As all pot friends who have raised Jiabao fruit bonsai know, Jiabao fruit, as an exotic variety originating in South America, Brazil, Argentina and other countries, has been introduced and planted in southern China, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai, but it has certain requirements for climate, temperature and other environmental conditions. I like warm and humid places with moderate precipitation at 23-35℃, and I can accept full sunlight or a little shade. It is not only resistant to low temperature (-4℃) and short-term drought, but also has less pests and diseases and strong adaptability to the environment and soil. The only drawback is that it is not tolerant to waterlogging and salinity. If you choose this soil, it is best to choose loose (humus-containing), fertile and slightly acidic sandy loam with good drainage.
Although the bonsai of Jiabao fruit mentioned above grows slowly, we can promote the germination and accelerated growth of branches by giving suitable growth environment and intensive pruning, and at the same time, we can also shape beautiful tree posture, improve the flowering and fruit-setting rate and promote the upward growth of the whole tree. So today, let's discuss how to prune the Jiabao bonsai, what matters should be paid attention to in the pruning process, and how to manage it after pruning, so as to ensure how to quickly cultivate a Jiabao bonsai that can enjoy flowers, leaves and food. I hope it will help everyone.
First, the pruning and shaping skills of Jiabao fruit bonsai: First, we can confirm that Jiabao fruit seedlings or piles that we usually use to make bonsai are dwarf varieties, and then, considering their slow growth, we don't need much intervention in the early pruning, just need to cut off the redundant branches (which affect the beauty and are low inside) in the later stage, and then wait for them to grow to a certain height (after the lower part and main branches become thicker). Generally divided into the following four steps:
1, pruning season and time: No matter what kind of bonsai, we must first choose a reasonable season and time. Considering that the fruits of Jiabao fruit grow on trees, in principle, we should wait until all the fruits on the trees are picked (remember not to prune the branches with too many fruits). Of course, we can also choose to prune when there is no fruit. When there is no fruit on the tree, we usually choose sunny weather in spring and autumn and cloudy weather in the afternoon after the fruit is ripe.
2. Determination of pruning mode: Considering that Jiabao bonsai is generally dwarfed by piles and seedlings, we don't do too much intervention in pruning this piece in the early stage, but we can determine the idea and setting direction before pruning. Generally speaking, there are two kinds, one is exposed and the other is natural. Natural type is similar to potted plants. Although it is not too intrusive, it has clear priorities and is elegant and natural. Here, the exposed root type and the lifted root type are different. Only about one third of the root system is exposed, and the upper part is umbrella-shaped.
3. Selection of pruning methods: The pruning methods of Jiabao fruit potted plants in different periods are still different. There are two main types, one is pruning in spring bud and the other is pruning in autumn sleep.
(1). Pruning in spring bud stage: Pruning in spring is mainly to remove the terminal buds and then cut off some vigorous and redundant branches. For the new branches growing at the top, in order to prevent their sudden growth and promote the germination of side branches, they must be cut off. There are also new branches that are too dense, as well as long branches and overlapping branches that affect the growth of main branches, which should be cut off in time. One is to ensure the ventilation and good posture of the whole plant, and the other is to reduce the loss of nutrient transformation caused by excessive growth.
(2) Autumn dormancy pruning: Autumn dormancy pruning, some flower lovers may think that dormancy is generally not in winter, and the so-called autumn dormancy here refers to pruning before winter dormancy comes. Because Jiabao fruit bonsai is not suitable for pruning in winter, first, the wound heals slowly, and second, it is easy to get frostbite or freeze to death. Pruning in autumn sleep is a little easier than pruning in spring. It is mainly to cut off branches (lateral branches) and some old dead branches, parallel branches and endogenous branches, but the outer buds of the main branches must be preserved when pruning. The advantages of doing this are to ensure the rapid germination of new branches in the coming year, and to ensure the overall tree shape and posture to prepare for the upcoming dormancy period.
