Generally speaking, there are two ways to build a garden. One is to plant new varieties of peach trees in spring according to the demand of simple greenhouses, leaving indoor space for simple greenhouses to produce and manufacture in autumn. One is to build an iron shed first and cultivate peach seedlings in the carport, which is convenient for production and manufacturing.
2 category selection
When selecting varieties, we should pay special attention to the following provisions: select super-high-yield and high-quality varieties with short stems, compact trunks, large fruits, storage and transportation resistance, meeting natural environmental standards such as dark light, high and low temperatures, and high self-flowering commodity rate. Generally speaking, peaches can be selected from Chun Xue and Chun Yan. Nectarines can come from Zhongyou No.4, Hui Jin and Zhongyou 16. Flat peaches can come from early dew flat peaches, early oil flat peaches and so on.
3 transplantation
Choose different planting relative densities according to the tree shape used. Generally choose 1m 1m, 1m 1.5m, 1m2m. Most greenhouses are built in the north and south. Peach trees are planted in rows from east to Xiping. Thinning is carried out according to the growth status of peach trees in the middle and late period. Select the first-class seedlings with a height of 80 cm and a thickness of about 0.6 cm. The diameter of the planting hole is greater than or equal to 35 cm, and the deep layer is greater than or equal to 35 cm. Water immediately after planting, and cover with film after leaking seedlings.
Peach (tree)
4 Fertilization water management methods
The soil layer is covered with agricultural plastic film, and the water and fertilizer management method is implemented according to the standard of "promoting first and then controlling", that is, a small amount of chemical fertilizer and water are used in batches before July 20 in Dalian to promote the vegetative growth of peach trees. From July 20th to the end of August, pot fertilization promoted the transformation from vegetative growth to reproductive system development.
After drying, when the newly grown branches grow to 20~35 cm, fertilization should be carried out, mainly with base fertilizer and 25 grams of urea solution per plant. Wipe once every 15 days until July 5, and then drain. Spraying 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate in early August. From the end of August to the beginning of September, use 10- 15KG high-quality organic fertilizer or bacterial fertilizer as green plants, and add 0.5- 1KG nutrient elements when fertilizing in autumn. Fertilization at flowering stage is about 10 day after the temperature rises, and 150g compound fertilizer is applied to each tree, and150-200g special fertilizer for fruit trees or compound fertilizer is applied to each tree at full flowering stage and fruit expansion stage.
The key to irrigation is soil moisture. In addition to watering once after fertilization and before the temperature rises, we should also pay attention to watering the fruit several times in the middle and late stages to avoid cracking.
5 plastic beauty jianxiu
Plastic and cosmetic trimming should achieve the purpose of natural ventilation and light transmission. According to the structure of the greenhouse, both sides of the greenhouse should be open, and the middle should be trunk-shaped or Y-shaped. Under normal circumstances, no branches are left, and the trunk should be covered with fruiting branches immediately. Planting year, 40 cm on both sides should be fixed and dried, and 50 cm in the middle should be fixed and dried. After the new branches germinate, there are still branches left. When the extra branches grow to 30-40 cm,
25 cm should be reserved for cutting to promote the growth and development of new branches. When the new branches grow to 25 cm, they should be trimmed within 20 cm. The key to pruning before heating is thinning branches, mother branches, weak branches and pests and diseases. When the fruit grows and develops after fruit setting, the branches are slack and must be hung, and the branches should be pruned according to the situation to improve the photosynthesis of plants and the nutritional components of the fruit.
After meeting the cooling requirements, heating can be prepared in advance. Quality and fruit size are important indicators of greenhouse planting. The maturity period is April-May, and the heating time can be calculated according to the expected picking period and fruit development stage of the variety. The temperature rise must be done step by step. The temperature was controlled at about 15 in broad daylight for the first three days, and then increased by 2 every day until it reached 25. At night, the temperature is above 7, and the ambient humidity is about 70% until it is in full bloom. During the flowering period, the daytime temperature is 18~22, the minimum temperature at night is 8~ 10, the average temperature is 12~ 14, and the ambient humidity is about 50%. The temperature of fruit growth and development is 24~26, and the environmental humidity is about 50%.
6 temperature and humidity management methods
Generally speaking, the honey peak is used to receive pollen, and a box of bees is placed on an acre of land. The best time to release bees is when each tree has 1-2 flowers. You can also use artificial pollination, and blow 1-2 flowers with a small electric fan every day to promote pollination. You can also kick the trunk to promote bee pollen fitness. The storage capacity of fruits is determined according to the growth and development of trees. Generally speaking, long branches keep 2-3 fruits, middle branches keep 1-2 fruits, and weak branches keep 1 fruit or no fruit.