He Jiong-Zhizihuakai
Forever young
So beautiful and so white
This is a season.
We will leave.
It's hard to give up your shy girl.
Like a scent.
Haunt me.
Forever young
It's so cute
Wave goodbye to happiness and helplessness
Time flies like running water.
Day and night also water our youth.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Like crystal waves blooming in my heart.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
It is a touch of youthful and pure love.
Forever young
It's so cute
Wave goodbye to happiness and helplessness
Time flies like running water.
Day and night also water our youth.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Like crystal waves blooming in my heart.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
It is a touch of youthful and pure love.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Like crystal waves blooming in my heart.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
It is a touch of youthful and pure love.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Like crystal waves blooming in my heart.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
It is a touch of youthful and pure love.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
Like crystal waves blooming in my heart.
Gardenia blooms and blooms.
The Chinese name of Gardenia is Gardenia (zhρ), also known as Peony, Ganoderma lucidum, Hippopotamus Chef, Moon Peach, Shuihengzhi, Zhi Zi Flower, Shan Zhi Flower, Yellow Eggplant, Huang Zi, Gardenia Flower, Huang Zhi, Crataegus pinnatifida, Jade Flower and Hundred Flowers. Latin scientific name Gardenia jasminoides Biological classification Angiosperms, Dicotyledons, Rubiaceae, Gardenia English: cape jasmine [Edit this paragraph] Plant introduction Gardenia (scientific name: Gardenia). It belongs to Rubiaceae. It is an evergreen shrub. Leaves opposite or 3 leaves, leaves obovate, leathery, green and shiny. These flowers are white and very fragrant. Berries are oval, yellow or orange. I like a humid, warm, sunny and well-ventilated environment, but I don't want to be exposed to strong light. It should be planted in loose and fertile acid soil with good drainage. It can be propagated by cutting, layering, dividing plants or sowing. Flowers can be used as the spice of tea, and fruits can diminish inflammation and dispel heat. This is an excellent fragrant flower. Gardenia usually refers to the variety of gardenia with double petals for ornamental purposes. Gardenia is native to China. Like warm, humid and sunny environment, cold-resistant. Gardenia is semi-cloudy, afraid of stagnant water, and requires loose, fertile and acidic sandy loam. It belongs to Rubiaceae and Gardenia. Evergreen shrub. Branchlets are green, leaves are opposite, and leather is rectangular and shiny. Axillary flowers with short peduncle and fleshy. The fruit is ovoid to oblong, with 5-9 wing-like straight edges, and the cell1; There are many seeds embedded in the fleshy placenta. From May to July in bloom, flowers, leaves and fruits are beautiful, and the flowers are overflowing. Roots, leaves and fruits can be used as medicine, and have the effects of purging fire and relieving annoyance, clearing away heat and diuresis, cooling blood and detoxifying. [Edit this paragraph] The producing areas are distributed in most parts of the country and are cultivated. Gardenia is distributed in Guizhou, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, southwestern Shaanxi and other provinces, and is also the city flower of Yueyang City, Hunan Province. (1July 2, 986) [Edit this paragraph] Morphological characteristics Evergreen shrubs or small trees, 100-200 cm high, most plants are relatively low. Dry gray, green branchlets, opposite leaves or whorled main branches, obovate oblong, 5 ~ 14 cm long, suspicious and shiny, full lines, solitary branches or leaf axils, white and fragrant; Corolla salverform, 6-lobed, fleshy. Fruit ovoid with 6 longitudinal edges; The seeds are flat, the flowering period is from June to August, and the fruit maturity is 10 month. Gardenia is an evergreen shrub and woody flower. It is more than 1 m high, with opposite or 3 leaves, short stalks, leathery leaves, obovate or oblong, tapering at the top, slightly dull and shiny surface, and only short hairs clustered in the axils of lower veins, which are sheath-shaped. The flowers are large, white, fragrant, with short stems and solitary branches; Calyx lobes obovate to oblanceolate, spreading, anthers exposed. There are 6 petals, double petals (gardenia). The flowering period is long, from May to June to August. Maturity 10 month, yellow fruit, oval to oblong, 5-9 straight wings, cells 1 cell. There are many seeds embedded in the fleshy placenta. Ecological habit Gardenia likes warm and humid climate and is not cold-resistant; The sunshine is good but can't stand the strong sunshine, so it is suitable for living in a slightly shady place. Suitable for growing in loose, fertile, well-drained and slightly sticky acid soil, it is a typical acid flower. Sex likes warm, moist and sunny, but it should avoid strong direct sunlight. It likes acidic soil with high temperature and good ventilation, and requires loose, fertile and well-drained soil. It is a typical acidic soil plant. Not cold-tolerant, semi-cloudy, afraid of stagnant water, can only be used as greenhouse potted flowers in northeast, north and northwest China. Gardenia is resistant to sulfur dioxide and can absorb sulfur to purify the atmosphere. 