(3) Binding modeling: Generally, the buds are pruned in spring. At this time, bamboo poles with a thickness of 3-5 cm and a length of 30-40 cm can be used, together with thin ropes and aluminum wires. First of all, we use aluminum wire to correct the bending of the main branch according to the shape we thought before, and then use bamboo poles and strings to support and fix it outside the branch to ensure that it will not deviate from the growth direction and maintain a beautiful shape in the later growth process.
2. Matters needing attention in the process of pruning and binding Jiabao fruit bonsai: 1. If Jiabao fruit seedlings are used as bonsai cultivation objects, it usually takes more than 5 years to bear fruit, and if it is grafted, it usually takes 3 years. Before pruning, it is necessary to distinguish whether the cultivated object of pruning is seedlings or grafts, and then determine the pruning intensity. In the first three years, the seedling should not be pruned too much until it grows thick. If grafted, it can be pruned normally.
2, in the process of pruning, in addition to pay attention to the change of seasonal time, but also to the main temperature difference in time to do a good job of cold protection measures to ensure that the pruning temperature is controlled between 20-25℃. If the temperature difference between day and night changes too much, you can wrap a layer of film in the tree body or incision to play a certain thermal insulation effect.
3. In the process of pruning, especially in autumn, if the cross section is too large due to careless pruning, it is necessary to disinfect the cross section in time or apply wound healing agent for treatment, otherwise it is easy to infect or leave germs.
4. After pruning, we will try to put the Jiabao bonsai in a semi-shady, astigmatism and ventilated place for slow seedling maintenance. In addition, in case of continuous rainy days or extreme weather, pruning should be suspended. If it has been trimmed before, take protective measures from three aspects: ventilation, heat preservation and lighting.
Third, the maintenance and management of Jiabao bonsai after pruning: 1. After pruning, the seedling stage is usually about two weeks. After the seedling stage, we can move the Jiabao bonsai to an environment with sufficient light and good ventilation for normal maintenance.
2. Although Jiabao fruit bonsai is fond of fertilizer, it should not be fertilized in the slow seedling stage after pruning. Generally, the usual maintenance and fertilization, especially before the formation of flower buds, are mainly organic fertilizer and base fertilizer. In the later stage, according to the growth potential, an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer should be applied once every 15 days, and the dosage should not be too much each time. It can be applied according to the principle of applying thin fertilizer frequently and applying thick fertilizer lightly.
3. When watering this piece, considering that Jiabao fruit bonsai is not resistant to water and humidity, if it is watered at ordinary times, it is enough to water it on the principle of seeing dry and seeing wet. If the air is too dry, it is necessary to spray water mist around or on the ground to moisturize it in time, and mainly spray foliar water when the temperature is too high in summer. Try to move the basin to a dry place in rainy season to avoid water accumulation and root rot in the basin.
4. In the field of pest control, although there are few pests and diseases in Jiabao bonsai, as a fruit tree, we can bag it to prevent the invasion of birds or pests. Before bagging, some pesticides with high efficiency, low toxicity and no residue can be sprayed, such as diflubenzuron and lufenuron, which can effectively prevent such problems.
Summary: Compared with other bonsai, Jiabao bonsai is a little troublesome to prune in the early stage and maintain in the later stage. However, we only need to choose the appropriate temperature, weather and time before pruning, do not cut indiscriminately, and then choose the corresponding pruning intensity for different trees when pruning. In addition, the cuttings after pruning should be disinfected, sterilized and kept warm in time, and no fertilizer should be applied during seedling delay. Only by doing the above, can we cultivate a pleasing Jiabao fruit bonsai.
The above are some suggestions and opinions of my Greentown landscape engineer, hoping to help everyone. If you have different opinions or other questions about potted flower conservation management, you can leave a message in the comment area and discuss it together. Feel useful, like, and pay attention to me to get more knowledge about potted flower conservation.