1) Transplanting time
① Big trees are usually transplanted in spring and autumn, especially in early spring. The best transplanting weather is cloudy without rain and sunny without wind.
② Summer (May-September) is an anti-season transplant, and most of them are key projects with special tasks. Nowadays, advanced transplanting methods and scientific maintenance can still ensure the survival of big trees transplanted in summer.
2) Conditions for selecting tree species
① The excavation site is similar to the planting site.
② The tree potential is convenient for digging and loading and unloading.
③ The tree is beautiful, healthy and free from pests and diseases.
④ Tree species that have been transplanted many times and are easy to take root or have strong rooting ability.
3) Do more meticulous work around the "root" part.
The most important thing in transplanting big trees is the root work. If the roots are well raised, the trees will have a solid foundation for survival. The following points should be done carefully:
① Root cutting and soil ball treatment
a, when the tree is dug, don't damage the root bark and fibrous roots. When encountering a large root, it should be sawed off with a hand saw, and the cut surface should be smooth, so as to avoid splitting.
b, the diameter of the soil ball is usually 6-1 times the DBH of the tree. When transplanting out of season, the diameter of soil ball is required to be larger. The surface of the soil ball should be smooth, large and small, and the soil ball should be firmly bound, so that the soil ball can not be partially damaged or completely damaged during the lifting and setting process, otherwise, it will directly affect the survival of the tree. Try not to use big trees with damaged soil balls for transplanting. In the process of setting the value, we should carefully unload the soil ball packaging and clear it out of the hole to avoid water accumulation and root rot in the hole.
② Requirements and treatment of tree holes
A. The soil of tree holes in the planting area should be fertile and loose, the soil quality is the same as that in the digging area, and the terrain is convenient for transporting and unloading trees.
b, clean the tree holes dug according to the standard, leaving no sundries, and then spray and disinfect them with jihe ethylicin.
c, before the tree is planted in the tree hole, the bottom of the hole should be backfilled with 375px-625px thick nutrient soil.
d, if the soil pH between the excavated land and the planting land is different, it should be replaced with good soil which is the same as that required for the growth of big trees. The survival rate of big trees in adversity can be improved by watering the rooting liquid of happy forest and injecting the hanging bag liquid of happy forest after the big trees are rated.
③ Depth of root colonization
Too deep root colonization of a big tree will cause water accumulation in the root, which will affect root respiration. The big tree will not germinate and rot, and its growth will gradually weaken or even die. Controlling the depth of root colonization is an important part of tree survival.
a, the planting depth of the soil ball is equal to the original soil mark, and should not exceed the height of the soil ball.
b, the depth of bare root transplantation is 3-125px higher than that of soil trace.
③ The roots should be closely combined with the planting soil
When transplanting trees, the roots should be closely combined with the planting soil, so that the survival rate is high. On the contrary, after planting, the trees can't absorb water and nutrients from the soil and supply them for the growth of trees, and their growth will gradually weaken. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the close combination of roots and planting soil. The general measures are as follows:
a. Planting trees with soil balls, watering, stirring and tamping when backfill soil reaches 2/3 of the pit, and then backfill soil to full. A week later, water it for the second time.
b, planting bare-rooted trees. When the soil is half filled, hold the trunk and shake it gently to stabilize the soil, then fill the soil until it is full, and then pour it for the last time. Whether planting with soil balls or bare roots, when watering, transplant rooting liquid to the trees of happy forest and water them with water. This can not only make the root system closely combined with the soil, but also strengthen the root system activity and speed up the survival of trees.
4) protect the bark
in the process of digging, loading, unloading, transporting and planting the big tree, try not to damage the bark. Bark, as an important transport tissue of the tree, will directly affect the survival effect of the tree if it is damaged. For trees with damaged bark, the following measures can be taken to create favorable conditions for the survival of big trees.
① For trees with cracked bark, apply Kuaihuolin Healing Ointment.
(2) if the bark of the injured tree can be found, it should be restored with the original bark; If it cannot be found, it shall be repaired by trimming the epidermis of the branches trimmed from the tree. Before reduction or plastic repair, bark and wound should be disinfected with Jiwo and sprayed with Chunyu No.1 to activate tissue cells and promote the combination of bark and tree. After reset or repair, tie it tightly with hemp rope or gauze.
5) controlling transpiration
excessive transpiration of water and nutrients in trees is not conducive to the survival of transplantation. There are two main measures to control the transpiration loss of water and nutrients in big trees:
① Moderate pruning < P > After digging up big trees, the crown should be trimmed. Those with strong germination, old trees and dense branches and leaves should be cut more; Evergreen trees, weak germination should be lightly cut. When pruning, you must cut off pests and dead branches. Trim the kerf and seal it with a wound dressing to prevent rot and invasion of germs.
② Use plants to resist steaming
In the process of transplanting, transporting and planting trees, the transpiration of water and nutrients should be strictly prevented, so as to avoid the transplant death of trees due to the imbalance of water and nutrients, dehydration and deoxygenation of trees. In addition to shading the sun and spraying moisture, the pruned trees should be sprayed with anti-transpiration inhibitor of Happy Forest after digging and before transportation, so that a transparent and breathable film can be formed on the surface of the trees to prevent the loss of water and nutrients. Summer greening and maintenance should be strengthened.