Planting prospect of honeysuckle
With the change of people's food structure and the improvement of health care awareness, honeysuckle has been used more and more widely, and has begun to develop from medicine to food, beverage and daily chemical industries. Are people familiar with it? Honeysuckle tea? 、? Honeysuckle throat treasure? 、? Wang Lao Ji (Weibo)? 、? Wahaha honeysuckle drink? 、? Silver ale? 、? Honeysuckle dew? 、? Honeysuckle toothpaste? 、? Honeysuckle juice Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Europe and other countries regard honeysuckle as a treasure, and the demand at home and abroad is increasing. At present, the national demand for honeysuckle is about 20 million kilograms, while the national total output is only about 7 million kilograms. In addition, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Europe and other countries have great demand for honeysuckle, and the market gap is huge. There should be no long-term oversupply, and planting honeysuckle should be a good choice.
What should be noted? Silver flowers? No? Honeysuckle? , but? Silver flowers? And call yourself? XX honeysuckle? 、? XX honeysuckle king? And regard the market prospect of honeysuckle as? Silver flowers? In fact, this is not the case, growers need to distinguish themselves.
Folk custom? Honeysuckle? There are many varieties of honeysuckle, which come from different plants of honeysuckle. When China Pharmacopoeia 1963 first collected honeysuckle, according to the results of herbal textual research and the authenticity of medicinal materials, it was stipulated that there was only one kind of medicinal use of honeysuckle, namely LonicerajaponicaThunb. 1977 version; & gt Due to the interference and influence of specific historical environment, three plant sources of Lonicera macranthoides and Lonicera japonica Thunb. have been added, resulting in thousands of Lonicera japonica Thunb. being blindly obtained from many kinds of medicinal materials, the mainstream commodities and recognized genuine medicinal materials are dried flower buds of Lonicera japonica Thunb ... However, according to the research results of chemical constituents, luteolin is the main effective component of Lonicera japonica Thunb. The content of luteolin in other varieties is very low, mainly chlorogenic acid, which is quite different. In order to protect the traditional authentic medicinal materials, the source of honeysuckle was revised in People's Republic of China (PRC) Pharmacopoeia in 2005, and Lonicera japonica was selected. As the only source of honeysuckle, all other varieties, including the newly added Lonicera macranthoides, are included? Silver flowers? Under, in the name of medicinal materials? Honeysuckle? Separate. Lonicera japonica is very different from Lonicera japonica. It is reasonable and scientific to divide Lonicera japonica into two categories. In the old pharmacopoeia, chlorogenic acid was originally used as the detection object in the identification of honeysuckle and honeysuckle. In fact, honeysuckle and honeysuckle both contain chlorogenic acid, which is of little significance. The Pharmacopoeia of 20 10 makes a stricter distinction between honeysuckle and honeysuckle, and increases the determination of luteolin, Lonicera macranthoides saponin B and Dipsacus saponin B in honeysuckle.
From this perspective, what is folk custom? Honeysuckle? With the China Pharmacopoeia? Honeysuckle? Not quite the same. Since the implementation of the 2005 edition of Pharmacopoeia, Flos Lonicerae? Can't you scream? Honeysuckle? , traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions and various pieces, extracts, etc. Honeysuckle? The name will only use honeysuckle. Caprifoliaceae, and all kinds of health care products can't be called honeysuckle in the future, otherwise it is illegal. At present, it is difficult to find a label in the domestic market? Silver flowers? Articles, whether Chinese medicine prescriptions, Chinese medicine preparations, decoction pieces, extracts, health products, scented tea, etc. , are all adopted? Silver flowers? It's raw materials, but it's all marked with its claimed purpose. Honeysuckle? It is illegal to cheat consumers. In the international market, the pharmacopoeias of Japan, South Korea, Europe and other countries also use honeysuckle as medicine, and almost no one wants to export honeysuckle. In other words, at present? Silver flowers? The market situation is not optimistic.
Therefore, before planting honeysuckle, please be sure to find out what people are used to saying. Honeysuckle? And those in the China Pharmacopoeia? Honeysuckle? Determine what kind of honeysuckle you want to grow.
