Excuse me, what plant is this?

Editor Yan Zizhang

Swallow's paw, much like Yushu, but not Yushu. Dense foliage, evergreen seasons, grotesque leaves and solemn plants. Suitable for potted plants, can be placed on the balcony, can also be decorated on the indoor table, very delicate and elegant. The crown is tall and beautiful, with green stems and leaves and white flowers at the top, which is very elegant and unique. According to the latest research report, Yan Zhao extract can effectively treat diabetes.

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Latin scientific name

Oblique crassus

Another name

Sedum, Babel, Kan Qing and Ilex are evergreen.

Binomial nomenclature/system

holiday cactus

boundary

plant kingdom

door

Vascular endothelial cell

summary

Magnolia

eye

Saxifraga

The branch of academic or vocational research.

Sedum plants

belong to

Cyanosaurus

grow

Yanzizhang

Distribution area

Southern Africa

catalogue

Morphological characteristics of 1

2 growth habits

3 geographical distribution

4 cultivation techniques

breeding method

Cultivation method

Management method

Flowering measures

control of insect

Overwintering protection

5 ecology

6 toxic misinformation

1 morphological feature editing

Evergreen shrub. Plant height 1-3 meters, fleshy and branched stems. The leaves are fleshy, ovoid, 3-5 cm long and 2.5-3 cm wide, grayish green with red edges. Flowers 2 mm in diameter, white or pale pink.

Swallow palm (5 pieces)

[1] Perennial evergreen succulent plant with succulent leaves, green stems and leaves and white flowers at the top, which is very elegant. [ 1]

2 growth habit editor

I like a warm, dry and sunny environment. Not cold-resistant, afraid of strong light, slightly resistant to shade. Sandy loam with fertile soil and good drainage is better. The temperature is not lower than 7℃ in winter.

3 geographical distribution editing

Distributed in southern Africa.

4 cultivation technology editor

breeding method

Common cutting propagation. Cutting propagation can be carried out all year round, but it is suitable in spring and autumn, with fast rooting and high survival rate. Generally speaking, from the perspective of growth potential,

Outdoor culture of phoenix tail palm

Select the lateral branches with leaves from the plants with good lateral branches, the cutting length is 8 ~ 12 cm, put them in a cool and ventilated place to dry for 1 ~ 2 days, make the incision slightly dry, and then insert them into the breeding sand bed; You can also pick the main stem and leaf, and the incision is slightly dry; Insert into the sand bed, maintain 20 ~ 25℃ and appropriate humidity, and take root in about half a month. [ 1]

Water-inserted propagation of Yushu takes root quickly, with many roots and high survival rate. The specific practices are briefly introduced as follows:

Cutting selection: from April to September, the branches of Yushu with good quality, strong growth and no disease will be cut off; Length of each section 10- 15cm.

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For rice, leave 3-4 pairs of leaves at the top, remove two pairs of leaves at the bottom, and rinse the juice from the cut mouth.

Cutting substrate and container: take a clean and sterile water bottle or cup, put clean water on it, and then put foam or thick paper on it. It is best to choose a cup that is opaque to meet the needs of rapid root growth in the dark.

Cutting: after the cutting is fixed with foam or thick paper, put it in a cup, and the water depth should be immersed in the ear 1/2- 1/3. Put it in a ventilated and cool place, and keep the temperature at 25? Above C.

Post-cutting management: after cutting, change the water every 2-3 days, and you can take root in about 7 days. The rooting rate is almost 100%, which is about a week earlier than soil cutting. Potted plants should be planted in the morning after rooting, otherwise the roots will be easily broken, and they should be placed in the shade for 5-7 days after planting.

Cultivation method

Potted anchovies should be mixed with 2/3 humus soil and 1/3 garden soil, and a small amount of river sand should be added as culture soil, and a little long-acting fertilizer such as hoof pieces can be put at the bottom of the basin as base fertilizer. In order to facilitate drainage, the bottom of the basin should be padded with some gravel or tiles. From spring to autumn, you can water 1 ~ 2 days.

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one

Second, avoid water in the basin. Summer is hot and hot, with the temperature above 30℃; Plants are in dormancy and semi-dormancy, so water should be controlled. At the same time, we should also do a good job of shading and cooling, and spray water on the ground around the basin every day.

2 ~ 3 times, and pay attention to ventilation. In winter, the watering frequency should be reduced appropriately to keep the basin soil slightly dry. Extensive cultivation management, generally no fertilization. If the growth is too weak, you can add some liquid fertilizer containing potassium or add thin decomposed cake fertilizer water once a month during the growing season. The optimum growth temperature of Papilio Papilio is 15 ~ 25℃, the overwintering temperature should be kept above 7℃, and it is vulnerable to freezing injury below 5℃. [2] Summer is hot and sunny, which is not good for plant growth. In winter, move the flowerpot to the sunny place in the shed to keep its leaves green. Generally, change the basin once every 1 ~ 2 years, with loose and fertile soil and good drainage. [3]

During the growth period, the branches that are too long and too dense are moderately pruned to keep the plant posture symmetrical and the tree is strong; Turn the pot once every half month to avoid the deviation of branches and leaves and affect the appearance. If the light is insufficient, more attention should be paid to prevent the roots from rotting and defoliating due to damp heat. [4-5]

Management method

I like dry air environment, rainy days last too long, and I am easily infected by germs. Afraid of rain, keep the leaves dry at night. The optimum air relative humidity is 40 ~ 60%.

