Zhengzhou is the political, economic and cultural center of Henan Province. The existing urban population is 6.5438+200,000. Zhengzhou has a green coverage rate of 35.5% and is known as "Central Plains Greentown". Zhengzhou has a mild climate and four distinct seasons. The annual average temperature is 14. 3℃。 July is the hottest, with an average monthly temperature of 27. 3℃。 1 month is the coldest, and the monthly average temperature is -0.2℃. Spring and autumn are the best seasons for traveling, when the weather is cool and flowers are in full bloom.
Shaolin Temple
Shaolin Temple is famous for Shaolin Boxing to a great extent. Especially after shooting several martial arts films with Shaolin monks and Shaolin martial arts as themes a few years ago, Shaolin Temple became more famous. People come to visit Shaolin Temple in an endless stream. Shaolin Temple is located in the northwest of Dengfeng County, Henan Province12km. Because the temple is located in the dense jungle, it is named.
Shaolin Temple has a long history and was founded in the 19th year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (495). Thirty-two years later, the famous Indian monk Dharma came to Shaolin Temple to give a lecture on Zen. Later, the temple gradually expanded and the number of monks increased, and Shaolin Temple became famous. Dharma is called the ancestral hall of Zen in China, and Shaolin Temple is called the ancestral hall of Zen. The meditation method of meditation is called "wall view", which means sitting quietly facing the wall. Because sitting cross-legged for a long time, it is very easy to get tired, so monks practice martial arts to relieve drowsiness. So Shaolin Boxing was created by Dharma. Shaolin Temple became famous in the early years of the Tang Dynasty. Shaolin Temple monks Huichang, Tanzong, Zhijian, etc. 13 people made great contributions to the crusade against Wang Li. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, later named Tan Zong, a monk, as a general, and specially authorized Shaolin Temple monks to practice monk soldiers, kill and kill, and eat wine and meat. There is a tablet given by Emperor Taizong to the Bishop of Shaolin Temple in Gao, which describes this history. Due to the strong support of North Korea, Shaolin Temple has developed into a famous Buddhist temple at home and abroad, and won the title of "the first temple in the world". By the Song Dynasty, Shaolin Wushu had been greatly improved, and there were more than 2,000 monks in the temple. Shaolin Temple reached its peak in Ming Dynasty and began to decline in Qing Dynasty.
In its heyday, Shaolin Temple entered the hospital seven times, with a large scale. Unfortunately, in 1928, warlords scuffled, and warlords Shi Yousan and Chiyan Temple destroyed the main buildings such as the King of Heaven Hall, Mahayana Hall, Fatang Hall and Bell Tower. Many precious Tibetan scriptures, temple records, boxing scores, etc. Turn to ashes. At present, there are still buildings such as mountain gates, snow pavilions and thousand Buddha halls. Other buildings are being repaired.
There is a bronze statue of Pilu Buddha in the Thousand Buddha Hall, so it is also called Pilu Hall. There are also more than 20 potholes with a diameter of about 4.5 cm on the brick floor of the temple, which are the foot pits left by monks when they practiced boxing and martial arts. The distribution of Fiona Fang's footpoints is not large, but linear, which is a witness of the monks' hard training, and also shows the so-called "bending without bending, straight without straight" characteristics of Shaolin Boxing. There are murals of Shaolin boxing spectrum painted on three walls on the east side of the Thousand Buddha Hall, which are about 20 meters long, vividly showing the scene of Shaolin Temple monks practicing boxing and martial arts.
At the foot of the mountain about 300 meters west of Shaolin Temple, there is a Tallinn, which has been the burial place of the abbot of Shaolin Temple since the Tang Dynasty, with more than 250 seats. This is the largest Tallinn in China. Towers vary in size. There are many carvings and inscriptions in different shapes, which reflect the architectural styles of different times. It is a treasure house for studying ancient brick architecture and carving art in China. There are also many precious cultural relics preserved in Shaolin Temple. The "Shaolin Temple" plaque hanging on the forehead of the mountain gate was written by Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty. There are dozens of stone tablets standing in the corridor behind the mountain gate and the east-west pony road, which is called Shaolin Temple Forest of Steles. Two of the inscriptions were written by Japanese Zen monks studying in China.
To go to Songshan, you can take a bus from Zhengzhou or Luoyang, which takes about 2 hours. Visiting Songshan Mountain generally includes Shaolin Temple, Stargazing Platform and Songyang Academy. If you want to go back and forth on the same day, you can only go to Shaolin Temple and Zhongyue Temple. If you want to visit the scenic spots in Zhongyue, you can arrange a two-day or three-day tour. On the first day, I visited the stargazing platform, Xia cultural relics and exhibition halls, Zhongyue Temple and Dengfeng Gaifeng. Visit Shaolin Temple the next day. On the third day, I climbed the steep mountain.