0.5 kg of leaves can absorb 0.002 ~ 0.005 kg of sulfur. [Edit this paragraph] Propagation method (1) Cutting propagation in greenhouse in the north 10 ~ 1 1, cutting can be carried out at any time from April to beginning of autumn in the south, but the survival rate is the highest between summer and autumn. The cuttings are healthy 2-year-old branches with the length of 10- 12 cm. Cut off the leaves below, dip them in vitamin B 12 injection and then insert them into the sand. Under the conditions of relative humidity of 80% and temperature of 20 ~ 24℃, they can take root for 65438 05 days. If it is soaked in the -6 power of 20* 10 to the -6 power of 50 *10 for 24 hours, the effect will be better. Rooted seedlings can be transplanted or planted in pots when they begin to grow, and can bloom after 2 years. (2) layering propagation In April, select strong branches from 3-year-old mother plants, which are 25-30 cm long and layering. If there is a trigeminal branch, you can get three seedlings at the bifurcation. It usually takes 20 ~ 30 days to take root, and it can be separated from the mother plant in June, and it can be planted or potted separately in the next spring. (3) Seeding and propagation are mostly carried out in spring, and the seeds germinate slowly, about 1 year after sowing, and bloom after 3-4 years, so it is difficult for potted plants in the north to receive seeds. Commonly used cutting and layering propagation. Cutting: In the rainy season, the shoots with the length of 15 cm are inserted into the seedbed, and roots are produced from 10- 12. Layering: biennial branches, 20-25cm long, are selected in April, buried in the soil, kept moist, rooted in about 30 days, separated from the mother plant in summer, and planted separately in the following spring. Transplanting seedlings or potted plants should be carried out in spring and rainy season, with soil balls. Keep the soil moist during the growing period, and water it more during flowering and midsummer. Apply fertilizer 1 time every month, and apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer 1 time before flowering. Prune and reshape in early spring of the following year, and cut off dead branches and long branches in time. (4) Seed breeding (1) Seed selection: select full, deep red mature fruits and dry them in the shell or in the air as seeds. Before sowing, cut off the peel of the seeds with scissors, dig out the seeds, rub them with hot water to remove floating seeds or impurities, then take out the sunken full seeds, spread them on bamboo mats, and put them in a ventilated place to dry excess water, and then sow. (2) Land selection and soil preparation: select sandy loam with deep, loose and fertile soil layer, plow 1- 1.5 feet, border 4-5 feet wide and 6 inches high, and apply 20-30 loads of human manure per mu. When the soil is dry, the clods are raked shallowly. A sowing ditch with a row spacing of 6-7 inches and a ditch depth of about 1 inch was opened at the border for sowing. (3) Seeding and seedling raising: sowing in spring or autumn, sowing after rain in spring, sowing before and after autumn equinox in autumn, evenly spreading fire ash seeds in the sowing ditch, then covering the sowing ditch with fine soil or fire soil, covering with grass and watering, and always keeping the soil moist to facilitate seedling emergence, with 4-6 kilograms of seeds per mu. Pay attention to weeding in time after emergence, weeding frequently at seedling stage, and be careful not to damage the root system of seedlings. After weeding, it is necessary to chase human excrement and urine, and it will take one year to transplant seedlings. [Edit this paragraph] It is appropriate to prepare 40% garden soil, 15% coarse sand, 30% dung soil and 15% humus soil for the maintenance and cultivation of potted plants. Gardenia seedlings should pay attention to watering, keep the pot soil moist, and apply decomposed thin fertilizer frequently. It is best to water it with rainwater or fermented rice washing water. During the growing period, if the soil is irrigated with 0.2% ferrous sulfate water or alum fertilizer water every 15 days (the two can be used alternately), it can prevent the soil from becoming alkaline, and at the same time, it can supplement iron to the soil to prevent the leaves of Gardenia from turning yellow. In summer, gardenia should spray water on the leaves every morning and evening to increase the air humidity and promote the luster of the leaves. Potted gardenia, after flowering in August, only water, control the amount of water. /kloc-move indoors before the cold dew in October/October and place it in a sunny place. Strictly control watering in winter, but you can often spray leaves with clear water. From May to July every year, the vigorous growth period of gardenia will stop, and the plants will be pruned and the tips at the top will be removed to promote the germination of branches and make the plants beautiful and bloom more in the future. Gardenia flowers are mostly propagated by cutting and layering, but they can also be propagated by sowing in separate plants, but they are rarely used. Cutting can be divided into spring cutting and autumn cutting. Spring sowing in the middle and late February; Autumn planting will be conducted from the end of September to the end of 10. Cuttings are 2-3 years old, cut into pieces of 10- 12 cm, leave two leaves on them, cut off half of them, and then insert them obliquely in the seedbed, leaving only one section on the soil surface, paying attention to shading and maintaining