Temperature management

The optimum growth temperature is 15℃ ~ 32℃, and it will enter a dormant state when the temperature is above 33℃ in hot summer.

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Avoid cold cream. The overwintering temperature should be kept above 65438 00℃. In winter, when the temperature drops below 7℃, it will go into hibernation. If the ambient temperature is close to 4℃, it will freeze to death.

Summer:

1, strengthen air convection and let the temperature in the body radiate;

2. Put it in a semi-shady place, or shade it by 50%;

3, give it a proper spray, 2 ~ 3 times a day.

Winter:

1, move to a bright indoor place for maintenance;

2, outdoors, you can wrap it in a film for wintering, but every two days when the temperature is high at noon, you should uncover it and let it breathe;

Lighting management

In summer, leaves will be more beautiful if they are maintained or shaded by 50% in a semi-shady place. Because the temperature is not very high in spring and autumn, it should be given direct sunlight to help it accumulate nutrients through photosynthesis. In winter, it should be maintained in a bright place indoors. Usually put indoors for maintenance, it should be placed near the southeast doors and windows to receive light. Every other month or one and a half months, it should be moved outdoors for maintenance for two months, otherwise the leaves will grow thin and yellow, and the new branches or petioles will be slender and in a state of collapse.

Fertilizer and water management

It has strong drought tolerance and can grow under dry environmental conditions, but this does not mean that it is not watered or fertilized; Its roots are afraid of water stains. If there is water in the flowerpot, or watering and fertilizing too frequently, it is easy to cause root rot. The principle of fertilizing and watering it is "wet and dry, dry thoroughly, no watering, and drenching thoroughly", and the plants should be avoided from getting wet when fertilizing and watering:

Spring and autumn: these two seasons are the peak seasons for its growth, and the fertilizer and water management cycles in the order of "Huabao"-clear water-"Huabao"-clear water. The interval of outdoor maintenance is about 2-4 days, which is shorter in sunny days or high temperatures and longer in rainy days or low temperatures. Keep indoors for 3 ~ 6 days.

Summer: During the high temperature period in summer, it often enters a dormant state, requiring less fertilizer and water, and even controlling fertilizer and water. Fertilizer and water management shall be circulated in the order of "Huabao"-clean water-clean water-"Huabao"-clean water-clean water, with the interval of outdoor maintenance for about 3-5 days and indoor maintenance for about 4-7 days. The watering time should be arranged in the morning or evening when the temperature is low. Spray plants often, too.

Winter: winter dormancy period, mainly to control fertilizer and water, and the watering time should be arranged as far as possible when the temperature is high at noon on sunny days.

Flowering measures

1. It likes light, so it should be placed in a warm and sunny environment all year round, which is the key to flowering.

2. Swallow claw is a succulent and pulpy plant, which is very drought-tolerant. It is not advisable to water too much at ordinary times. Look dry and wet before watering.

3. In the hot summer, beware of the heavy rain after exposure, leading to falling leaves.

4. In the growing season, apply the cooked dilute liquid fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium every 7- 10 days, and avoid being too thick. To do the above, by the middle and late period of 1 1, buds will appear at the tip of the tree, and1-March will be full of flowers.

control of insect

The main diseases are carbon spot and leaf spot, and 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 1000 times can be sprayed. The indoor ventilation is poor, and the stems and leaves are vulnerable to scale insects. Use 40% omethoate emulsion 1000 times solution for spray killing.

1. Improve the soil. Applying decomposed farmyard manure into cohesive soil can improve soil structure and enhance permeability. Acid soil is combined with soil preparation, and lime powder is sprinkled to adjust the pH value to be slightly alkaline. According to different soil acidity, 500- 1000 kg can be sown per mu;

2. At the initial stage of control, the roots were irrigated with 4000-fold solution of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder, 400-500-fold solution of 77% kocide wettable powder, 400-fold solution of 50%DT wettable powder and 500-fold solution of 25% copper chloride aqueous solution, and each plant was irrigated with 0.3-0.5 liter of liquid medicine every 8- 10 days. [6]

Overwintering protection

Move the basin into the room in time. After winter, Yushu will move to an indoor thermal insulation room that can maintain 7℃ to 10℃. When the weather is warm, Yushu can move to the balcony to bask in the sun at noon and move indoors at night.

Control the dry humidity of basin soil. In winter, the basin soil is slightly dry, and the leaves are sprayed with fine fog to replenish water in time. Generally speaking, no.

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Pot soil needs direct watering.