Miao dealers often call themselves? Honeysuckle? This variety was listed in China Pharmacopoeia, but was it listed in China Pharmacopoeia? Honeysuckle? , or is it included as? Silver flowers? But I won't tell you. Want to grow authentic honeysuckle, don't pay attention to it at all? Chlorogenic acid? Because no matter how you grow it, chlorogenic acid? The content of honeysuckle will reach the standard. You just need to ask your seedling supplier to ensure that honeysuckle will be produced in the future? Luteolin As long as the content can meet the requirements of China Pharmacopoeia.
Planting benefit of honeysuckle
Output value of dried flowers:
1.3-5cm tree:
Planting 300 plants per mu, the yield of each flower is calculated according to the conservative value of 6 kg, 300? 6= 1800 kg, the yield per mu is 1800 kg of flowers, and 5 kg of flowers produce dried flowers 1 kg, that is, the yield per mu is 1800 kg? 5=360 kg, which means 180 kg. The wholesale price of honeysuckle in the national wholesale market of medicinal materials is now unified goods (flower buds) 160 yuan/kg, and unified goods (flowers) 70 yuan/kg.
Output value of honeysuckle processing dried flowers per mu:180kg.
Where 120kg? 160 yuan/kg = 19200 yuan/mu.
60 kilograms? 70 yuan/Jin =3200 yuan/mu.
Total: 19200+3200=22400.
Flower cost: the flower cost per mu of honeysuckle (labor, pesticides, fertilization, watering, etc. ) is 10000 yuan.
Net profit per mu of dried flowers of Lonicera japonica Thunb.: 22,400 yuan/mu-1.00 million yuan = 1.24 million yuan.
Net profit of honeysuckle 100 mu of dried flowers: 12400 yuan/mu? 100 mu =1240,000 yuan
2. 1 annual seedling (0.5-0.7cm):
Plant 660 plants per mu, with spacing of 80cm and row spacing of120cm. The yield of each flower is calculated according to the conservative value of 0.5 kg, 660? 0.5=330 kg, 330 kg per mu, 5 kg for dried flowers 1 kg, that is, 330 kg per mu? 5=66 kilograms, which is 33 kilograms. The wholesale price of honeysuckle in the national wholesale market of medicinal materials is now unified goods (flower buds) 160 yuan/kg, and unified goods (flowers) 70 yuan/kg.
Output value of honeysuckle processing dried flowers per mu: 33 kg.
Where16.5kg (bud)? 160 yuan/kg =2640 yuan/mu.
16.5kg (flowers)? 70 yuan/kg = 1 155 yuan/mu.
Total: 2640+ 1 155=3795.
Flower cost: the flower cost per mu of honeysuckle (labor, pesticides, fertilization, watering, etc. ) is 1000 yuan.
The annual net profit of dried honeysuckle per mu: 3795 yuan/mu-1000 yuan =2795 yuan.
100 annual net profit of dried honeysuckle in A Mu: 2795 yuan/mu? 100 mu = 279,500 yuan
3.2-year-old seedlings (0.7-0.9cm):
Plant 660 plants per mu, with spacing of 80cm and row spacing of120cm. The yield of each flower is calculated according to the conservative value 1 kg, 660? 1=660 kg, the yield per mu is 660 kg of flowers, and the yield of 5 kg of flowers 1 kg of dried flowers, that is, the yield per mu is 660 kg? 5 = 132kg, which is 66kg. The wholesale price of honeysuckle in the national wholesale market of medicinal materials is now unified goods (flower buds) 160 yuan/kg, and unified goods (flowers) 70 yuan/kg.
Output value of honeysuckle processing dried flowers per mu: 66 kg.
Among them, 33 kg (bud)? 160 yuan/kg =5280 yuan/mu.
33 kilograms (flowers)? 70 yuan/Jin =23 10 yuan/mu.
Total: 5280+23 10=7590 yuan.