Second, the Yellow River Scenic Area
The Yellow River Scenic Area is located 30 kilometers northwest of Zhengzhou City. It faces the Yellow River in the north and Yueshan Mountain in the south. There are trees everywhere, pavilions and pavilions set each other off, and the scenery is beautiful and pleasant. Looking north, the Yellow River is endless. Because the Yellow River rushes out of the last canyon here, enters the plain and forms a suspended river, it is very interesting to see the Yellow River here. Looking back to the south, it is the central scenic spot of the tourist area-Wulong Peak Scenic Area. The classical pavilions here are dotted with rolling mountains. At the foot of the mountain surrounded by Wulong Peak, there is a statue called "Feed Feed" sitting in a plum-blossom pool. The statue is a woman with a baby in her arms, with a kind face and noble and elegant style, symbolizing that the Yellow River has nurtured the Chinese nation. Other major scenic spots in the tourist area include Yueshan Temple, Tuofengling, Hanba Two Kings City, Yanhuang Two Emperor Stone Carvings, etc.
No.3 middle school yue temple
Zhongyue Temple is located at the foot of Huanggaifeng, the southern foot of Taishi Mountain, four kilometers east of Dengfeng. Surrounded by mountains, the scenery is beautiful.
Zhongyue Hall, formerly known as Taishi Hall, was built in the Qin Dynasty (22 1-207 BC). In the first year of Yuanfeng, Emperor Wudi of the Western Han Dynasty, the number of officials visiting Song Yue Life Temple increased, and it has been expanded in all previous dynasties. The Tang and Song Dynasties were extremely prosperous. From the late Song Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, there were many revival activities. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Zhongyue Hall was rebuilt on a large scale.
The existing temple system basically retains the scale after the reconstruction in the Qing Dynasty, including eleven entrances to the central axis building, Zhonghua Gate, Medicine Cange, Tianzhong Pavilion, Tianzuo Town Square, Shengmen, Sanmen, Junjimen, Gaosongjunjifang, Zhongyue Hall, Bedroom Hall and Imperial Bookstore. The total length of Zhonghua Gate is 13 Li, and the area is 10 million square meters. It is a large-scale and well-preserved ancient temple complex in Zhongyue.
Existing cultural relics: there are more than 400 ancient buildings such as temples, palaces, buildings, pavilions, squares, pavilions, terraces, corridors and doors, among which the main buildings are mostly in the style of palaces in Qing Dynasty, with 335 ancient cypresses from Han Dynasty to Song Dynasty. There are more than 0/00 inscriptions/kloc, such as Taixuque, Han, Weibei, Tangbei, Song Baling Village, Song Tieren, Song Jin No.4 Scholar Monument, Jinzhong Yuemiao Monument, Jin Ming Iron Lion, Ming Dynasty wuyue Real Monument, etc. In addition to the above-mentioned ancient buildings and stone carvings, there are more than 100 wooden Taoist classics in the temple. In addition, there are more than 1000 pieces of wood carvings, such as Ode, History of Song Yue Temple and Longtan Temple. These historical treasures provide valuable historical materials for studying the history of architecture, art and Taoism in China.
Sihe Henan Museum
Henan Museum is one of the earliest museums in China. Its predecessor was the Henan Provincial Museum. 1927 In July, under the strong advocacy of General Feng Yuxiang, the preparatory committee for "Henan Museum" was established, and the museum site was located in Sanshengmiao Street, Kaifeng City. 1May, 928, renamed as the National Museum. On June 5438+ 10 in the same year, an exhibition of national models was held, which was officially opened to the public. 1 93065438+February1,renamed as "Henan Museum". 193165438+1On October 20th, the Henan Provincial Department of Education promulgated the Regulations on the Establishment of Museums in Henan Province, which clarified the nature and establishment of museums.
1937, the Japanese invaders launched a war of aggression against China, and 5678 major cultural relics were collected and transported to Chongqing. During the Japanese puppet regime, Henan Museum was renamed as "Henan Provincial Museum". 1940 was renamed as "Henan Provincial Museum". 1949 On the eve of Chongqing's liberation, the Kuomintang transported 5 1 19 cultural relics to Taiwan Province Province.
