Afforestation sites should be selected in gentle slopes, flat land and well-drained ditches, fields, land edges, in front of houses and behind houses.
Areas with convenient transportation are suitable for areas below 2000 meters above sea level of Dadu River, 2800 meters below Yalong River and 2900 meters below Jinsha River. There is no problem in hilly areas and Pingba areas in central Sichuan, but they are not the most suitable ecological areas.
Soil with good water retention and air permeability and sandy loam are more suitable. The thickness of soil layer is above 1m, the Ph value is 7.0-7.5, and the groundwater level should be below 2m.
The irrigation and drainage of walnut trees need a certain amount of water, especially in the young stage. If the walnut orchard is established, it should meet the requirements of dry irrigation and drainage.
Seedling preparation
The quality of seedlings is very important. Only high-quality seedlings can effectively use cultivation techniques to achieve the goal of more fruits and good fruits. It is best to choose strong seedlings of 2-3 years old, the height of which is more than 30 cm, the ground diameter is not less than 1 cm, there are many fibrous roots, and there are no pests and diseases, so as to ensure survival and robust growth.
Variety configuration
Walnut has the characteristics of dioecious plants, wind pollination, short pollination distance and great difference in fruit setting rate. It is best to choose 2-3 main varieties and provide good pollination opportunities for each other. In principle, the ratio of main varieties to pollinated varieties is not less than 8: 1.
Afforestation technology
The density of late-bearing walnuts is generally large, and the row spacing is 6m×8m×8m×9m；. morning market/fair
The crown of walnut is small, and the row spacing between trees is 3m× 5m× 5m× 6m.
The excavation specification tree hole is 80cm× 80cm× 80cm.
Afforestation time is generally carried out after soil thawing and before seedling germination.
Planting technique
Before planting, cut off the injured and rotten roots of the seedlings, soak them in water for half a day and then dip them in mud to make the roots absorb enough water to survive.
After the planting pit is dug, the topsoil and bottom fertilizer are mixed and filled into the bottom of the pit, so that the middle part is slightly raised. Put the seedlings into the hole, stretch the roots, fill the soil layer by layer to make the roots evenly distributed until the soil is flush with the ground, and then make the tree tray after comprehensive practice.
Root water should be fully watered after planting, and it should be watered again after 1 week. When conditions permit, young trees should be covered with plastic film (trunk is not covered) to keep water, increase temperature and promote growth.
One answer after another.
Plastic trimming
For the young trees that have survived, the early-fruiting walnuts are fixed at the height of 1 m and the late-fruiting walnuts are fixed at the height of 1.5-2 m before germination in spring; And cut off the dense branches to ensure the normal development of the lateral branches and continuously expand the branches.
Timely management
Weed, fertilize and irrigate regularly to prevent cattle and sheep from trampling and man-made damage.
Young soil orchards should be weeded and loosened in time, and intercropping orchards can be combined with intercropping crops to manage weeding and loosening; Orchards without intercropping should be weeded 3-4 times a year according to the specific situation, and herbicides can also be used to weed.
Fertilization is an important measure to ensure the normal growth of walnut trees and achieve high quality and stable yield. Young trees can meet the needs of trees by applying 50-100g of nitrogen fertilizer, 20-40g of phosphorus fertilizer, 20-40g of potassium fertilizer and 5000g of organic fertilizer every year.
When applying fertilizer, organic fertilizer is the main fertilizer, which should be thoroughly decomposed and applied, generally in 20-80 cm soil layer.