Move into the greenhouse to keep warm. If conditions permit, the pot can be moved into the greenhouse; If conditions do not allow, it can also be covered with plastic film. But pay attention to the humidity in the range hood. When the water humidity is too high, the hood should be opened in time to prevent rotten leaves.

If Yushu has suffered from freezing injury due to mistakes in early anti-freezing measures, don't throw away plants easily; As long as the frozen leaves and twigs are removed, the intact main stem is kept, and proper fertilization is applied next spring, new branches and leaves can still grow on the main stem. After 1 ~ 2 years of cultivation, the perfect Yushu can be developed.

New, stable and strong old plants can produce fragrant pink flowers in winter and spring. There is also a kind of phoenix tail palm, also known as Sedum purslane. Its branches are purple-brown, simple and moist, plants are swaying and leaves are beautiful, which is suitable for expressing the style of ancient bonsai. [4]

Change pots and add rich soil every spring; Swallow's paw grows fast. In order to keep the plant plump, it is not advisable to have too much fertilizer and water. Water 2-3 times a week during the growing period, which is damp and hot.

Strictly control watering from July to August; In midsummer, poor ventilation or excessive water shortage can also cause yellow leaves to fall off, so it should be maintained in a semi-shady place. After autumn, watering gradually decreases. When cultivating outdoors, avoid heavy rain, otherwise the roots will accumulate water.

Too much, easy to cause root rot and death. When changing pots every year or putting houses in autumn, attention should be paid to shaping and pruning to make the plant shape more elegant.

5 ecological editing

Swallow's claws reduce water loss in a special way without limiting their photosynthesis.

It is called Sedum acid metabolism or cam cycle. As we all know, all plants need CO2 (carbon dioxide) for photosynthesis. Most plants will open stomata (stomata) on their leaves during the day to absorb CO2, and these open stomata will inevitably lose some water. The stomata of Swallow's paw are closed during the day and opened in the form of organic Sedum acid at night, which absorbs CO2 and stores it in the body, while expelling oxygen. During the day, CO2 is released by acid decomposition to meet the needs of photosynthesis. In this way, they can not only ensure less water loss, but also maintain normal photosynthesis [7].

In addition, in extreme drought, the stomata will not open even at night, and CO2 and O2 (oxygen) stored in cells will be recycled. Although it can't guarantee the healthy growth of all cells, it can prevent the whole plant from dying due to drought-this way is called CAM idling cycle. [7]

Flowers are pollinated by bees, wasps, flies, beetles, butterflies and other insects.

Dust-like seeds are spread by the wind. Turtles love to eat swallowtail leaves, but rarely swallow them completely. Generally speaking, any discarded leaves will take root and sprout and grow into new plants. [8]

6 toxic misinformation editor

Some people say that the juice of swallow's paw is poisonous, and children eat it by mistake, otherwise it will cause redness, swelling, pain and blistering of the skin, and it will lead to blindness if it is accidentally splashed into the eyes. This statement is misinformation. I checked a lot of foreign materials and found no toxic accounts.

Swallow claw is also called evergreen meat. Maybe someone confused it with evergreen tree. Because evergreen contains toxic enzymes, the juice of its stems and leaves is strongly irritating to the skin. If the baby bites by mistake, it will cause throat edema, even vocal cord paralysis and aphonia. So the toxicity of swallow's paw was misinformed.

In Africa, some tribes and San people use swallow claws as food. They ground and cooked the roots and trunks of swallow claws and made them into paste food to drink.

Leaves can also be used for medicine. When boiling milk, some phoenix tail leaves can be added to treat diarrhea after drinking, and phoenix tail leaves can also be used to treat epilepsy and corns. [9]

Khoikhoi and other African tribes eat tree roots, grind them and cook them, and then eat them with thick milk.

Leaves are also used medicinally and boiled in milk.

As a remedy for diarrhea, and for the treatment of epilepsy, corns and as.

A laxative.

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reference data

1. Swallow the palm. China Garden Network [reference date 20 13-08-23].

2. Xue Baiyun. Lazy Flowers-Swallow's Palm [J] China Flower Bonsai .2007,7

3. Wang Fudong, Wang Tao, Wang Hanqing, Domestication and Cultivation of Anthurium andraeanum [J] China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2007,4.

4. Cultivation and management techniques of swallowtail. The first is Hua Mu. Com [reference date: 20 13-03- 12].

5. Cultivation and maintenance methods of swallowtail. Encyclopedia of Flowers. 2065 438+04-07-9[ citation date 20 14-07-9].

6. Swallow claw-talk about cultivation and maintenance. Seedling trading network [reference date 20 12-09-24].

7. Court, Doreen, South African succulent plant

8. Leistner,

O.A. (editor. ) seed plants in southern Africa; Families and genera,

Serpentine 10. Pretoria National Institute of Botany

9.Palmer, E. and Pitman, N. 1972 Trees in South Africa. Balkema, Cape Town

Entry label:

Botany Natural Ornamental Plants Microorganism, Biology, Chinese Herbal Medicine, Potted Plants

Swallow palm atlas

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