1948, Kaifeng was liberated, and the museum was completely transformed, and some special exhibitions were held. 1953, the Central Ministry of Culture defined this museum as a geography museum. 196 1 year, Henan Provincial Museum moved from Kaifeng to Renmin Road in Zhengzhou with the provincial capital. From 1960s to 1980s, Henan Provincial Museum further enriched the collection of cultural relics through donation, excavation and transfer, held many exhibitions to cooperate with socialist construction, and made remarkable achievements in scientific research, becoming one of the famous museums in China. In the early 1990s, with the continuous development of reform and opening up, with the care and support of leaders at all levels, the state invested 300 million yuan to build a new museum on Zhengzhou Agricultural Road, and renamed it Henan Museum. The new museum was officially opened in May 1998. Since the reform and opening up five years ago, with the leadership of the Party Committee and the efforts of all the staff, our institute has made remarkable achievements in exhibitions, cultural relics collection, scientific research and mass work, and made positive contributions to the construction of socialist spiritual civilization.
Wusongyang academy
Songyang Academy is located at the southern foot of Songshan Mountain, about three kilometers north of Dengfeng County. Surrounded by mountains from east to west, the Xiaoyao Valley stream slowly flows south, and the Song and Yue Temple streams gurgle west. Two clear streams meet in front of Songyang Academy, named Shuangxi River, and then meander southeast into Yingying. To the south of the college is an open fertile field. Standing at the entrance of Songyang Academy, you can look up at the peaks of Song Yue and overlook the panoramic view of Dengfeng City. The environment is beautiful, and it is worthy of being a reading resort. Together with Luoyang Academy in yu zhou (also known as Yingtian Academy), Yuelu Academy in Hunan and Bailudong Academy in Jiangxi, it is called the four major academies in the Song Dynasty.
Songyang Academy was once a place of Buddhism and Taoism in history, and was later monopolized by Confucianism.
Songyang Academy was founded in 484 AD.
From the Five Dynasties to the Song Dynasty, Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, masters of Neo-Confucianism, and Luopai Neo-Confucianism gathered hundreds of college students to give lectures.
Songyang Academy has been supplemented and repaired many times from generation to generation, and its scale has gradually formed and its layout has become increasingly strict. The organizational system of the academy is simple, elegant and generous.
The main cultural relics of Songyang Academy are the "General cypress" in the Western Han Dynasty and the "Datang Monument" in the Tang Dynasty.
According to legend, more than 2,000 years ago, Emperor Liu Che visited Songshan Mountain and went to Songshan Academy at the southern foot of Songshan Mountain. As soon as he entered the door, he saw a strange cypress tree with dense branches and leaves. The emperor looked up for a long time and casually named him "General". When I passed the Second Hospital, I saw a cypress tree bigger than the "General", and Emperor Wu regretted it. But you are the son of heaven, and you can't change your mind. He was appointed as the "second general".
Six Dynasties Imperial Tombs in Northern Song Dynasty
The Imperial Tomb of the Northern Song Dynasty is located in Xicun, Zhitian and Huiguo Town, Xiaoyi Town, gongyi city, in the hilly area on the south bank of Luo Yi at the northern foot of Songshan Mountain. The length of the mausoleum is about15km from north to south and about10km from east to west. Among the nine emperors in the Northern Song Dynasty, except the Hui and Qin emperors, they were all buried here, collectively known as the "Seven Emperors and Eight Mausoleums". There are more than 200 tombs where queens, princes, emperors, princesses and ministers are buried, forming a huge tomb group.
Song Ling is mainly distributed in four regions. There are Yong 'an Mausoleum, Yongchang Mausoleum and Yongxi Mausoleum in Xicun District, and Song Xuanzu and Taizu are buried.
During the reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, there were 10 tombs for the Empress and 140 tombs for the descendants of the imperial clan. Yong 'an Mausoleum is the mausoleum of his father Zhao and his mother Du. There are also He, the Empress Mausoleum of Emperor Taizong and Fu of Emperor Taizong. Yongchang Mausoleum is Mao's mausoleum. Yongxiling Mausoleum is the mausoleum of Emperor Taizong, and there are two Empresses, Emperor Taizong Li and Emperor Zhenzong Guo. There is Yongding Mausoleum in Caizhuang Mausoleum. In the south of Baling Village, there is the tomb of Zhenzong Zhao Heng, and the tombs of Zhenzong Houli, Liu Hou and Yanghou are buried. There are also tombs of Gao Huaide, Cai Jing, Kou Zhun and Bao Zheng. Xiaoyi Mausoleum includes Yong Zhaoling and Yong Houling. Yongzheng Mausoleum is the mausoleum of Injong Zhao Zhen, and Yonghou Mausoleum is the mausoleum of Yingzong Zhao Shu.