Flower cost: the flower cost per mu of honeysuckle (labor, pesticides, fertilization, watering, etc. ) It's 2000 yuan.
The net profit of dried flowers for two years per mu of honeysuckle seedlings: 7590 yuan/mu -2000 yuan =5590 yuan.
100 mu net profit of dried honeysuckle seedlings for two years: 5590 yuan/mu? 100 mu = 559,000 yuan
Honeysuckle planting method
Seed propagation
Sowing in April, soaking the seeds in warm water at 35 ~ 40℃ for 24h, taking out 2 ~ 3 times of wet sand to accelerate germination, and sowing when the crack reaches about 30%. Sow in furrow according to the row spacing of 2 1 ~ 22 cm, cover with soil 1cm, and spray water 1 time every two days for more than 10 days. Transplanting in autumn or the following spring, using about 15kg of seeds per1hm ㎡.
cutting
Usually in the rainy season. In rainy weather in summer and autumn, the robust 1 ~ 2-year-old branches are cut into 30 ~ 35 cm, and the lower leaves are used as cuttings. On the selected plot, according to the row spacing of 1.6m and the plant spacing of 1.5m, the depth is 16 ~ 18cm, and each hole has 5 ~ 6 cuttings, which stand obliquely in the buried soil in the form of dispersion, with 7 ~10.
Pay attention to shading before pruning to avoid dry branches caused by direct sunlight. Cutting can also be used to raise seedlings; In July and August, put the cuttings into the ditch, the row spacing is 23 ~ 26 cm, the depth is about 16cm, and the spacing is 2cm. Fill and compact the cuttings with soil. Using sandy soil with good air permeability and water permeability as seedling soil has the fastest rooting and is not easy to be invaded by germs and cause branch rot. Spraying water once after planting, and watering 1 time every two days after drought, which can take root in about half a month, and transplanting in spring or autumn the following year.
Plastic trimming
Pruning should be done after defoliation in autumn and before germination in spring. Generally, strong branches are lightly cut, weak branches are strongly cut, and all branches are cut. When pruning, pay attention to ventilation and light transmission after the new branches grow. All weak branches, withered old branches, basic branches, etc. It should be cut off, and the plots with poor fertilizer and water conditions should be trimmed heavier. Old branches should be cut off to promote the growth of new branches. Young plants are mainly cultivated plants and should be lightly cut. Generally, 4 ~ 5 trunk branches are left in mountainous areas, and 1 ~ 2 trunk branches are left in plains. The top of the trunk should be cut off to make it stout and upright.
Combination of shaping and pruning. In principle, it is based on fertilizer and water management, which can improve the whole, make full use of space, increase the amount of branches and leaves, make the plant type more reasonable, and obviously increase flowers and yield. The flowering time after pruning is relatively concentrated, which is convenient for harvesting and processing. Generally, branches can stand upright after pruning, and removing weak branches and basic branches is beneficial to the formation of new flowers. Pick the flowers and cut them. After cutting, apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer once and water once to promote the next crop to blossom ahead of time. In this way, you can collect flowers four times a year, and you can collect dried flowers 150 ~ 200 Jin on average every 667 square meters.
Tiantuan management
Topdressing: During the first 1 ~ 2 years after planting, it is the development and fruit setting period of honeysuckle plants, and more fertilizers such as human and animal manure, plant ash, urea and potassium sulfate are applied. After planting for 2 ~ 3 years, more fertilizers such as livestock manure, manure, cake fertilizer and calcium superphosphate should be applied in early spring every year. After the first crop of flowers is harvested, an appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer should be applied to provide sufficient nutrients for the next crop of flowers. Every year after germination in early spring and when the first flowers are harvested, human feces, fertilizers, etc. They all fell in the open ditch. The application amount of each fertilizer is 250g, and the promotion effect of fertilization treatment on the nutritional growth of honeysuckle is urea+ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, urea and ammonium bicarbonate in turn, among which urea+ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and urea can significantly improve the yield of honeysuckle. Comprehensive nutrition growth, reproductive growth and fertilization cost, the topdressing is urea+ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (150g+65438+.