Seedless white: alias Thompson seedless. Originated in Central Asia, it is the main cultivated variety for fresh and dried in Turpan and Hami areas of China, Xinjiang. Gansu and Inner Mongolia are also cultivated. The ear of fruit is large, with an average weight of 337 grams per ear, and the fruit grains are compact or medium density. The fruit is small, with an average single grain weight of 1.64g under natural conditions, oval, yellowish white, medium-thick fruit powder and thin skin. The pulp is light green, crisp, odorless and of good quality. The tree is strong, the fruit setting rate is high, and the average fruit branch 1. 1 inflorescence, the secondary branch is strong, and the fruit is consistent in maturity. It is an excellent fresh-dried variety with too small causal grain. Treating fruit grains with gibberellin in fresh food production is suitable for the development of northwest China.

Moritani seedless: also known as seedless white chicken heart, century seedless and green twips. Native to the United States, 1966 was bred by California State University, and 1987 was introduced to China, and now it is cultivated all over the country. The ear is large and rectangular, with an average weight of 620g. The fruit size is moderate, and the fruit particles are medium size, yellow-green or golden yellow. Under natural conditions, the single grain weight is 4.5g, which can reach more than 8g after gibberellin treatment. The peel is thin and tough, the pulp is crisp and hard, sweet and sour, and the flavor is good. The growth potential of the plant is strong, the fruiting branch rate is 52%, and each fruiting branch has an average of 1.2 inflorescences, so the yield is high. It is fully mature in the middle and late July in Zhengzhou area, and belongs to a medium-mature and early-maturing variety. Great growth potential, poor flower bud differentiation and unstable yield often occur in Central China. It is necessary to strengthen management from the aspects of increasing the application of organic fertilizer, repeated coring in summer and controlling the use of nitrogen fertilizer to promote the good differentiation of flower buds. When treated with plant growth regulators, we should pay attention to the fact that the natural fruit of this variety should not be too small. Proper treatment with gibberellin can achieve better results, prevent the quality from decreasing obviously and delay the maturity obviously.

Morisa seedless: It is a Eurasian species, native to the United States, and a hybrid offspring of Christen seedless and B40-208. The young leaves of the new shoots are all yellow-green, without fuzz, and the adult leaves are large and 5-lobed. The leaf margin is serrated and sharp, and the petiole is open. The average ear weight is 500g, and the maximum is1400g. The weight of a single fruit is 5 ~ 6g, which can reach 9 ~ 10g after being treated with plant growth regulators. The skin is golden yellow when cooked, the flesh is hard, crisp and sweet, and it smells like roses when cooked. The content of soluble solids is 17%, which can reach 19% when it is fully mature. It germinates in early May and matures in mid-August, with a growth period of about 125 days. Trees thrive when they are strong. Beautiful appearance, golden yellow when fully mature, very beautiful, conical ear. It tastes good and has a fresh rose fragrance, which is rare in seedless grapes. The fruit is large and seedless, and the commodity value is extremely high. You can choose moderately fertile soil for farming, or you can use floodplain and hilly land. To control nitrogen fertilizer, farmyard manure, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are mainly applied. When pruning in winter, long tips should be trimmed. When cutting in summer, pick the core after the leaves of 10 ~ 12 grow. If the tree is too strong, it can be controlled by spraying plant growth regulators. The first choice for this variety is to build a shed with a row spacing of 3 meters and a plant spacing of 0.8 ~ 1 meter. If hedgerows are planted, the row spacing will be increased to 2m, and the frame height will be1.8m.. In the growing period, the shelf surface is 2 ~ 2.2 meters high. Fruit bagging to produce high-grade and high-quality fruit.

Wonderful seedless: also known as black beauty, magical seedless, dreamless seedless. 1982 seedless variety bred by hybridization in California, USA. 1988 passed the appraisal, 1989 was officially put into the market, and 1998 was introduced into China. This variety is fresh and seedless. The buds are yellow-green, with no fuzz. Young leaves are reddish purple and shiny. Adult leaves are medium-sized, 5-lobed, heart-shaped, with sharp serrations, smooth leaves and no fuzz on the back. Petiole is hollow and open, arched. Amphoteric flowers. Plant growth is extremely vigorous, the bud eye germination rate is 82%, and the fruit branch rate is slightly lower, with an average of 1.6 inflorescences per fruit branch. The ear is medium and large, with an average ear weight of 500 grams, conical shape and moderate fruit density. The fruit is black, rectangular and thick. The fruit is large, with an average grain weight of 6-7 grams, and the maximum grain weight is 8 grams under natural conditions, with the same maturity. The pulp is white-green, translucent, sweet and crisp, with moderate hardness, and the peel is not easy to separate from the pulp. The peel is medium thick, with soluble solid content 16% ~ 20%, acid content of 0.6%, and the ratio of sugar to acid is more than 20∶ 1. The quality is good, and some fruits have residual stones. This variety germinated in Jinan in early April, blossomed in mid-May, and matured in the middle and late July. It takes 120 days from germination to fruit ripening. Strong disease resistance, fruit is not easy to fall off, and it is resistant to storage and transportation. Vigorous growth often leads to poor differentiation of flower buds. In cultivation, measures such as shed shape, pruning long branches and adjusting fertilizer ratio should be taken as far as possible to alleviate plant growth potential and promote flower bud differentiation. Gibberellin should not be used to increase the fruit size, otherwise it will reduce the fruit setting rate and delay ripening. Techniques such as girdling fruit branches in color-changing period can be used to promote large fruit grains and high sugar content.

(2) European and American hybrid seedless varieties

Venus is seedless: it was introduced from America in the 1980s. After 20 years of cultivation, it has shown unique advantages such as disease resistance, high yield and wide adaptability. It can be planted in cold north and hot and humid south. At present, Guangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guangdong and other regions have begun large-scale planting. This variety can not only be eaten raw, but also be used to make juice. It is the most widely used variety among seedless grapes. The buds are light green and have more fluff. Young leaves are grayish white with dense hairs. Mature leaves are large, light green, medium thick, with 3-5 cracks, shallow cracks, rough leaves, dense filamentous hairs on the back of leaves, closed petiole with concave midvein, and blunt serrations on the leaf margin. When the branches are mature, the internodes are reddish. The first inflorescence is inserted in the third section, the second inflorescence is inserted in the fourth section, and the double inflorescence accounts for more than 90%. Ears are medium-sized, cylindrical and have secondary ears. The average ear length is 23cm, the width is 16cm, the average ear weight is 370g, and the maximum ear weight is 630g g. The average fruit weight is 4.2 grams, which can reach 8 ~ 10 grams after being treated with plant growth regulators. The fruit is round or oval, blue and black, and the fruit powder is thick. The peel is medium thick, and the peel and pulp are easy to separate. The flesh is Microsoft, juicy and fragrant. Soluble solids 16% ~ 19%, the quality is extremely high. Sometimes there are some residual seeds, and there is no obvious feeling when eating them. Strong growth potential. In the second year after planting, the fruiting branch rate was 90%, the average number of ears per fruiting branch was 2, and the double ear rate was 92%. The secondary buds are robust, and can form flower buds at node 1 ~ 8, which is beneficial to pruning and close planting of extremely short branches. The maturity of each plant is consistent. The secondary branches have strong fruiting ability, early fruiting and high yield. In Daze Mountain area of pingdu city, it germinated on April 5th, blossomed on May 23rd and matured in mid-July. It is 20 days earlier than Giant Peak, and its maturity is similar to that of Jingya. Strong resistance to black pox, downy mildew and white rot, and strong comprehensive resistance.