Baling has Yongyu Mausoleum and Yongtai Mausoleum. Yongyuling is the tomb of Shinto, with four empresses: Houxiang, Zhu, Chen. Yongtai Mausoleum is a philosopher's mausoleum and was buried with Liu. The buildings in Song Ling are basically the same, all facing south. From south to north, it consists of Quetai, Rutai, Shinto, ritual stone carvings, tombs and underground palaces on both sides. The stone carvings arranged on both sides of Shinto are roughly the same in each mausoleum. A bucket-shaped mausoleum was rammed in the middle of the cemetery, and there was an underground palace to put coffins below. There are Xiaguan outside the North Shenmen Gate, but most of them are gone. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, nomads from the Jin Dynasty invaded south, and buildings in Song Ling were destroyed and tombs were stolen. Now there are only more than 340 cemetery relics and stone carvings left. Except for the four-piece Yong 'an Mausoleum, the stone carvings in Zhu Ling are well preserved.
727 square
Erqi Square-the most prosperous business district in Zhengzhou and the largest and most representative business district in Henan Province. Located in the center of Zhengzhou, the square is surrounded by Hualian Department Store, Shopping Center, Department Store, Asian Shopping Center, International Friendship Plaza, Zheng Hong Famous Shop, Jinboda Shopping Center, Dennis Shopping Center, Book Shopping Center and hundreds of small and medium-sized shops and restaurants, which is a must-see for foreign tourists. Erqi Memorial Tower is located in the center of Erqi Square, which was built to commemorate the workers' strike of Han Jing Railway/KLOC-0 on February 7, 1923. It is a reinforced concrete structure, with a height of 63m and a floor of * * * 1.4, in which there are 3 floors in the tower foundation and 1 1 floor in the tower body. The top corner of each floor is an antique cornice and covered with green glazed tiles. There is a bell tower at the top of the tower, with six big clocks, 2.7 meters in diameter, and the music of Dongfanghong is played on the hour. The bell is melodious and melodious, stretching for several kilometers. The plane of the tower is two pentagons connected with the east and the west, which is a single tower from the east and a double tower from the north and south. On one side of the tower is a spiral staircase, and on the other side is an exhibition room. Visitors can climb to the top of the tower Overlooking the city at night, all kinds of colored lights shine from the inside out, making the Twin Towers more colorful.
The Erqi Memorial Tower is now called Erqi Memorial Hall. There are 10 tower hall and 1 basement hall in the museum, which mainly show the historical causes, process and results of the strike of Beijing-Han railway workers. The exhibits include objects, pictures and written materials. Various art exhibitions and revolutionary education exhibitions are also held in the museum. Zhengzhou is a famous "Erqi" city, and the Erqi Memorial Tower is one of the landmark buildings in this city.
83 Huang Zhai
Sanhuangzhai is located in the southwest of Dengfeng City 15km southwest of Shaoshi Mountain. Sanhuangzhai has dense forests and a wide range of categories; Complete geological types, ancient rock age, peculiar shape, complete development and good exposure. In a small scale, we can see a variety of landforms in Archaean, Proterozoic, Paleozoic, Mesoproterozoic and Cenozoic geological ages, which are called "natural geological museum" by geological circles. The natural landscape is magnificent, with more than 40 places such as sunny snow, sunset, monkey watching the sky and clouds and tigers roaring. There are three palaces, such as Anyang Palace, Wei Qing Palace, Liang Qing Temple, Huang Yu Temple, Quemen Temple in Shao Shi, Lianhua Temple and other 486-level heroic slope stone steps, the "Liantian Cable Bridge" more than 50 meters long and the "Huang San Plank Road" more than 500 meters long.
Jiuhuan Cui Yu
Miao Zi Township, located in the southwest of Xingyang City, with an area of 30 square kilometers, is a mountain scenic spot with natural scenery as the main body and ancient castles as the characteristics. The terrain around Cui Yu is a crescent-shaped closed canyon, surrounded by green mountains and mountains. The stone tablet of "Huancui Mountain Villa" inscribed by the famous philosopher Mr. Feng Youlan stands in the canyon. There are more than 138 historical sites and natural landscapes, among which Wei Great Wall, ancient castle, Wolong Yunhuashi and Luohejian Grand Canyon are the most famous.
