65438+February to February is the dormant period of persimmon trees, and the growth and development are in a dormant state, which is the best time for pruning.
Key points of pruning technology:
Small tree shaping:
Most persimmon trees are naturally happy. When planting, fix the stem at a height of 90- 100 cm (cut off the top). After growing for 1 year, three branches with different growth directions and three layers but basically the same horizontal branch spacing were selected as the main branches in the dormant period, and 20% of their lengths were cut off respectively. The first main branch is 40-50 cm away from the ground, the second main branch is 30 cm away from the first main branch, and the third main branch is located below the fixed trunk and about 20 cm away from the second main branch. At the same time, according to whether the distribution of main branches is uniform, that is, whether the lateral included angle between main branches is 120 degrees, branches are pulled when necessary, the included angle between the first main branch and the trunk is above 50 degrees, the included angle between the second main branch and the trunk is about 45 degrees, and the opening angle of the third main branch is 40 degrees. After two years of colonization and growth, the third winter plastic surgery was carried out. First cut off all the non-main branches on the trunk, and then cut off the main branches by 0% of the growth in that year. The treatment method of the upper branch of each main branch is as follows: firstly, slender branches, pests and diseases branches, over-dense branches, cross branches and overlapping branches are cut off; then, at a distance of about 50 cm from the main branch, a healthy branch with lateral extension is selected as the first secondary main branch, which is retracted together with other left side branches, and 20% of its length is cut off. After the third year of planting and growth, the second main branch is selected about 30 cm above the first main branch for shaping and pruning. Retract the main branch, secondary main branch and side branch, and cut off 20% of their current length.
Adult tree pruning:
Side branch pruning: In principle, side branches should be planted on secondary main branches. However, when the number of main branches is small and the spacing between secondary main branches is wide, some side branches can be planted on the main branches to make full use of the space in the crown and ensure the effective volume. After thinning out the secondary main branch, pulling the main branch and the secondary main branch, trim the side branches that are too thick, too large and too open. After thinning the inefficient side branches, it is much easier to prune the fruiting mother branches. With the increase of branch age, the lateral branches of the mother branch will gradually bend and droop, resulting in poor nutrient transport in the body, disturbed tree potential balance and irregular fruit quality. Therefore, the lateral branches over 6 years old should be updated by developing branches. In addition, there are often competing branches on the side branch, and the side branch is divided into two branches, so it is difficult to distinguish which one is the side branch. Therefore, it is beneficial for photosynthesis to produce more carbohydrates and other nutrients by leaving more fruiting mother branches and backup branches and increasing the leaf area of persimmon trees. Pruning of fruiting mother branches: in order to ensure high yield, the fruiting mother branches should be based on the per mu yield target and varieties.