Structure and composition of temporal bone
The temporal bone consists of many bones, including frontal bone, temporal bone and occipital bone. Among them, the temporal bone includes the temporomandibular part, mastoid process, styloid process and zygomatic process of the temporal bone.
Temporal bone function
1. facial expression: temporal bone is involved in the formation of facial expression. The muscles of facial expression are attached to the temporal bone, and through the movement of the temporal bone, rich facial expressions are produced.
2. Hearing: The cochlea in the temporal bone is related to hearing. Cochlea is a part of the auditory organ, which is located inside the temporal bone and is responsible for receiving sound signals and converting them into nerve signals.
3. Chewing: The temporomandibular bone and the mastoid process of the temporal bone participate in chewing. The masticatory muscles on the temporomandibular bone are attached to the mastoid process of the temporal bone, and through the movement of the temporal bone, the opening and closing and chewing functions of the mouth are realized.
Relationship between temporal bone and other bones
1. Frontotemporal bone connection: the temporal bone and the frontal bone are connected through the temporo-frontal junction to form the profile of the head. This junction forms the supraorbital fissure above the temporal bone, which is the passage through which the optic nerve passes.
2. Temporoparietal joint: The temporal bone is connected with the mandible through the temporomandibular joint to realize the functions of opening and closing the mouth and chewing.
3. Composition of skull base: The temporal bone is located on one side of the skull base and connected with other skulls, such as sphenoid bone and occipital bone, which together form the overall structure of the skull.
Clinical diseases related to temporal bone
1. temporal bone fracture: temporal bone fracture is common in head trauma, and may be accompanied by symptoms such as hearing loss and facial deformity. If you encounter a temporal bone fracture, you need to seek medical treatment in time.
2. Temporomandibular joint disorder: this disease is common in joint dysfunction between mandible and temporal bone, which can lead to chewing difficulty, headache and other symptoms. Treatment methods include physical therapy and oral correction.
3. Mastitis: Mastitis of temporal bone is inflammation of temporal bone caused by mastoid infection. Common symptoms include earache and pus in the ear canal, and antibiotics are usually needed for treatment.
Significance of temporal bone research
The correct anatomy and research of temporal bone is of great significance to facial plastic surgery, hearing disease treatment and other fields. Through the in-depth study of the structure and function of temporal bone, we can better understand the anatomical and physiological characteristics of human skull and the treatment of related diseases.
Summary:
The temporal bone is located in the human skull and plays an important role in facial expression, hearing and chewing. It is composed of frontotemporal bone, temporal bone, occipital-temporal bone and other bones, which are connected with frontotemporal bone and mandible to form the overall structure of the head. The study of temporal bone is of great significance for facial plastic surgery and the treatment of auditory diseases. Clinically, there may be diseases such as temporal bone fracture, temporomandibular joint disorder and mastoiditis of temporal bone, which require timely medical treatment.