The view waterfall Shuanglongxia Grand Canyon is the most charming scenery around Cui Yu Scenic Area: it is about 3 kilometers long, with toad pool, wild boar pool, rose pool and pool pool corresponding; Thin Beauty Waterfall, Triple Waterfall, Shuanglong Waterfall, various postures. Walking into the Grand Canyon, the sun is shining, waterfalls and springs are flowing, the sound of water is gurgling and birds are chirping. The gurgling brook is like a shadow, and all kinds of wild flowers are delicious. When you come here, everyone will indulge in the slow and urgent mountain spring water. There is no water in the mountains, and water has no stone and no rhyme. Landscape stones are perfectly combined here to become a poetic landscape painting.
Tanlong Palace is located 65,438+000 meters underground. Longxi Palace in midsummer is as cold as autumn. The cave is colorful, covered with jade walls and waterfalls, just like a group of immortals, with wonderful workmanship, ice bamboo shoots and silver pillars at the bottom of the cave, brilliant blue waves and crystal world. The cave is sometimes open, sometimes narrow, sometimes at the end of the mountain, sometimes suddenly enlightened, and the future is bright. The coral jade wall in the cave is as white as snow, two stone curtains are upside down, stalagmites are pulled away from the glacier, and the pagoda stands in Yuxi Pearl, shielding the Qiongyao Xiange and the Milky Way. The main attractions are Dragon Palace in the East China Sea, Baota Waterfall, Dragon King's Party, the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon, Taibai chanting, Xianqiao Tower and so on.
The hometown of the tenth yellow emperor
Xinzheng, Henan Province was a country with bears in ancient times. When the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan came to Xuanyuan Mountain, there were bears. The Yellow Emperor unified the world, laid the foundation for China, created civilization, loved things and loved the people, and was honored as the ancestor of Chinese humanities by later generations. Zhuangzi said, "The highest in the world is the Yellow Emperor". Today's hometown of the Yellow Emperor is a holy place for Chinese people at home and abroad to seek roots and worship their ancestors.
Huangdi's hometown scenic spot is located in Xuanyuan Road, xinzheng city, covering an area of 80 mu. The temple of Huangdi's hometown was built in the Han Dynasty, which was destroyed and repaired in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the fifty-fourth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (175 1), Xinzheng County ordered Xu to erect a monument for Xuanyuan's hometown. In recent years, the People's Government of xinzheng city has expanded the scenic spot of Huangdi's hometown in order to carry forward the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation and remember the merits of our ancestors.
After the expansion, the scenic spot of Huangdi's hometown is divided into six areas: square area, hometown front area, hometown shrine area, Dingtan area, Yiyuan area, Xuanyuanqiu area and shrine front square: Millennium jujube tree, Chinese Huaiyin, centennial ginkgo, pine and cypress ginseng, "Gankun relief plate" stands in the middle road, and the Jishui River under Xuanyuan Bridge crosses the river, which is the "Xuanyuan Huangdi Monument". There are main entrance, main hall and affiliated hall in the ancestral hall. There is a statue of Xuanyuan Huangdi in the center of the main hall, and there are two subsidiary halls with the statues of Huangdi Princess Lei Zu and Second Princess Mo Mu. Behind the shrine is the Baoding altar of the Yellow Emperor, with a tree holding a sacred position. The Yellow Emperor Baoding is placed in the Palace, with a height of 6.99 meters, a diameter of 4.7 meters and a weight of 24 tons. The other eight Ding are Ai Dingding, Shou Dingding, Cai Dingding, Shi Dingding, An Dingding, Ding Feng Ding, Zhi Ding Ding and Si Bingding, which are placed in the position of gossip. Five thousand years of historical memorabilia are engraved on the bluestone aisle in front of Dingqian; There are 56 national totem jade pillars on both sides; There is a couplet gallery around the Dingtan, and there are couplets that contemporary celebrities sing about the merits and demerits of the Yellow Emperor. There is the Huangdi Culture and Art Park on the west side of the Dingtan, which is a collection of colorful Huangdi culture and art, and the former site of Xuanyuan Mountain is on the north side of the Dingtan. On the high hill, Xuanyuan Palace, a crypt-covered building, was built, which showed the elegance of the Yellow Emperor by illusory means.
The hometown of the Yellow Emperor/KLOC-0 was named as the patriotic education base in Zhengzhou at the end of 1996, "Top Ten Tourist Attractions in Zhengzhou" in June 2000, and "AAA Scenic Spot" by the National Tourism Administration in 200/KLOC-0. The patriotic education activities with the theme of seeking roots and offering sacrifices to ancestors carried out in scenic spots for many years have made great contributions to carrying forward Chinese national culture and rallying Chinese people at home and abroad.