The six-finger gene map shows that normal people have five fingers, but many people have six fingers all their lives, and many people don't understand how six fingers come from. In fact, the six fingers have genetic laws. Let's learn the genetic map of six fingers.

Six-finger genetic map 1 six-finger is a sex chromosome dominant genetic disease with high genetic probability. The gene is located on the X chromosome. If the patient is a male, the incidence of the offspring born with a normal woman is 50% (the boy is normal and the girl is a six-fingered patient). If the patient is female, his offspring born with normal men may be 100% or 50% hereditary. At present, the plastic surgery technology is relatively developed. Six fingers can be removed through surgery, and the function will not be affected after surgery, and it can basically return to normal.

Inheritance (English name), also known as heredity or biological inheritance, refers to the phenomenon that genes with corresponding traits are passed on to offspring through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, so that offspring can obtain parental genetic information.

Through heredity, differences between individuals can be accumulated, and species can evolve through natural selection.

The study of genetic science in biology is called genetics.

Molecular mechanism of heredity

Parental characteristics are transmitted from one generation to the next through DNA, a molecule that encodes genetic information. DNA contains four interchangeable bases, and the base sequence on a specific DNA molecule determines the genetic information. Before cells divide by mitosis, DNA is copied, so each daughter cell contains the DNA sequence of the parent cell.

Some sequences with functional units in DNA molecules are called genes, and different genes have different base sequences. In cells, long-chain DNA forms a concentrated structure called chromosome. Organisms inherit genetic material from their parents in the form of homologous chromosomes, which contain a unique combination of DNA sequences encoding genes.

The specific position of DNA sequence on chromosome is called gene locus. If the DNA sequence of a specific locus is different among individuals, then the different forms of this sequence are called alleles. Mutation can change DNA sequence and produce new alleles. If the gene mutates, the new allele may affect the characteristics of gene control, thus changing the phenotype of the organism.

Although this simple correspondence between alleles and traits works in some cases, most traits of organisms are more complex, and they are controlled by multiple interacting genes within and between organisms. Developmental biologists believe that the complex interaction and communication between cells in genetic network may lead to genetic variation, which may be the basis of plasticity and orientation of biological development.

Six-finger genetic map 2 refers to accidental finger overgrowth of normal fingers, or toe overgrowth and simple foot soft tissue overgrowth, which is the most common type of congenital malformation of hands and upper limbs, accounting for about 39.9% of congenital upper limbs, and its main incidence rate is about 0.65438 0%. Its main clinical manifestation is that the fingers are flat and wide, and only the phalanges or metacarpals are redundant, which requires X-ray diagnosis.

The reason for six fingers:

First, the impact of pregnancy

The main cause of polydactyly is the influence of environmental factors during pregnancy on embryo development, such as some drugs or virus infection of pregnant women, trauma, stimulation of radioactive substances and so on.

In addition, smoking during pregnancy, exposure to agricultural chemicals during pregnancy and occupational exposure to harmful substances before pregnancy will increase the risk of fetal polydactyly. Engaged in chemical industry before pregnancy is the main risk factor of fetal polydactyly.

The young age of pregnant women is also a risk factor for fetal polydactyly. Secondly, gestational diabetes will also increase the risk of fetal polydactyly. Improving pregnant women's diet has certain effect on preventing polydactyly.

2. Abnormal development of ectodermal crest

The damage of limb bud embryo base in the early stage of differentiation is the main cause of polydactyly. Specifically, it is caused by abnormal development of ectodermal crest, thumb extending to the proximal position and slow retraction.

Third, genetic factors.

Polydactyly is partly due to genetic factors. About two-thirds of polydactyly has a family history of hereditary diseases and atavism. Polydactyly is the most common autosomal dominant inheritance, the most common congenital hand-foot abnormality and one of many diseases of congenital malformation. Many times it is also related to a single gene mutation, and different gene mutations can cause polydactyly.

Some cases are genetic factors and have atavism. The disease is autosomal dominant inheritance, and the incidence rate of male is higher than that of female. Polydactyly has a high genetic probability, and the probability of being inherited is 50%. Polydactyly has no effect on intelligence and other aspects.

Genes of six fingers Figure 3 What should the baby do with six fingers?

The baby has six fingers, belonging to polydactyly. Generally, about one year old is the best time to remove them. This is a minor operation, and generally it won't have other effects on the body. This operation is recommended to be performed at the best age, and try not to delay the opportunity, so as not to affect the psychology of the child.

With the growth of age, fingers will grow up, so it may not be ideal for finger deformities to have surgery to completely correct them. It is suggested that you can take it to the hospital for examination before surgical resection, pay attention to postoperative care, have a light diet, and pay attention to let the baby rest well.

How to nurse the baby after finger deformities's operation?

1, try to fix the baby's arm after operation to avoid excessive contact with the surgical site and cause bleeding.

2. Observe the child's body temperature frequently two days after operation, pay attention to the changes of body temperature, and handle it in time if there is fever.

3. avoid eating irritating food. Seafood, fish and shrimp, etc. You should try to eat less or not. These foods may not be conducive to wound recovery.

4, during the postoperative period, need to take medicine on time, avoid interval. And drink plenty of water, which is conducive to drug absorption and play a role.

The baby's six-finger hand deformity is not big enough to be treated, so parents don't have to worry too much. This disease can be treated by routine minor surgery. And the treatment effect is generally good. It is very important to operate on the baby at the best stage. Parents should remember.