a certain humidity. Generally, it can take root in 1 month, and it can only be transplanted after 1 year. In the south, there is also a method of water-inserting propagation, that is, inserting cuttings on a disc made of reed stalks, floating it on the water, letting the lower part take root in the water, and then transplanting and cultivating it. Stratification can be carried out around Tomb-Sweeping Day in April or in rainy season. Select the annual robust branches of the three-year-old mother plant, pull them to the ground, and carve the buried parts on the branches. If the carved part can be dipped in 200ppm powdered acetic acid and then covered with soil for compaction, it will be easier to take root. Generally, you can leave the mother plant one month after taking root, and then transplant it with soil in the next spring. [Edit this paragraph] Gardenia likes to apply fertilizer in field management, but it is advisable to apply more thin fertilizer. The soil likes acidity and has good drainage. After transplanting seedlings, topdressing can be done once a month; Pruning once a year from May to July, cutting off the top to promote branching and form a complete crown. Removing dead flowers from adult trees is beneficial to vigorous flowering and prolonging flowering period. Potted gardenia should be poured out in time after the rain, and Huang should apply alum fertilizer in time. In the north, gardenias introduced from the south tend to be big in the first year, but they become smaller in the second year, and their leaves become Huang Yi and fall off. In severe cases, the plants die. The main reason is that the soil in the north is alkaline, the climate is dry and the water quality is not suitable for its growth. Therefore, the introduction from the south should be transplanted with soil as much as possible. Usually, the stored rainwater is watered or soaked in grass and peel, and it can also be fermented with salt-free swill. If 0. 1 kg ferrous sulfate can be added to 50 kg water, the effect will be better. In the vigorous growth period, grinding water and topdressing can promote lush foliage and bright leaves. In spring and autumn, the growth is slow. Apply 1 diluted liquid fertilizer every 2 ~ 3 weeks. After the summer, the temperature rises, and the growth is gradually vigorous. Liquid fertilizer can be applied every 7 ~ 10 day/time. In the morning and evening, clear water can also be used to spray leaves and nearby ground to increase air humidity. Before the autumn frost comes, transfer it to an environment where the winter temperature is not lower than 0℃ for winter. [Edit this paragraph] Land selection and soil preparation should be planted in sandy loam with deep soil layer on sunny hillside. It can be planted in the corner of the field or interplanted with leguminous plants. Before planting, all the land should be reclaimed, the pockets of miscellaneous trees should be removed, and the pit should be dug at the row spacing of 4×4 feet, with the pit width 1 foot square and the depth of 0.8- 1 foot. 65,438+00-65,438+05 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer was applied to each hole, and it was planted after mixing soil in the hole. [Edit this paragraph] Planting 1, land selection and soil preparation: Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has low requirements on soil, and can be cultivated on hillsides, soil workshops, fields and corners. Dig a pit at the selected site with a row spacing of 4-6 feet (if the soil is good, the distance can be larger, otherwise it will be smaller), with a hole diameter of one foot and a depth of 0.8- 1 foot. Apply soil mixed fertilizer, green manure or human and animal manure as base fertilizer, and plant it after the soil fertilizer is uniform. 2. Planting: Planting should be carried out in cloudy days from March to April. After the seedlings are unearthed, they should be planted in time. Don't be exposed to the sun and wind. If the transportation is far away, it is advisable to use yellow mud to irrigate the roots, cover with grass to keep moisture, plant one plant in each hole, and then cover with soil, compact and spray water. 3. Field management: After planting, weed and topdressing once a year in spring and summer, and human and animal manure, manure, compost and cake fertilizer can be applied. Before flowering in summer, it is best to apply fertilizer with more phosphorus and potassium content, and fertilization is generally carried out after weeding and loosening the soil. [Edit this paragraph] Cultivated varieties At present, the main cultivated varieties and their varieties are: ① Gardenia macrophylla (also known as Gardenia macrophylla): large leaves, large flowers, strong aroma and double petals. ② Gardenia, with short plant, small leaflets and double petals. 