter the room in the middle and late June of 5438+10. The lowest temperature in winter is 12 ~ 14℃, and the highest temperature in daytime is 18 ~ 20℃. When there is no wind at noon on a sunny day, you can slightly open the window and properly ventilate it, otherwise it will cause fallen leaves and rotten roots. In winter, you should water less and keep the basin soil moist and slightly dry. June 5438+ 10 began to stop fertilization, pay attention to the harm of red spiders and scale insects.
6. Pest control: Jasmine pests include white silk disease, brown spot disease, anthracnose, stem rot, jasmine leaf moth, jasmine bud moth, willow moth, frost moth, cinnabar spider mite, scale insect and so on.
(1) The leaves of anthracnose show pale green to yellow spots at first, which expand into a circle and are slightly concave, with gray-brown or gray-white spots in the center and brown edges. Black spots are scattered on the later spots, and the diameter of the spots is 2 ~10 mm. The pathogen overwinters on the diseased leaves and spreads by wind and rain. 75% chlorothalonil can be sprayed 800 times at onset.
(2) The stem near the ground was infected with bacterial blight, the base was brown rot, and the stem and leaf wilted and died. A layer of white spun silk grows on the diseased tissue with radial edges, and a layer of brown rapeseed-like sclerotia grows in the later stage. The pathogen overwinters in the soil with sclerotia or hyphae and spreads through rainwater and cultivation management. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum survives in soil for 5-6 years, and it is easy to get sick because of continuous cropping with high temperature and humidity, poor ventilation and light transmission. 50% mancozeb solution 1000 times solution can be sprayed at the initial stage of the disease, and then 1 times solution can be sprayed after 7 ~ 10 days. Roots can also be irrigated with 70% thiophanate methyl solution 1000 times or 50% carbendazim 1000 times and 82 Trichoderma bran biological agent (Plant Protection Department of Zhejiang University).
(3) Jasmine leaf borer, also known as leaf roller, has a larval length of 16 ~ 25mm and a green and yellow-brown head. Young larvae gather in the lower part of the shrub near the petiole to feed on mesophyll, and often spin webs to cover the worms. After the third instar, they bite the leaves into holes or eat all mesophyll except veins, or eat new leaves and buds. BT emulsion 500 times or 40% omethoate 1200 times can be sprayed.
(4) The adult Tetranychus cinnabarinus is 0.5mm long, ovoid, and its body color is vermilion, rust red, green and brown. Beijing one year 10 generation, Jiangsu one year 16 generation. Fertilized female adult mites overwinter in the gaps between bark and soil around plants or under litter, and they form webs on the back of leaves, which is harmful to high temperature and drought. Temperature 30℃, 7 days, 1 generation. In early spring, 50 ~ 100 times of crystalline sulfur mixture can be sprayed, and in critical period, 3,000 times of 5% Nisolone emulsion, 2,500 times of 50% bromopropyl ester emulsifiable concentrate or 2,000 times of 15% clear emulsifiable concentrate can be sprayed, and the effect is good.