Young trees are mainly cultivated in tree form, and the pruning amount is light, generally not short, and only some branches are supported, pulled and bent. Keep the main branches, cut off the redundant branches, keep 3 ~ 5 main branches at the base, and cut off the rest from the base.
Cutting at a height of 50-70 cm from the air in the second year after planting, removing 30-50 cm branches at the base of the trunk before budding in the second year, and keeping 5-7 main branches on average. Pay attention to cut off dead branches, over-dense branches and insect branches, and burn them centrally.
Extended data:
Reasonable pruning:
The pruning of pepper trees is mainly in winter, supplemented by summer pruning. Cutting in summer is to adjust the angle of branches by pulling, pressing and falling, so as to improve the light transmittance inside the crown. At the same time, the side branches over 50 cm in length should be cored to promote flowering and fruiting. In winter, pruning mainly focuses on removing pests and diseases, thinning branches, over-dense branches, cross branches and long branches, so as to improve the internal environment of the crown and prevent the bearing parts from moving out.
Fertilization management:
Fertilization of Zanthoxylum bungeanum is mainly divided into base fertilizer and topdressing. The role of base fertilizer is to promote flower bud differentiation of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, improve leaf photosynthesis, restore tree vigor, and lay the foundation for high yield of Zanthoxylum bungeanum in the next year. The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer. Generally, after clearing the garden in autumn, a ditch with a depth of 40 cm is opened at the drip line of the tree crown, and 5.0- 10.0 kg of organic fertilizer and 0.3 kg of calcium superphosphate are applied to young trees.
20.0-30.0 kg of organic fertilizer, 0.0 kg of calcium superphosphate 1.0 kg of organic fertilizer were applied to adult trees, and then covered with soil. Topdressing is usually carried out during the fruit expansion period. Topdressing with urea and calcium superphosphate 0.3g and 1.0kg/ plant can not only effectively promote the growth of new shoots, but also improve the fruit setting rate and increase the ear size.
Water management:
The water management of Zanthoxylum bungeanum can be divided into four main periods: frozen water, budding water, water after flowering and water before autumn. Pouring frozen water once in winter during dormancy of Zanthoxylum bungeanum can meet the water demand of plants during dormancy and reduce the occurrence of freezing injury. Germination water is generally watered in March, and it is advisable to irrigate with small water to avoid lowering the ground temperature. Irrigation at fruit-setting stage after flowering can effectively promote the yield and income of pepper.