3 Gardenia: also known as Gardenia, Gardenia. Plants are short, procumbent, with small and narrow leaves, which are oblanceolate. The flowers are small and fragrant. Double flowers. ④ Gardenia, also known as Gardenia, is a wild species of Gardenia. The leaves are slightly smaller, the flowers are single, and the orange-red fruit bears fruit in autumn, which lasts for a long time and has strong alkali resistance. It is a good tree species to enjoy flowers and fruits. In addition, there are gardenia ovata, gardenia microphylla, gardenia angustifolia, gardenia maculata and gardenia. [Edit this paragraph] Gardenia flowers are often prone to yellowing of leaves, which is caused by many reasons and must be controlled by different measures. Yellowing disease caused by lack of fertilizer: this yellowing disease starts from the old leaves at the lower part of the plant and gradually spreads to the new leaves. Nitrogen deficiency: the leaves are yellow and the new leaves are small and crisp. Potassium deficiency: Old leaves turn from green to brown. Phosphorus deficiency: Old leaves are purple or dark red. For the above situation, we can force the application of iron deficiency caused by decomposed human manure or cake fertilizer: this yellowing disease is manifested in new leaves. At first, the leaves were pale yellow or white, and the veins were still green. In severe cases, the veins are yellow or white, and eventually the leaves will dry up and die. Spraying 0.2%-0.5% ferrous sulfate aqueous solution can prevent this situation. Yellowing caused by magnesium deficiency: this yellowing disease is gradually developed from old leaves to new leaves, and the veins are still green. In severe cases, the leaves fall off and die. Spraying 0.7%-0.8% boron and magnesium fertilizer can prevent this situation. Overwatering, freezing, etc. , it will also cause the leaves to turn yellow, so pay special attention in the maintenance process. When the indoor ventilation is poor and the temperature and humidity are too high in winter, gardenia is prone to scale insect harm and soot disease. You can scrape off scale insects with bamboo sticks, or spray 200 times of water with 20 # petroleum emulsion. For soot disease, clean water can be used to scrub or spray carbendazim 1000 times solution. The pests that harm gardenia are aphids, flea beetles and moth larvae. The first two can be dimethoate and trichlorfon, and the latter can be controlled by 666 powder or artificial capture of gardenia pests (1). Gardenia is prone to scale insects in the environment with high humidity and poor ventilation, so it can be cleaned with a small brush or 100 ~ 150 times 20 in time. (2) disease ① soot disease: it occurs on branches and leaves. After discovery, you can scrub or spray 0.3 baume stone sulfur mixture with carbendazim 1000 ~ 1200 times. (2) Rot disease: It often occurs on the lower trunk, and the stem expands and cracks. Immediately after discovery, it can be effective by scraping or smearing 5 ~ 10 degree stone sulfur mixture. Diseases and insect pests often occur leaf spot and yellowing. Leaf spot was sprayed with 65% zineb wettable powder 600 times, and 0. 1% ferrous sulfate solution was regularly added with water to prevent yellowing. Insect pests are harmful to moth, scale insect and whitefly. Spraying 3,000 times of 2.5% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate on the moth, and 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate of 1.500 times of scale insects and whiteflies. [Edit this paragraph] Why does gardenia turn yellow? There are many reasons why gardenia leaves turn yellow, and the common one is "green deficiency disease" caused by physiological diseases. Whether potted or planted in the ground, this situation is more common if the soil is alkaline or iron-deficient. Iron deficiency is characterized by bluish yellow between veins of young leaves, which will make the whole leaves yellow, even scorched leaves and branches wither, and finally cause plant death. Therefore, gardenia planted in the ground had better choose acid soil with good drainage and loose fertility; Potting should use 2 parts of decomposed soil, garden soil 1 part, and it is better to mix with some mountain mud. When yellow leaf disease occurs in the growth period from May to September, 0. 1% ferrous sulfate or 0. 5% ammonium sulfate can be added to the fertilizer solution, and it can get good results 1-2 times a month. [Edit this paragraph] Gardenia for garden is evergreen all the year round, with elegant fragrance, green leaves and white flowers, which is particularly beautiful and lovely. Suitable for terrace, Chi Pan and roadside configuration, can also be used as flower bed fence and potted plants for viewing, and can also be used for flower arrangement decoration. Gardenia has lush foliage, beautiful flowers and strong fragrance. It is an excellent landscaping material in the courtyard, and can also be used for potted plants or making bonsai and cut flowers. The peel is used as a yellow dye. Wood is hard and fine, and it is a good carving material. [Edit this paragraph] Medicinal value Gardenia fruit is used as medicine, which is mainly used for fever, high fever, irritability, toothache, mouth sores, nasal obstruction and reflux, hematemesis, conjunctivitis, sores, icteric infectious hepatitis, bean disease and hematuria; External use for treating traumatic hemorrhage, sprain and contusion. Root medicine is mainly used for infectious hepatitis, traumatic injury and toothache caused by wind and fire. [Edit this paragraph] Gardenia flowers are harvested and processed from September to165438+10 to remove impurities such as fruit stalks. They are slightly steamed in retort or boiled in boiling water (alum can be added) and then dried. Fruit is not easy to dry, so it should be turned frequently to make it well ventilated to avoid mildew and deterioration. Dig roots in summer and autumn, wash and dry. Gardenia began to blossom and bear fruit after 2-3 years of cultivation. 11-65438+The fruit begins to mature in February, and can be harvested when the peel is yellow-green. Picking in sunny days, the picked gardenias should be aired or dried in time.
It is a touch of youthful and pure love.