Rubus mainly refers to Rubus (Rubus? Lynn. ) can be used in food, medicine and extracting effective ingredients to make skin care products. ?
Description of raspberry characteristics:?
Deciduous or evergreen shrubs, subshrubs or herbs. Stems climbing or erect, mostly prickly. Leaves alternate, simple, pinnate or palmately compound, with serrated, lobed or entire edges and petioles; Stipules entire or divided, free and more or less connate with petiole. Flowers bisexual, rarely dioecious, terminal, sparsely axillary racemes, panicles or corymbs, or solitary; Calyx lobes 5, sparsely 3-7, persistent in fruit, erect or reflexed; Petals 5, sometimes absent, erect or spreading, white or reddish; Stamens numerous, erect or spreading; Many carpels, sometimes only a few, are separated from each other on the raised receptacle. Ovary has 1 cell, short style, lateral or terminal. The fruit is drupe, clustered on the receptacle to form a berry-like aggregate fruit, sometimes dry, yellow, red or black, hairless or hairy. There are about 700 species of this genus, which are widely distributed all over the world, mainly in the northern temperate zone, and a few in the southern hemisphere and tropical regions. About 280 species in China, distributed in northern and southern provinces (regions); There are 19 species and 4 varieties in Qinling Mountains. ?
One: Rubus, a deciduous semi-shrub of Rubus in Rosaceae. There are more than 450 species in the world, mainly distributed in the cold zone and temperate zone of the northern hemisphere. There are about 2 10 species in China, both of which are wild in the north and south. ?
The artificial cultivation of raspberries first began in Europe. The main producing countries are the Soviet Union, Poland, the United States and Canada. China is cultivated only in the northeast. Aggregate fruit is soft and juicy, with bright color, sweet and sour taste and rich fragrance. Suitable for fresh food, a large number of products are mainly used for processing jam, fruit wine, preserves and fruit juice. Branches are usually densely spiny or hairy, with alternate leaves, pinnately compound leaves and 3-5 leaflets. Most hermaphroditic flowers are attached to the protruding receptacle and develop into polymeric drupes. The colors of fruits are red, yellow, black and purple. There are four main types of cultivated species: raspberry, blackberry, raspberry and Rohan, Kharkiv Oblast raspberry. ?
European raspberry (R.idaeus) cultivated in the northeast of China, also known as raspberry, is combined into a pot shape and easily separated from the receptacle when it is ripe. Rubus is a newly domesticated variety in the United States, which is suitable for cultivation in the south. Blackberry and Rohan, Kharkiv Oblast raspberry are distributed between them, and Rohan, Kharkiv Oblast raspberry is a hybrid of raspberry and blackberry. The three fruits are not easy to be separated from fleshy receptacle when they are ripe, and they are picked together with receptacle and calyx when they are harvested. ?
Raspberries germinate easily and propagate by ramets. Cutting roots is easy to grow into seedlings. Some kinds of branches often droop, and the top is easy to take root when touching the ground, so they can be propagated by layering at the top. Branch life only? Every two years, new branches grow from the rhizome at the base of the stem, or tillers grow from the adventitious buds of the root. Flower buds can form in the same year and blossom and bear fruit in the next year. In cultivation, biennial branches after fruit picking are often cut off as early as possible to improve the light and nutritional conditions for the growth of new branches. Branches are long and soft and often need support and shaping. Shallow roots need loose soil and better fertilizer and water management.
There is also a wild fruit, similar to raspberry, which is also a common wild fruit in China called raspberry?
Scientific name: Rubus? Grass genus? Lynn.
English name: Japan? raspberry
Last name: Rosaceae? Rosaceae?
Deciduous shrub, about 1 m high, with pubescence and inverted prickles. Odd-pinnate compound leaves, usually 3 leaflets, sometimes 5 leaflets, rhombic broadly ovoid to broadly obovate, 2.5-5 cm long and 2-5 cm wide, blunt apex, shallowly lobed edge, irregularly coarsely serrated, fluffy at the top, densely covered with white fluff on the back; Petiole and leaf axis are pilose with small prickles. Corymb terminal or axillary, with several flowers; Peduncles and pedicels densely pilose and prickly; Flowers are red or purple, with a diameter of about 1 cm; Sepals ovate-lanceolate to triangular-ovate, apex pointed, outside pilose, margin and inside densely pilose. Aggregate fruit is spherical, with a diameter less than 65438±0cm, and is red. The flowering period is May-June and the fruiting period is July-August. ?
Widely distributed, growing on hillsides, roadsides and bushes; It is distributed all over China.
Sweet and sour fruits can be eaten, and can also be used to boil sugar and make wine; Tannin extracted from leaves and root bark has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, expelling wind and astringing. ? Var。 Rubus glandularis (Focke) Migo is a variety of Rubus glandularis, which is different from Rubus glandularis in that there are brown setose glandular hairs on the pedicel, outside the calyx and on the flowering branchlets. ? Nanjing Purple Mountain, Qixia Mountain, Jurong Baohua Mountain, Maoshan Mountain, Yixing, Yangzhou and other places.